法律文本

中華人民共和國鐵路法（2015修正）

Railway Law of the People's Republic of China (Revision 2015)

（1990年9月7日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十五次會議通過 根據2009年8月27日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十次會議《關於修改部分法律的決定》第一次修正 根據2015年4月24日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十四次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國義務教育法〉等五部法律的決定》第二次修正）

(Adopted at the 15th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on September 7, 1990; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Amending Certain Laws passed at the 10th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; and amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising Five Laws including the Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 14th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on April 24, 2015)

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了保障鐵路運輸和鐵路建設的順利進行，適應社會主義現代化建設和人民生活的需要，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of ensuring smooth progress of railway transport and railway construction in order to meet the demands of socialist modernization and people's livelihood.

第二條   本法所稱鐵路，包括國家鐵路、地方鐵路、專用鐵路和鐵路專用線。國家鐵路是指由國務院鐵路主管部門管理的鐵路。地方鐵路是指由地方人民政府管理的鐵路。

Article 2 Railways as referred to in this Law include State railways, local railways, industrial railways and railway private sidings. State railways refer to the railways administered by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council. Local railways refer to the railways administered by local people's governments.

專用鐵路是指由企業或者其他單位管理，專為本企業或者本單位內部提供運輸服務的鐵路。

Industrial railways refer to the railways administered by enterprises or other units to provide in-house transport services.

鐵路專用線是指由企業或者其他單位管理的與國家鐵路或者其他鐵路線路接軌的岔線。

Railway private sidings refer to the branch railway lines which are administered by enterprises or other entities and are connected to a State railway line or any other railway line.

第三條   國務院鐵路主管部門主管全國鐵路工作，對國家鐵路實行高度集中、統一指揮的運輸管理體制，對地方鐵路、專用鐵路和鐵路專用線進行指導、協調、監督和幫助。

Article 3 The competent department in charge of railways under the State Council shall be responsible for railway affairs throughout the country, implement over the State railway network a transport control system which is highly centralized and under unified command, and shall provide guidance for, coordination among, supervision over and assistance to local railways, industrial railways and railway private sidings.

國家鐵路運輸企業行使法律、行政法規授予的行政管理職能。

A State railway transport enterprise shall perform the administrative functions as authorized by relevant laws and administrative rules and regulations.

第四條   國家重點發展國家鐵路，大力扶持地方鐵路的發展。

Article 4 The State shall focus its effort on the development of State railways and provide substantial aid and support to the development of local railways.

第五條   鐵路運輸企業必須堅持社會主義經營方向和為人民服務的宗旨，改善經營管理，切實改進路風，提高運輸服務質量。

Article 5 A railway transport enterprise must adhere to the socialist orientation in operation and management, pursue the aim of serving the people, improve operation and management, better the work style, and enhance the transport service quality.

第六條   公民有愛護鐵路設施的義務。禁止任何人破壞鐵路設施，擾亂鐵路運輸的正常秩序。

Article 6 Citizens shall have the obligation to take good care of railway installations. Damage to railway installations and disruption of normal railway traffic shall be prohibited.

第七條   鐵路沿線各級地方人民政府應當協助鐵路運輸企業保證鐵路運輸安全暢通，車站、列車秩序良好，鐵路設施完好和鐵路建設順利進行。

Article 7 Local people's governments at various levels along the railway lines shall assist the railway transport enterprises in ensuring safe and uninterrupted railway traffic, good social order at stations and on trains, intactness of railway installations, and smooth progress of railway construction.

第八條   國家鐵路的技術管理規程，由國務院鐵路主管部門制定，地方鐵路、專用鐵路的技術管理辦法，參照國家鐵路的技術管理規程制定。

Article 8 Regulations governing the technical operations of State railways shall be formulated by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council, while rules governing the local railways and industrial railways shall be drawn up with reference to the regulations governing the technical operations of State railways.

第九條   國家鼓勵鐵路科學技術研究，提高鐵路科學技術水平。對在鐵路科學技術研究中有顯著成績的單位和個人給予獎勵。

Article 9 The State shall encourage scientific and technological research on railways in order to heighten their scientific and technical level. Any entity or individual that has achieved outstanding results in such research shall be awarded.

第二章 鐵路運輸營業

Chapter 2 Railway Transport Business

第十條   鐵路運輸企業應當保證旅客和貨物運輸的安全，做到列車正點到達。

Article 10 all railway transport enterprises shall guarantee safe transport of passengers and goods and punctual train arrivals.

第十一條   鐵路運輸合同是明確鐵路運輸企業與旅客、托運人之間權利義務關系的協議。

Article 11 A railway transport contract shall be an agreement in which the mutual rights and obligations between the railway transport enterprise and the passenger (s) or shipper (s) are defined.

旅客車票、行李票、包裹票和貨物運單是合同或者合同的組成部分。

A passenger ticket, a luggage, parcel or goods consignment note shall constitute a contract or a constituent part of a contract.

第十二條   鐵路運輸企業應當保證旅客按車票載明的日期、車次乘車，並到達目的站。因鐵路運輸企業的責任造成旅客不能按車票載明的日期、車次乘車的，鐵路運輸企業應當按照旅客的要求，退還全部票款或者安排改乘到達相同目的站的其他列車。

Article 12 A railway transport enterprise shall ensure the passenger of riding on a train of the number and on the date stated on the passenger's ticket, and of arriving at the destination stated on the same ticket. In case of the passenger being unable to ride on the train of the number and on the date stated on the passenger's ticket owing to the liability of the railway transport enterprise, the said enterprise shall, as requested by the passenger, refund the total sum of the ticket fare or make arrangements for the passenger to ride on another train to the same destination.

