法律文本

中华人民共和国献血法

Law of the People's Republic of China on Blood Donation

主席令第九十三号

Presidential Decree No. 93

《中华人民共和国献血法》已由中华人民共和国第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议于1997年12月29日通过，现予公布，自1998年10月1日起执行。

The Law of the People's Republic of China on Blood Donation, which was adopted at the 29th session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress on December 29, 1997, is released hereby and shall take effect as of October 1, 1998.

中华人民共和国主席江泽民

President of the PRC: Jiang Zemin

1997年12月29日

December 29, 1997

(1997年12月29日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议通过)

(Adopted at the 29th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on December 29, 1997)

第一条   为保证医疗临床用血需要和安全，保障献血者和用血者身体健康，发扬人道主义精神，促进社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring the supply and safety of blood for medical and clinical use, protecting the health of blood donors and users, developing humanitarianism and promoting socialist material as well as cultural and ethical progress.

第二条   国家实行无偿献血制度。

Article 2 The State institutes a blood donation system.

国家提倡十八周岁至五十五周岁的健康公民自愿献血。

The State encourages healthy citizens from 18 to 55 years of age to donate blood voluntarily.

第三条   地方各级人民政府领导本行政区域内的献血工作，统一规划并负责组织、协调有关部门共同做好献血工作。

Article 3 The local people's governments at various levels shall exercise leadership in the work of blood donation within their administrative areas, make unified plans for the work and be responsible for enlisting and coordinating the efforts of relevant departments in making a success of the work together.

第四条   县级以上各级人民政府卫生行政部门监督管理献血工作。

Article 4 The administrative departments for public health under the people's governments at or above the county level shall exercise supervision over and administration of blood donation.

各级红十字会依法参与、推动献血工作。

The Red Cross Societies at various levels shall take part in and promote the work of blood donation according to law.

第五条   各级人民政府采取措施广泛宣传献血的意义，普及献血的科学知识，开展预防和控制经血液途径传播的疾病的教育。

Article 5 The people's governments at various levels shall take measures to give wide publicity to the significance of blood donation, disseminate scientific knowledge about blood donation, carry out education in the need to prevent and control the spread of diseases through the medium of blood.

新闻媒介应当开展献血的社会公益性宣传。

The mass media shall give publicity of blood donation for the public good.

第六条   国家机关、军队、社会团体、企业事业组织、居民委员会、村民委员会，应当动员和组织本单位或者本居住区的适龄公民参加献血。

Article 6 State organs, the Army, public organizations, enterprises and institutions, neighborhood committees and villagers' committees shall mobilize and arrange for citizens of the right age in their units or residential areas to donate blood.

现役军人献血的动员和组织办法，由中国人民解放军卫生主管部门制定。

The department in charge of public health under the Chinese People's Liberation Army shall formulate measures for mobilizing and arranging for active servicemen to donate blood.

对献血者，发给国务院卫生行政部门制作的无偿献血证书，有关单位可以给予适当补贴。

A blood donor shall be issued with the blood donation certificate prepared by the administrative department for public health under the State Council, and may be given appropriate subsidies by the department concerned.

第七条   国家鼓励国家工作人员、现役军人和高等学校在校学生率先献血，为树立社会新风尚作表率。

Article 7 The State encourages State functionaries, active servicemen and students of institutions of higher learning to take the lead in donating blood, setting a good example in fostering new social values.

第八条   血站是采集、提供临床用血的机构，是不以营利为目的的公益性组织。设立血站向公民采集血液，必须经国务院卫生行政部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府卫生行政部门批准。血站应当为献血者提供各种安全、卫生、便利的条件。血站的设立条件和管理办法由国务院卫生行政部门制定。

Article 8 A blood donor centre, being an institution for collecting and providing blood for clinical use, is not a profit-oriented organization, but an organization for public benefit. A blood donor centre for collecting blood from among citizens shall be established only with the approval of the administrative department for public health under the State Council or under the people's government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. A blood station shall provide blood donors with various safe, sanitary and convenient conditions. The requirements for the establishment of a blood donor centre and the measures for its administration shall be formulated by the administrative department for public health under the State Council.

