法律文本

中華人民共和國獻血法

Law of the People's Republic of China on Blood Donation

主席令第九十三號

Presidential Decree No. 93

《中華人民共和國獻血法》已由中華人民共和國第八屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十九次會議於1997年12月29日通過，現予公布，自1998年10月1日起執行。

The Law of the People's Republic of China on Blood Donation, which was adopted at the 29th session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress on December 29, 1997, is released hereby and shall take effect as of October 1, 1998.

中華人民共和國主席江澤民

President of the PRC: Jiang Zemin

1997年12月29日

December 29, 1997

(1997年12月29日第八屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十九次會議通過)

(Adopted at the 29th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on December 29, 1997)

第一條   為保證醫療臨床用血需要和安全，保障獻血者和用血者身體健康，發揚人道主義精神，促進社會主義物質文明和精神文明建設，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring the supply and safety of blood for medical and clinical use, protecting the health of blood donors and users, developing humanitarianism and promoting socialist material as well as cultural and ethical progress.

第二條   國家實行無償獻血制度。

Article 2 The State institutes a blood donation system.

國家提倡十八周歲至五十五周歲的健康公民自願獻血。

The State encourages healthy citizens from 18 to 55 years of age to donate blood voluntarily.

第三條   地方各級人民政府領導本行政區域內的獻血工作，統一規劃並負責組織、協調有關部門共同做好獻血工作。

Article 3 The local people's governments at various levels shall exercise leadership in the work of blood donation within their administrative areas, make unified plans for the work and be responsible for enlisting and coordinating the efforts of relevant departments in making a success of the work together.

第四條   縣級以上各級人民政府衛生行政部門監督管理獻血工作。

Article 4 The administrative departments for public health under the people's governments at or above the county level shall exercise supervision over and administration of blood donation.

各級紅十字會依法參與、推動獻血工作。

The Red Cross Societies at various levels shall take part in and promote the work of blood donation according to law.

第五條   各級人民政府采取措施廣泛宣傳獻血的意義，普及獻血的科學知識，開展預防和控制經血液途徑傳播的疾病的教育。

Article 5 The people's governments at various levels shall take measures to give wide publicity to the significance of blood donation, disseminate scientific knowledge about blood donation, carry out education in the need to prevent and control the spread of diseases through the medium of blood.

新聞媒介應當開展獻血的社會公益性宣傳。

The mass media shall give publicity of blood donation for the public good.

第六條   國家機關、軍隊、社會團體、企業事業組織、居民委員會、村民委員會，應當動員和組織本單位或者本居住區的適齡公民參加獻血。

Article 6 State organs, the Army, public organizations, enterprises and institutions, neighborhood committees and villagers' committees shall mobilize and arrange for citizens of the right age in their units or residential areas to donate blood.

現役軍人獻血的動員和組織辦法，由中國人民解放軍衛生主管部門制定。

The department in charge of public health under the Chinese People's Liberation Army shall formulate measures for mobilizing and arranging for active servicemen to donate blood.

對獻血者，發給國務院衛生行政部門制作的無償獻血證書，有關單位可以給予適當補貼。

A blood donor shall be issued with the blood donation certificate prepared by the administrative department for public health under the State Council, and may be given appropriate subsidies by the department concerned.

第七條   國家鼓勵國家工作人員、現役軍人和高等學校在校學生率先獻血，為樹立社會新風尚作表率。

Article 7 The State encourages State functionaries, active servicemen and students of institutions of higher learning to take the lead in donating blood, setting a good example in fostering new social values.

第八條   血站是采集、提供臨床用血的機構，是不以營利為目的的公益性組織。設立血站向公民采集血液，必須經國務院衛生行政部門或者省、自治區、直轄市人民政府衛生行政部門批準。血站應當為獻血者提供各種安全、衛生、便利的條件。血站的設立條件和管理辦法由國務院衛生行政部門制定。

Article 8 A blood donor centre, being an institution for collecting and providing blood for clinical use, is not a profit-oriented organization, but an organization for public benefit. A blood donor centre for collecting blood from among citizens shall be established only with the approval of the administrative department for public health under the State Council or under the people's government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. A blood station shall provide blood donors with various safe, sanitary and convenient conditions. The requirements for the establishment of a blood donor centre and the measures for its administration shall be formulated by the administrative department for public health under the State Council.