第十三條   鐵路運輸企業應當采取有效措施做好旅客運輸服務工作，做到文明禮貌、熱情周到，保持車站和車廂內的清潔衛生，提供飲用開水，做好列車上的飲食供應工作。

Article 13 A railway transport enterprise shall take effective measures to serve the passengers well in a courteous, attentive, warm and cultured manner, keep the station premises and passenger cars clean and sanitary, and provide boiled drinking water and good catering services on the train.

鐵路運輸企業應當采取措施，防止對鐵路沿線環境的汙染。

A railway transport enterprise shall take measures to protect the environment along railway lines from pollution.

第十四條   旅客乘車應當持有效車票。對無票乘車或者持失效車票乘車的，應當補收票款，並按照規定加收票款；拒不交付的，鐵路運輸企業可以責令下車。

Article 14 Passengers shall hold valid tickets. Any passenger riding on a train without a ticket or with an invalid ticket shall pay the ticket fare on the train plus such additional charges as specified in relevant railway regulations; the railway transport enterprise may order any passenger who refuses to do so to leave the train.

第十五條   國家鐵路和地方鐵路根據發展生產、搞活流通的原則，安排貨物運輸計劃。對搶險救災物資和國家規定需要優先運輸的其他物資，應予優先運輸。

Article 15 The State railways and local railways shall plan the goods transport on the principle of promoting production and invigorating circulation. Priority of transport shall be given to materials used for emergency rescue or disaster relief and other materials that require priority of transport as stipulated by the State.

地方鐵路運輸的物資需要經由國家鐵路運輸的，其運輸計劃應當納入國家鐵路的運輸計劃。

Where goods and materials to be carried by local railways need to be carried by State railways, the transport plan therefore shall be incorporated in the transport plan of State railways.

第十六條   鐵路運輸企業應當按照合同約定的期限或者國務院鐵路主管部門規定的期限，將貨物、包裹、行李運到目的站；逾期運到的，鐵路運輸企業應當支付違約金。

Article 16 A railway transport enterprise shall carry the goods, parcels and luggage to their destinations in observance of the time limit stipulated in the contract or within the time limit prescribed by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council. For any overdue goods, parcel, or luggage, the railway transport enterprise shall be liable to indemnity for breach of contract.

鐵路運輸企業逾期三十日仍未將貨物、包裹、行李交付收貨人或者旅客的，托運人、收貨人或者旅客有權按貨物、包裹、行李滅失向鐵路運輸企業要求賠償。

In case a railway transport enterprise fails to deliver the goods, parcels or luggage to their consignee or owner passenger after thirty days in excess of the time limit, the shipper, consignee or passenger concerned shall be entitled to claim compensation for loss from the railway transport enterprise.

第十七條   鐵路運輸企業應當對承運的貨物、包裹、行李自接受承運時起到交付時止發生的滅失、短少、變質、汙染或者損壞，承擔賠償責任：

Article 17 A railway transport enterprise shall be liable to pay compensation for loss, short-delivery, deterioration, contamination, or damage that might have occurred to the shipped goods, parcels or luggage as of the moment the railway transport enterprise undertakes the conveyance until the moment of their delivery.

（一）托運人或者旅客根據自願申請辦理保價運輸的，按照實際損失賠償，但最高不超過保價額。

(I) Any shipper or passenger who has voluntarily applied for insured transport of valued articles shall be entitled to an indemnity on a par with the actual loss but not exceeding the insured value.

（二）未按保價運輸承運的，按照實際損失賠償，但最高不超過國務院鐵路主管部門規定的賠償限額；如果損失是由於鐵路運輸企業的故意或者重大過失造成的，不適用賠償限額的規定，按照實際損失賠償。

(II) Indemnity for goods conveyed not in the manner of insured transport of valued articles shall be on a par with the actual loss but not exceeding the liability limit laid down by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council. If the loss is caused by deliberate action or grave fault on the part of the railway transport enterprise, the above-stated liability limit shall not apply but the indemnity shall be made in conformity with the actual loss.

托運人或者旅客根據自願可以向保險公司辦理貨物運輸保險，保險公司按照保險合同的約定承擔賠償責任。

Any shipper or passenger may, on voluntary basis, buy insurance policy for transport of goods at an insurance agency and the insurance agency shall be liable for indemnity in conformity with the agreement as stated in the insurance contract.

托運人或者旅客根據自願，可以辦理保價運輸，也可以辦理貨物運輸保險；還可以既不辦理保價運輸，也不辦理貨物運輸保險。不得以任何方式強迫辦理保價運輸或者貨物運輸保險。

Any shipper or passenger may, on voluntary basis, enter into insured transport of valued goods or buy insurance policy for transport of goods, or may do without. No shipper or passenger shall be compelled in any manner to enter into insured transport or buy transport insurance policy.