第九条   血站对献血者必须免费进行必要的健康检查；身体不符合献血条件的，血站应当向其说明情况，不得采集血液。献血者的身体健康条件由国务院卫生行政部门规定。

Article 9 A blood donor centre shall carry out the necessary medical checkup on blood donors free of charge; where a person's health condition does not meet the requirements for blood donation, the blood donor centre shall explain the situation to him and no blood may be collected from him. The health conditions of blood donors shall be prescribed by the administrative department for public health under the State Council.

血站对献血者每次采集血液量一般为二百毫升，最多不得超过四百毫升，两次采集间隔期不少于六个月。

In general, the amount of blood collected from a blood donor by a blood donor centre shall be 200 ml. at a time, it may not exceed the maximum of 400 ml., and the interval between two collections shall be not less than six months.

严格禁止血站违反前款规定对献血者超量频繁采集血液。

A blood donor centre is strictly prohibited from overcollecting or frequently collecting blood from blood donors in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

第十条   血站采集血液必须严格遵守有关规程和制度，采血必须由具有采血资格的医务人员进行，一次性采血器材用后必须销毁，确保献血者的身体健康。

Article 10 A blood donor centre shall collect blood strictly in compliance with the relevant operation procedures and regulations, blood collecting shall be done by qualified medical workers, and disposable instruments for blood collection shall be destroyed after use in order to protect the health of blood donors.

血站应当根据国务院卫生行政部门规定的标准，保证血液质量。

A blood donor centre shall, in accordance with the standard set by the administrative department for public health under the State Council, guarantee blood quality.

血站对采集的血液必须进行检测；未经检测或检测不合格的血液，不得向医疗机构提供。

A blood donor centre shall test the blood collected; blood that is not tested or that is disqualified through test shall not be supplied to any medical institutions.

第十一条   无偿献血的血液必须用于临床，不得买卖。血站、医疗机构不得将无偿献血者的血液出售给单采血浆站或者血液制品生产单位。

Article 11 Donated blood shall only be used for clinical purposes and not for sale. A blood donor centre or medical institution may not sell donated blood to any blood plasma stations or blood product manufacturers.

第十二条   临床用血的包装、储存、运输，必须符合国家规定的卫生标准和要求。

Article 12 Blood for clinical use must be packed, stored and transported in conformity with the sanitary standard and requirements set by the State.

第十三条   医疗机构对临床用血必须进行核查，不得将不符合国家规定标准的血液用于临床。

Article 13 A medical institution shall check the blood for clinical use and may not use the blood that is not up to the standard set by the State for clinical purposes.

第十四条   公民临床用血时，只交付用于血液采集、储存、分离、检验等费用；具体收费标准由国务院卫生行政门会同国务院价格主管部门制定。

Article 14 A citizen who uses blood for clinical purposes shall only pay the expenses of blood collection, storage, separation and test; the specific standard rates shall be fixed by the administrative department for public health under the State Council in conjunction with the competent department for pricing under the State Council.

无偿献血者临床需要用血时，免交前款规定的费用；无偿献血者的配偶和直系亲属临床需要用血时，可以按照省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的规定免交或者减交前款规定的费用。

If a blood donor needs blood for clinical use, he shall be exempted from payment of the expenses mentioned in the preceding paragraph. If the spouse or lineal relatives of a blood donor need blood for clinical use, they may, in accordance with the provisions of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, be exempted from payment of the expenses mentioned in the preceding paragraph or pay less.

第十五条   为保障公民临床急救用血的需要，国家提倡并指导择期手术的患者自身储血，动员家庭、亲友、所在单位以及社会互助献血。

Article 15 For the purpose of ensuring the supply of blood for citizens' clinical first-aid treatment, the State encourages any patient who chooses a date for operation to have his blood stored for his own use and provides guidance in this respect, and persuades his family members, relatives, friends, the unit to which he belongs and the community as a whole to donate blood for mutual aid.