第九條   血站對獻血者必須免費進行必要的健康檢查；身體不符合獻血條件的，血站應當向其說明情況，不得采集血液。獻血者的身體健康條件由國務院衛生行政部門規定。

Article 9 A blood donor centre shall carry out the necessary medical checkup on blood donors free of charge; where a person's health condition does not meet the requirements for blood donation, the blood donor centre shall explain the situation to him and no blood may be collected from him. The health conditions of blood donors shall be prescribed by the administrative department for public health under the State Council.

血站對獻血者每次采集血液量一般為二百毫升，最多不得超過四百毫升，兩次采集間隔期不少於六個月。

In general, the amount of blood collected from a blood donor by a blood donor centre shall be 200 ml. at a time, it may not exceed the maximum of 400 ml., and the interval between two collections shall be not less than six months.

嚴格禁止血站違反前款規定對獻血者超量頻繁采集血液。

A blood donor centre is strictly prohibited from overcollecting or frequently collecting blood from blood donors in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

第十條   血站采集血液必須嚴格遵守有關規程和制度，采血必須由具有采血資格的醫務人員進行，一次性采血器材用後必須銷毀，確保獻血者的身體健康。

Article 10 A blood donor centre shall collect blood strictly in compliance with the relevant operation procedures and regulations, blood collecting shall be done by qualified medical workers, and disposable instruments for blood collection shall be destroyed after use in order to protect the health of blood donors.

血站應當根據國務院衛生行政部門規定的標準，保證血液質量。

A blood donor centre shall, in accordance with the standard set by the administrative department for public health under the State Council, guarantee blood quality.

血站對采集的血液必須進行檢測；未經檢測或檢測不合格的血液，不得向醫療機構提供。

A blood donor centre shall test the blood collected; blood that is not tested or that is disqualified through test shall not be supplied to any medical institutions.

第十一條   無償獻血的血液必須用於臨床，不得買賣。血站、醫療機構不得將無償獻血者的血液出售給單采血漿站或者血液制品生產單位。

Article 11 Donated blood shall only be used for clinical purposes and not for sale. A blood donor centre or medical institution may not sell donated blood to any blood plasma stations or blood product manufacturers.

第十二條   臨床用血的包裝、儲存、運輸，必須符合國家規定的衛生標準和要求。

Article 12 Blood for clinical use must be packed, stored and transported in conformity with the sanitary standard and requirements set by the State.

第十三條   醫療機構對臨床用血必須進行核查，不得將不符合國家規定標準的血液用於臨床。

Article 13 A medical institution shall check the blood for clinical use and may not use the blood that is not up to the standard set by the State for clinical purposes.

第十四條   公民臨床用血時，只交付用於血液采集、儲存、分離、檢驗等費用；具體收費標準由國務院衛生行政門會同國務院價格主管部門制定。

Article 14 A citizen who uses blood for clinical purposes shall only pay the expenses of blood collection, storage, separation and test; the specific standard rates shall be fixed by the administrative department for public health under the State Council in conjunction with the competent department for pricing under the State Council.

無償獻血者臨床需要用血時，免交前款規定的費用；無償獻血者的配偶和直系親屬臨床需要用血時，可以按照省、自治區、直轄市人民政府的規定免交或者減交前款規定的費用。

If a blood donor needs blood for clinical use, he shall be exempted from payment of the expenses mentioned in the preceding paragraph. If the spouse or lineal relatives of a blood donor need blood for clinical use, they may, in accordance with the provisions of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, be exempted from payment of the expenses mentioned in the preceding paragraph or pay less.

第十五條   為保障公民臨床急救用血的需要，國家提倡並指導擇期手術的患者自身儲血，動員家庭、親友、所在單位以及社會互助獻血。

Article 15 For the purpose of ensuring the supply of blood for citizens' clinical first-aid treatment, the State encourages any patient who chooses a date for operation to have his blood stored for his own use and provides guidance in this respect, and persuades his family members, relatives, friends, the unit to which he belongs and the community as a whole to donate blood for mutual aid.