第十八條   由於下列原因造成的貨物、包裹、行李損失的，鐵路運輸企業不承擔賠償責任：

Article 18 A railway transport enterprise shall not be liable to indemnity for any loss, in relation to goods, parcels or luggage, caused by the following reasons:

（一）不可抗力。

1. Force majeure.

（二）貨物或者包裹、行李中的物品本身的自然屬性，或者合理損耗。

(II) Natural property of the goods or articles contained in the parcel or luggage, or natural wear and tear.

（三）托運人、收貨人或者旅客的過錯。

(III) Fault on the part of the shipper, consignee or passenger concerned.

第十九條   托運人應當如實填報托運單，鐵路運輸企業有權對填報的貨物和包裹的品名、重量、數量進行檢查。經檢查，申報與實際不符的，檢查費用由托運人承擔；申報與實際相符的，檢查費用由鐵路運輸企業承擔，因檢查對貨物和包裹中的物品造成的損壞由鐵路運輸企業賠償。

Article 19 Any shipper shall truthfully fill in the goods consignment note, and the railway transport enterprise shall be authorized to check the description, weight and quantity of the goods and parcels as written on the note. Upon check-up, if the reported disagrees with the real contents, the shipper shall pay for the check-up expenses; if the reported agrees with the real contents, the check-up expenses shall be borne by the railway transport enterprise, and any damage incurred from the check shall be compensated for by the same enterprise.

托運人因申報不實而少交的運費和其他費用應當補交，鐵路運輸企業按照國務院鐵路主管部門的規定加收運費和其他費用。

Any deficiency in payment of transport charges and other fees as a result of untrue declaration of the goods shipped shall be made up by the shipper concerned, and the railway transport enterprise shall, according to the relevant regulations of the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council, collect from the shipper extra transport charges and other fees.

第二十條   托運貨物需要包裝的，托運人應當按照國家包裝標準或者行業包裝標準包裝；沒有國家包裝標準或者行業包裝標準的，應當妥善包裝，使貨物在運輸途中不因包裝原因而受損壞。

Article 20 Goods consigned for shipment that need packing shall be packed by the shipper in conformity with the national standards for packing or the trade standards for packing; where both these standards are lacking, the shipper shall pack the goods properly so that the goods would not suffer any damage due to improper packing.

鐵路運輸企業對承運的容易腐爛變質的貨物和活動物，應當按照國務院鐵路主管部門的規定和合同的約定，采取有效的保護措施。

A railway transport enterprise shall, with regard to the perishable goods and living animals the shipment of which it has undertaken, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council and the contracted agreement.

第二十一條   貨物、包裹、行李到站後，收貨人或者旅客應當按照國務院鐵路主管部門規定的期限及時領取，並支付托運人未付或者少付的運費和其他費用；逾期領取的，收貨人或者旅客應當按照規定交付保管費。

Article 21 Upon the arrival of shipped goods, parcels or luggage, the relevant consignee or passenger shall claim them in time in observance of the time limit set by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council and at the same time pay any transport charges and other fees that the shipper has not paid or underpaid; if such time limit is exceeded, the consignee or passenger shall pay due charges for storage in accordance with relevant regulation.

第二十二條   自鐵路運輸企業發出領取貨物通知之日起滿三十日仍無人領取的貨物，或者收貨人書面通知鐵路運輸企業拒絕領取的貨物，鐵路運輸企業應當通知托運人，托運人自接到通知之日起滿三十日未作答複的，由鐵路運輸企業變賣；所得價款在扣除保管等費用後尚有餘款的，應當退還托運人，無法退還、自變賣之日起一百八十日內托運人又未領回的，上繳國庫。

Article 22 Any shipped goods that are not claimed for thirty days as of the date of issuing the notice of claim for the shipped goods, or that the consignee has informed the railway transport enterprise in writing of refusing to accept shall be sold off by the railway transport enterprise on condition that the enterprise has served the shipper a notice about such and received no acknowledgement for thirty days as of the date of receipt of the notice. The amount of money obtained from the selling, if there is any left after deduction of storage charges and other deductible fees, shall be refunded to the shipper, or turned over to the state treasury provided it is not refundable nor claimed by the shipper within one hundred and eighty days as of the date of disposal.

自鐵路運輸企業發出領取通知之日起滿九十日仍無人領取的包裹或者到站後滿九十日仍無人領取的行李，鐵路運輸企業應當公告，公告滿九十日仍無人領取的，可以變賣；所得價款在扣除保管等費用後尚有餘款的，托運人、收貨人或者旅客可以自變賣之日起一百八十日內領回，逾期不領回的，上繳國庫。

Any parcel not claimed for ninety days as of the date of issuing the notice of claim for such goods by the railway transport enterprise concerned and any luggage not claimed for ninety days as of its arrival at destination may be disposed of by the said enterprise provided that the latter has issued a public announcement thereupon and received no claim for the said parcel or luggage ninety days after the issuance. The amount of money obtained from the selling, if there is any left after deduction of storage charges and other deductible fees, may be recovered by the shipper, consignee or passenger concerned within one hundred and eighty days as of the date of the selling, or shall be turned over to the state treasury if no claim for recovery is received within the same time limit.

對危險物品和規定限制運輸的物品，應當移交公安機關或者有關部門處理，不得自行變賣。

Dangerous goods and articles the transport of which is restricted according to relevant regulations shall be handed over to the public security authority or department concerned for disposition and shall not be sold off by the railway transport enterprise itself.