为保证应急用血，医疗机构可以临时采集血液，但应当依照本法规定，确保采血用血安全。

In order to meet an urgent need of blood, a medical institution may collect blood whenever necessary, provided that they guarantee safe collection and safe use of blood in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第十六条   医疗机构临床用血应当制定用血计划，遵循合理、科学的原则，不得浪费和滥用血液。

Article 16 A medical institution shall make plans for the use of blood for clinical purposes, adhere to the principle of rational and scientific use and may not waste blood or use it indiscriminately.

医疗机构应当积极推行按血液成份针对医疗实际需要输血，具体管理办法由国务院卫生行政部门制定。

A medical institution shall vigorously practise component blood transfusion in the light of actual medical need; the specific measures for the administration thereof shall be formulated by the administrative department for public health under the State Council.

国家鼓励临床用血新技术的研究和推广。

The State encourages research and dissemination of new technologies for clinical use of blood.

第十七条   各级人民政府和红十字会对积极参加献血和在献血工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人，给予奖励。

Article 17 The people's governments and the Red Cross Societies at various levels shall give awards to the units and individuals that take an active part in donating blood or score outstanding achievements in the work of blood donation.

第十八条   有下列行为之一的，由县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门予以取缔，没收违法所得，可以并处十万元以下的罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：

Article 18 Where a unit or individual commits any of the following acts, its or his act shall be banned by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level, its or his illegal gains shall be confiscated and it or he may also be fined not more than 100,000 yuan; if the act constitutes a crime, it or he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law:

（一） 非法采集血液的；

1. collecting blood illegally;

（二） 血站、医疗机构出售无偿献血的血液的；

2. A blood donor centre or medical institution sells donated blood; or

（三） 非法组织他人出卖血液的。

(III) Illegally organizing others to sell blood; or

第十九条   血站违反有关操作规程和制度采集血液，由县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门责令改正；给献血者健康造成损害的，应当依法赔偿，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 19 Where a blood donor centre collects blood in violation of relevant operation procedures and regulations, it shall be ordered to set it right by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level; if any harm is done to the health of a blood donor, it shall make compensation according to law, and the person who is directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the violation shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the violation constitutes a crime, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第二十条   临床用血的包装、储运、运输，不符合国家规定的卫生标准和要求的，由县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门责令改下，给予警告，可以并处一万元以下的罚款。

Article 20 Where blood for clinical use is packaged, stored or transported at variance with the sanitary standard or requirements set by the State, the violator shall be ordered to set it right, given an administrative warning and may also be fined not more than 10,000 yuan by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level.

第二十一条   血站违反本法的规定，向医疗机构提供不符合国家规定标准的血液的，由县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门责令改正；情节严重，造成经血液途径传播的疾病传播或者有传播严重危险的，限期整顿，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 21 Where a blood donor centre, in violation of the provisions of this Law, provides any medical institutions with blood that is not up to the standard set by the State, it shall be ordered to set it right by the administrative department for public health under the people's government at or above the county level; if the circumstances are serious and diseases are spread through the medium of blood or there is great danger of such spread, it shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit and the person who is directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the violation shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the violation constitutes a crime, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第二十二条   医疗机构的医务人员违反本法规定，将不符合国家规定标准的血液用于患者的，由县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门责令改正；给患者健康造成损害的，应当依法赔偿，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 22 Where a medical worker of a medical institution, in violation of the provisions of this Law, uses blood that is not up to the standard set by the State on a patient, he shall be ordered to set it right by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level; if any harm is done to the patient's health, he shall make compensation according to law and the person who is directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the violation shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the violation constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第二十三条   卫生行政部门及其工作人员在献血、用血的监督管理工作中，玩忽职守，造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。

Article 23 Where an administrative department for public health or any of its employees neglects its or his duty in supervision over and administration of blood donation or use of blood and the consequences are serious enough to constitute a crime, it or he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; otherwise, it or he shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.

第二十四条   本法自1998年10月1日起施行。

Article 24 This Law shall go into effect as of October 1, 1998.