為保證應急用血，醫療機構可以臨時采集血液，但應當依照本法規定，確保采血用血安全。

In order to meet an urgent need of blood, a medical institution may collect blood whenever necessary, provided that they guarantee safe collection and safe use of blood in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第十六條   醫療機構臨床用血應當制定用血計劃，遵循合理、科學的原則，不得浪費和濫用血液。

Article 16 A medical institution shall make plans for the use of blood for clinical purposes, adhere to the principle of rational and scientific use and may not waste blood or use it indiscriminately.

醫療機構應當積極推行按血液成份針對醫療實際需要輸血，具體管理辦法由國務院衛生行政部門制定。

A medical institution shall vigorously practise component blood transfusion in the light of actual medical need; the specific measures for the administration thereof shall be formulated by the administrative department for public health under the State Council.

國家鼓勵臨床用血新技術的研究和推廣。

The State encourages research and dissemination of new technologies for clinical use of blood.

第十七條   各級人民政府和紅十字會對積極參加獻血和在獻血工作中做出顯著成績的單位和個人，給予獎勵。

Article 17 The people's governments and the Red Cross Societies at various levels shall give awards to the units and individuals that take an active part in donating blood or score outstanding achievements in the work of blood donation.

第十八條   有下列行為之一的，由縣級以上地方人民政府衛生行政部門予以取締，沒收違法所得，可以並處十萬元以下的罰款；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 18 Where a unit or individual commits any of the following acts, its or his act shall be banned by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level, its or his illegal gains shall be confiscated and it or he may also be fined not more than 100,000 yuan; if the act constitutes a crime, it or he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law:

（一） 非法采集血液的；

1. collecting blood illegally;

（二） 血站、醫療機構出售無償獻血的血液的；

2. A blood donor centre or medical institution sells donated blood; or

（三） 非法組織他人出賣血液的。

(III) Illegally organizing others to sell blood; or

第十九條   血站違反有關操作規程和制度采集血液，由縣級以上地方人民政府衛生行政部門責令改正；給獻血者健康造成損害的，應當依法賠償，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 19 Where a blood donor centre collects blood in violation of relevant operation procedures and regulations, it shall be ordered to set it right by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level; if any harm is done to the health of a blood donor, it shall make compensation according to law, and the person who is directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the violation shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the violation constitutes a crime, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第二十條   臨床用血的包裝、儲運、運輸，不符合國家規定的衛生標準和要求的，由縣級以上地方人民政府衛生行政部門責令改下，給予警告，可以並處一萬元以下的罰款。

Article 20 Where blood for clinical use is packaged, stored or transported at variance with the sanitary standard or requirements set by the State, the violator shall be ordered to set it right, given an administrative warning and may also be fined not more than 10,000 yuan by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level.

第二十一條   血站違反本法的規定，向醫療機構提供不符合國家規定標準的血液的，由縣級以上人民政府衛生行政部門責令改正；情節嚴重，造成經血液途徑傳播的疾病傳播或者有傳播嚴重危險的，限期整頓，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 21 Where a blood donor centre, in violation of the provisions of this Law, provides any medical institutions with blood that is not up to the standard set by the State, it shall be ordered to set it right by the administrative department for public health under the people's government at or above the county level; if the circumstances are serious and diseases are spread through the medium of blood or there is great danger of such spread, it shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit and the person who is directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the violation shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the violation constitutes a crime, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第二十二條   醫療機構的醫務人員違反本法規定，將不符合國家規定標準的血液用於患者的，由縣級以上地方人民政府衛生行政部門責令改正；給患者健康造成損害的，應當依法賠償，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 22 Where a medical worker of a medical institution, in violation of the provisions of this Law, uses blood that is not up to the standard set by the State on a patient, he shall be ordered to set it right by the administrative department for public health under the local people's government at or above the county level; if any harm is done to the patient's health, he shall make compensation according to law and the person who is directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the violation shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the violation constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第二十三條   衛生行政部門及其工作人員在獻血、用血的監督管理工作中，玩忽職守，造成嚴重後果，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，依法給予行政處分。

Article 23 Where an administrative department for public health or any of its employees neglects its or his duty in supervision over and administration of blood donation or use of blood and the consequences are serious enough to constitute a crime, it or he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; otherwise, it or he shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.

第二十四條   本法自1998年10月1日起施行。

Article 24 This Law shall go into effect as of October 1, 1998.