對不宜長期保存的物品，可以按照國務院鐵路主管部門的規定縮短處理期限。

For articles which are not suitable for storage over a long period of time, the deadline for their disposal may be shortened in accordance with relevant provisions set down by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council.

第二十三條   因旅客、托運人或者收貨人的責任給鐵路運輸企業造成財產損失的，由旅客、托運人或者收貨人承擔賠償責任。

Article 23 Passengers, shippers or consignees who are held responsible for any loss of property of a railway transport enterprise shall be liable to compensation for the loss.

第二十四條   國家鼓勵專用鐵路兼辦公共旅客、貨物運輸營業；提倡鐵路專用線與有關單位按照協議共用。

Article 24 The State shall encourage industrial railways to take up also public passenger and goods transport services on a commercial basis; the State shall promote shared use of railway private sidings by related units on the basis of agreed terms.

專用鐵路兼辦公共旅客、貨物運輸營業的，應當報經省、自治區、直轄市人民政府批準。

Any industrial railway which will take up also public passenger or goods transport business on commercial basis shall report such to and obtain approval from the people's government of the relevant province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government.

專用鐵路兼辦公共旅客、貨物運輸營業的，適用本法關於鐵路運輸企業的規定。

To any industrial railway undertaking commercial public passenger or goods transport, the provisions governing railway transport enterprises stipulated in this Law shall apply.

第二十五條   鐵路的旅客票價率和貨物、行李的運價率實行政府指導價或者政府定價，競爭性領域實行市場調節價。政府指導價、政府定價的定價權限和具體適用範圍以中央政府和地方政府的定價目錄為依據。鐵路旅客、貨物運輸雜費的收費項目和收費標準，以及鐵路包裹運價率由鐵路運輸企業自主制定。

Article 25 Passenger fares and tariffs for goods, parcels and luggage shall be guided or fixed by governments, and prices in competitive fields shall be regulated by the market. The pricing authority and specific applicable scope of government-guided prices and government-set prices shall be based on the pricing catalogues of the central government and local governments. The items and rates of miscellaneous charges for passenger and goods transport as well as the railway package rates shall be set by railway transport enterprises at their own discretion.

第二十六條   鐵路的旅客票價，貨物、包裹、行李的運價，旅客和貨物運輸雜費的收費項目和收費標準，必須公告；未公告的不得實施。

Article 26 Passenger fares, tariffs for goods, parcels and luggage, and the items and rates of miscellaneous charges for passenger and goods transport, must be announced by public notice; the same shall not go into effect before being so announced.

第二十七條   國家鐵路、地方鐵路和專用鐵路印制使用的旅客、貨物運輸票證，禁止偽造和變造。

Article 27 Counterfeiting or alterations of tickets or other certificates which are printed and used in relation to passenger and goods transport by State railways, local railways and industrial railways shall be prohibited.

禁止倒賣旅客車票和其他鐵路運輸票證。

Reselling of passenger tickets or other railway transport certificates for profit shall be prohibited.

第二十八條   托運、承運貨物、包裹、行李，必須遵守國家關於禁止或者限制運輸物品的規定。

Article 28 Relevant regulations of the State concerning articles the transport of which is prohibited or restricted must be observed in consigning shipment and carrying goods, parcels or luggage.

第二十九條   鐵路運輸企業與公路、航空或者水上運輸企業相互間實行國內旅客、貨物聯運，依照國家有關規定辦理；國家沒有規定的，依照有關各方的協議辦理。

Article 29 Domestic through transport of passenger and goods between railway transport enterprises and highway, air or waterway transport enterprises must be handled in accordance with relevant provisions laid down by the State, or in the absence of such provisions, in accordance with the agreement reached by all parties concerned.

第三十條   國家鐵路、地方鐵路參加國際聯運，必須經國務院批準。

Article 30 Participation of State or local railways in international through transport must obtain approval from the State Council.

第三十一條   鐵路軍事運輸依照國家有關規定辦理。

Article 31 Military transport on railways shall be handled in accordance with relevant provisions laid down by the State.

第三十二條   發生鐵路運輸合同爭議的，鐵路運輸企業和托運人、收貨人或者旅客可以通過調解解決；不願意調解解決或者調解不成的，可以依據合同中的仲裁條 款或者事後達成的書面仲裁協議，向國家規定的仲裁機構申請仲裁。

Article 32 In the event of dispute over a railway transport contract, the railway transport enterprise and the involved shipper, consignee or passenger may settle the dispute by way of mediation; or if a party does not wish to settle the dispute by mediation or the mediation proves unsuccessful, the railway transport enterprise and the involved shipper, consignee or passenger may, in accordance with relevant provisions on arbitration included in the contract or with the written agreement on arbitration reached afterwards, apply for arbitration to an arbitration agency designated by the State.

當事人一方在規定的期限內不履行仲裁機構的仲裁決定的，另一方可以申請人民法院強制執行。

Where a party fails to perform the award of the arbitration agency within the prescribed time limit, the other party may apply to a people's court for compulsory execution.

當事人沒有在合同中訂立仲裁條款，事後又沒有達成書面仲裁協議的，可以向人民法院起訴。

In the absence of an arbitration clause in a contract and the failure to conclude a written arbitral agreement after a dispute has arisen, a suit may be filed in a people's court.

第三章 鐵路建設

Chapter III Railway Construction

第三十三條   鐵路發展規劃應當依據國民經濟和社會發展以及國防建設的需要制定，並與其他方式的交通運輸發展規劃相協調。

Article 33 Planning for the expansion of railway network shall be based on the demands of national economy, social development and the building up of national defense and shall be coordinated with the development plans of other modes of transport.

第三十四條   地方鐵路、專用鐵路、鐵路專用線的建設計劃必須符合全國鐵路發展規劃，並征得國務院鐵路主管部門或者國務院鐵路主管部門授權的機構的同意。

Article 34 The construction plan of local railways, industrial railways or railway private sidings must conform to the national railway development plan and must obtain approval from the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council or an agency authorized by this department.

第三十五條   在城市規劃區範圍內，鐵路的線路、車站、樞紐以及其他有關設施的規劃，應當納入所在城市的總體規劃。

Article 35 The planning of any railway track, station, junction area and other related facilities within a planned urban area of a city shall be brought in line with the overall plan of this city.

鐵路建設用地規劃，應當納入土地利用總體規劃。為遠期擴建、新建鐵路需要的土地，由縣級以上人民政府在土地利用總體規劃中安排。

The land-use plan for railway construction shall be incorporated in the relevant overall land-use plan. Land needed for future expansion or construction of new railway lines shall be allotted by the people's government at or above the county level in its overall land-use plan.

第三十六條   鐵路建設用地，依照有關法律、行政法規的規定辦理。

Article 36 The use of land for railway construction shall be handled in accordance with provisions of relevant laws and administrative rules and regulations.

有關地方人民政府應當支持鐵路建設，協助鐵路運輸企業做好鐵路建設征收土地工作和拆遷安置工作。

The relevant local people's government shall support railway construction and assist the railway transport enterprise to carry out land expropriation for railway construction, to dismantle or move any structures or inhabitants thereon and make due arrangements for them.

第三十七條   已經取得使用權的鐵路建設用地，應當依照批準的用途使用，不得擅自改作他用；其他單位或者個人不得侵占。

Article 37 Any railway transport enterprise shall, having acquired the right to use any land for railway construction, use the land for the approved purpose and shall not use the land for any other purposes without proper authorization; no other unit or individual may occupy or seize the said land.

侵占鐵路建設用地的，由縣級以上地方人民政府土地管理部門責令停止侵占、賠償損失。

The departments of land administration under the local people's government at or above the county level shall order any unit or individual that has occupied or seized the land appropriated for railway construction to stop doing so and to compensate the railway transport enterprise concerned for the loss.

第三十八條   鐵路的標準軌距為1435毫米。新建國家鐵路必須采用標準軌距。窄軌鐵路的軌距為762毫米或者1000毫米。

Article 38 The standard railway gauge shall be 1435mm. Standard gauge must be adopted in the construction of national railways. The gauge for narrow-gauge railways is 762 mm or 1000 mm.

新建和改建鐵路的其他技術要求應當符合國家標準或者行業標準。

Other technical requirements for new railways and reconstructed railways shall conform to relevant national standards or trade standards.

第三十九條   鐵路建成後，必須依照國家基本建設程序的規定，經驗收合格，方能交付正式運行。

Article 39 A railway line, after its completion of construction, may, in accordance with the procedures laid down by the State for capital construction, be put into operation only after it has been duly examined and accepted as satisfactory.

第四十條   鐵路與道路交叉處，應當優先考慮設置立體交叉；未設立體交叉的，可以根據國家有關規定設置平交道口或者人行過道。在城市規劃區內設置平交道口或者人行過道，由鐵路運輸企業或者建有專用鐵路、鐵路專用線的企業或者其他單位和城市規劃主管部門共同決定。

Article 40 At the crossing point of a railway and a highway, priority shall be given to the installation of a grade separation structure; at a crossing where a grade separation structure is not installed, a level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk may be laid in conformity with relevant provisions of the State. The setting up of a level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk within a planned urban area shall be decided by the railway transport enterprise, or the relevant enterprise owning the relating industrial railways or private sidings, or any other relevant unit jointly with the department in charge of city planning.

拆除已經設置的平交道口或者人行過道，由鐵路運輸企業或者建有專用鐵路、鐵路專用線的企業或者其他單位和當地人民政府商定。

The removal of an established level crossing or pedestrian cross-walk shall be decided by the railway transport enterprise, or the relevant enterprise owning the relating industrial railway or private siding, or any other relevant unit by agreement with the local people's government.

第四十一條   修建跨越河流的鐵路橋梁，應當符合國家規定的防洪、通航和水流的要求。

Article 41 Any railway bridge to be built across a river shall conform to the requirements for flood prevention, navigation and flow of current as laid down by the State in relevant regulations.

第四章 鐵路安全與保護

Chapter 4 Railway Safety and Protection

第四十二條   鐵路運輸企業必須加強對鐵路的管理和保護，定期檢查、維修鐵路運輸設施，保證鐵路運輸設施完好，保障旅客和貨物運輸安全。

Article 42 A railway transport enterprise must strengthen the control and protection of railways, regularly inspect and repair railway transport facilities so as to ensure intactness of these facilities and guarantee safe conveyance of passengers and goods.

第四十三條   鐵路公安機關和地方公安機關分工負責共同維護鐵路治安秩序。車站和列車內的治安秩序，由鐵路公安機關負責維護；鐵路沿線的治安秩序，由地方公安機關和鐵路公安機關共同負責維護，以地方公安機關為主。

Article 43 The railway security organ and the local security authority shall jointly maintain the railway security order based on the division of work. The public order at the station and on the train shall be maintained by the railway security organ; the public order along railway lines shall be maintained jointly by the local security authority and the railway security organ, with the local security authority in the main.

第四十四條   電力主管部門應當保證鐵路牽引用電以及鐵路運營用電中重要負荷的電力供應。鐵路運營用電中重要負荷的供應範圍由國務院鐵路主管部門和國務院電力主管部門商定。

Article 44 The competent department in charge of electric power shall guarantee the power supply for railway traction and critical loads arising in railway operation. The scope of power supply for critical loads arising in railway operation shall be defined by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council through consultation with the competent department in charge of electric power under the State Council.

第四十五條   鐵路線路兩側地界以外的山坡地由當地人民政府作為水土保持的重點進行整治。鐵路隧道頂上的山坡地由鐵路運輸企業協助當地人民政府進行整治。鐵路地界以內的山坡地由鐵路運輸企業進行整治。

Article 45 Hill slopes beyond the right-of-way of and flanking the railway line shall be conditioned as key territories for water and soil conservation by the relevant local people's government. Hill slopes on top of railway tunnels shall be conditioned by the local people's government with assistance of the relevant railway transport enterprise. Hill slopes within the railway line's right-of-way shall be conditioned by the railway transport enterprise.

第四十六條   在鐵路線路和鐵路橋梁、涵洞兩側一定距離內，修建山塘、水庫、堤壩，開挖河道、幹渠，采石挖砂，打井取水，影響鐵路路基穩定或者危害鐵路橋梁、涵洞安全的，由縣級以上地方人民政府責令停止建設或者采挖、打井等活動，限期恢複原狀或者責令采取必要的安全防護措施。

Article 46 In case there is any such activity as building an uphill pond, a reservoir, or a dyke or dam; excavating a water course, a trunk channel or other waterway; stone-quarrying; sand-fetching; or digging a well for water, which is carried out within a specific distance from both sides of a railway line, bridge or culvert, and which might cause adverse effects on the stability of the railway subgrade or endanger the railway bridge or culvert, the relevant local people's government at or above the county level shall order such activities to be ceased, and set a time limit for restoring the site to its original state or to take necessary safety and protection measures.

在鐵路線路上架設電力、通訊線路，埋置電纜、管道設施，穿鑿通過鐵路路基的地下坑道，必須經鐵路運輸企業同意，並采取安全防護措施。

Unless the approval of the relevant railway transport enterprise is obtained and proper safety and protection measures are provided, the erecting of power or communications lines over or across a railway line, the laying of buried cables or pipes along a railway subgrade, and the digging of tunnels through or under a railway embankment shall not be allowed.

在鐵路彎道內側、平交道口和人行過道附近，不得修建妨礙行車瞭望的建築物和種植妨礙行車瞭望的樹木。修建妨礙行車瞭望的建築物的，由縣級以上地方人民政府責令限期拆除。種植妨礙行車瞭望的樹木的，由縣級以上地方人民政府責令有關單位或者個人限期遷移或者修剪、砍伐。

No structures or trees may be erected or planted at the inner side of a curve or near a level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk that may impede the view of the driver. In case any building, such as afore-mentioned, has been erected, the local people's government at or above the county level shall order the builder to remove the building, within a specified period of time. In the event that any tree, which would obstruct a view of the running train, is planted, the local people's government at or above the county level shall order the relevant unit or individual to remove, trim or cut down the tree within a specified period of time.

違反前三款的規定，給鐵路運輸企業造成損失的單位或者個人，應當賠償損失。

Any unit or individual that violates the provisions stated in the preceding three paragraphs shall be liable to compensation for any loss thereby suffered by the relevant railway transport enterprise.

第四十七條   禁止擅自在鐵路線路上鋪設平交道口和人行過道。

Article 47 It shall be prohibited to install a level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk without proper authorization.

平交道口和人行過道必須按照規定設置必要的標志和防護設施。

All necessary signs and protective facilities must be provided at the level crossing or pedestrian cross-walk.

行人和車輛通過鐵路平交道口和人行過道時，必須遵守有關通行的規定。

Pedestrians and vehicles must, when passing a railway level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk, observe the relevant regulations governing passage over crossings.

第四十八條   運輸危險品必須按照國務院鐵路主管部門的規定辦理，禁止以非危險品品名托運危險品。

Article 48 Transport of dangerous goods must be handled in conformity with the regulations formulated by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council. It shall be forbidden to consign for shipment any dangerous article under the name of a non-dangerous article.

禁止旅客攜帶危險品進站上車。鐵路公安人員和國務院鐵路主管部門規定的鐵路職工，有權對旅客攜帶的物品進行運輸安全檢查。實施運輸安全檢查的鐵路職工應當佩戴執勤標志。

Passengers are prohibited from carrying dangerous goods into the station or on board. Railway security personnel or any such railway worker designated by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council shall, for the safety of transport, have the right to inspect the article or articles carried by any passenger. Any railway worker when carrying out transport safety inspection shall wear an on-duty identification mark.

危險品的品名由國務院鐵路主管部門規定並公布。

A list of the descriptions of dangerous articles shall be specified and promulgated by the competent department in charge of railways under the State Council.

第四十九條   對損毀、移動鐵路信號裝置及其他行車設施或者在鐵路線路上放置障礙物的，鐵路職工有權制止，可以扭送公安機關處理。

Article 49 Any railway worker shall have the right to stop any person who is about to damage or destroy, or cause to move or shift, any railway signaling installation or other facilities for traffic operation, and any person who is about to place obstacle (s) on the railway track. The railway worker may catch such a person and hand him over to the public security authorities.

第五十條   禁止偷乘貨車、攀附行進中的列車或者擊打列車。對偷乘貨車、攀附行進中的列車或者擊打列車的，鐵路職工有權制止。

Article 50 It shall be forbidden for anybody to make a covert ride on a goods train, to climb up or hang on to a train in motion, or to hit or strike a train. Any railway worker shall have the right to stop such a person.

第五十一條   禁止在鐵路線路上行走、坐臥。對在鐵路線路上行走、坐臥的，鐵路職工有權制止。

Article 51 It shall be forbidden to walk, sit or lie on a railway track. Any railway worker shall have the right to stop such conduct.

第五十二條   禁止在鐵路線路兩側二十米以內或者鐵路防護林地內放牧。對在鐵路線路兩側二十米以內或者鐵路防護林地內放牧的，鐵路職工有權制止。

Article 52 It shall be forbidden to graze livestock within twenty meters of either side of a railway track. Any railway worker shall have the right to stop such conduct.

第五十三條   對聚眾攔截列車或者聚眾沖擊鐵路行車調度機構的，鐵路職工有權制止；不聽制止的，公安人員現場負責人有權命令解散；拒不解散的，公安人員現場負責人有權依照國家有關規定決定采取必要手段強行驅散，並對拒不服從的人員強行帶離現場或者予以拘留。

Article 53 Any railway worker shall have the right to stop persons who have gathered up to intercept a train, or to assault a railway traffic control office. The responsible public security personnel on site shall have the right to order those persons who refuse to stop such action to disperse; and if such a demand is refused, the responsible public security personnel on site shall, according to relevant regulations established by the State, choose to force them to disperse by necessary means. Those who refuse to obey shall be taken away from the site by force or detained.

第五十四條   對哄搶鐵路運輸物資的，鐵路職工有權制止，可以扭送公安機關處理；現場公安人員可以予以拘留。

Article 54 Any railway worker shall have the right to stop those persons who try to start a riot and rob goods and materials being transported on railways and may seize them and hand them over to the public security authorities; the public security personnel on site may detain them.

第五十五條   在列車內，尋釁滋事，擾亂公共秩序，危害旅客人身、財產安全的，鐵路職工有權制止，鐵路公安人員可以予以拘留。

Article 55 Any railway worker shall have the right to stop any person who is picking quarrels and stirring up troubles on board a train causing public disorder or jeopardizing the physical being or property of other passengers; the railway security personnel may detain such person.

第五十六條   在車站和旅客列車內，發生法律規定需要檢疫的傳染病時，由鐵路衛生檢疫機構進行檢疫；根據鐵路衛生檢疫機構的請求，地方衛生檢疫機構應予協助。

Article 56 If a certain kind of infectious disease which demands quarantine as stated in legal provisions is discovered in a railway station or on board a passenger train, the railway sanitation and quarantine authority shall carry out the necessary quarantine process; the local sanitation and quarantine authority shall render assistance to the former upon request.

貨物運輸的檢疫，依照國家規定辦理。

The quarantine of goods in transport shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations of the State.

第五十七條   發生鐵路交通事故，鐵路運輸企業應當依照國務院和國務院有關主管部門關於事故調查處理的規定辦理，並及時恢複正常行車，任何單位和個人不得阻礙鐵路線路開通和列車運行。

Article 57 In case of any railway traffic accident, the railway transport enterprise shall act in accordance with relevant provisions about the investigation and handling of accidents stipulated by the State Council and its relevant competent department, and ensure the timely restoration of normal traffic; no unit or individual shall hinder the re-opening of the railway track and train operation.

第五十八條   因鐵路行車事故及其他鐵路運營事故造成人身傷亡的，鐵路運輸企業應當承擔賠償責任；如果人身傷亡是因不可抗力或者由於受害人自身的原因造成的，鐵路運輸企業不承擔賠償責任。

Article 58 A railway transport enterprise shall be liable to compensation for any personal injury or fatality due to traffic accident or other operational accident. It shall hold no liability for compensation for any personal injury or fatality due to force majeure or due to the fault of the aggrieved person oneself.

違章 通過平交道口或者人行過道，或者在鐵路線路上行走、坐臥造成的人身傷亡，屬於受害人自身的原因造成的人身傷亡。

Death or personal injury resulting from passing through a level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk in violation of regulations or from walking, sitting or lying on a railway track shall be deemed death or personal injury caused by the victim himself.

第五十九條   國家鐵路的重要橋梁和隧道，由中國人民武裝警察部隊負責守衛。

Article 59 Major bridges and tunnels of State railways shall be guarded by the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces.

第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第六十條   違反本法規定，攜帶危險品進站上車或者以非危險品品名托運危險品，導致發生重大事故的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。企業事業單位、國家機關、社會團體犯本款罪的，處以罰金，對其主管人員和直接責任人員依法追究刑事責任。

Article 60 Any person who, in violation of relevant provisions of this Law, has carried any dangerous article into a railway station or on board a train or has consigned for shipment any dangerous article under a name of a non-dangerous article thus causing a grave accident, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. Any enterprise, institution, State organ, or public organization which commits the crime as specified in this Article shall be imposed a fine, and the person in charge of any of the aforesaid unit and the person or persons immediately responsible for the offence shall be investigated for criminal responsibility.

攜帶炸藥、雷管或者非法攜帶槍支子彈、管制刀具進站上車的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Any person who carries dynamite or detonator or who illegally carries firearms, bullets or controlled knives into a railway station or on board a train shall be investigated for criminal responsibility with reference to in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六十一條   故意損毀、移動鐵路行車信號裝置或者在鐵路線路上放置足以使列車傾覆的障礙物的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 61 Any person who intentionally damages or destroys or causes to move or shift any railway signal installation, or places on the railway track obstacle (s) that might lead to the overturning of a train shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六十二條   盜竊鐵路線路上行車設施的零件、部件或者鐵路線路上的器材，危及行車安全的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 62 Any person who steals spare part (s) or component (s) of a train operation facility installed on a railway line or equipment or material (s) attached to a railway line, thus endangering safe operation of the train, shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六十三條   聚眾攔截列車、沖擊鐵路行車調度機構不聽制止的，對首要分子和骨幹分子依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 63 The major culprit and the core members of persons who gather to assault a railway traffic control office and pay no heed to the order to stop shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六十四條   聚眾哄搶鐵路運輸物資的，對首要分子和骨幹分子依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 64 The major culprit and the core members of persons who try to start a riot and rob goods and materials being transported on railways shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

鐵路職工與其他人員勾結犯前款罪的，從重處罰。

Any railway worker who collaborates with other person or persons in committing the crime as specified in the preceding paragraph shall be subject to a heavier punishment.

第六十五條   在列車內，搶劫旅客財物，傷害旅客的，依照刑法有關規定從重處罰。

Article 65 Any person who, on board a railway train, robs any other passenger of his or her belongings or hurts any other passenger shall be given a heavier punishment in accordance with relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

在列車內，尋釁滋事，侮辱婦女，情節惡劣的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任；敲詐勒索旅客財物的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Any person who, on board a railway train, picks quarrels, stirs up troubles or insults any woman to a flagrant extent shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law; any person who extorts money or other property from any other passenger by blackmail shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六十六條   倒賣旅客車票，構成犯罪的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。鐵路職工倒賣旅客車票或者與其他人員勾結倒賣旅客車票的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 66 Any person who resells railway passenger ticket for profit constituting a crime shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. Any railway worker who resells passenger ticket for profit or who collaborates with other person or persons in reselling passenger ticket, for profit shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六十七條   違反本法規定，尚不夠刑事處罰，應當給予治安管理處罰的，依照治安管理處罰法的規定處罰。

Article 67. Those who violate the provisions of this Law and for whom criminal penalties are insufficient will have public security penalties imposed. These penalties will be imposed in accordance with the provisions of rules regarding public security penalties.

第六十八條   擅自在鐵路線路上鋪設平交道口、人行過道的，由鐵路公安機關或者地方公安機關責令限期拆除，可以並處罰款。

Article 68 Any person or unit that sets up a level crossing or pedestrian cross-walk over a railway track without proper authorization shall be ordered to remove the same within a time limit and may concurrently be imposed a fine by the relevant railway public security organ or the relevant local public security authority.

第六十九條   鐵路運輸企業違反本法規定，多收運費、票款或者旅客、貨物運輸雜費的，必須將多收的費用退還付款人，無法退還的上繳國庫。將多收的費用據為己有或者侵吞私分的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 69 Any railway transport enterprise which, in violation of relevant provisions stipulated in this Law, has collected more than is due in respect of transport tariff, ticket fare or miscellaneous charges for passenger or goods transport must refund the amount overcharged to the relevant payor or turn over the unrefundable amount to the State treasury. Any person who seizes on the amount overcharged as his or her own, or any persons who embezzle or divide the amount overcharged among themselves shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第七十條   鐵路職工利用職務之便走私的，或者與其他人員勾結走私的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 70 Any railway worker who, by taking advantage of his position, engages in smuggling, or collaborates with any other person or persons in smuggling, shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第七十一條   鐵路職工玩忽職守、違反規章制度造成鐵路運營事故的，濫用職權、利用辦理運輸業務之便謀取私利的，給予行政處分；情節嚴重、構成犯罪的，依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 71 Any railway worker who neglects his or her duties or violates relevant rules or regulations and thus causes a railway operational accident, or abuses his or her power or seeks personal gains by taking advantage of handling transport transactions, shall be subjected to disciplinary sanctions; if the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, he or she shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

第六章 附則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第七十二條   本法所稱國家鐵路運輸企業是指鐵路局和鐵路分局。

Article 72 For the purpose of this Law, a State railway transport enterprise means a railway administration or a railway sub-administration.

第七十三條   國務院根據本法制定實施條例。

Article 73 The State Council shall, in accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation.

第七十四條   本法自1991年5月1日起施行。

Article 74 This Law shall enter into force as of May 1, 1991.