法律文本

中华人民共和国人民调解法

Civil Mediation Law of the People's Republic of China

主席令第三十四号

Presidential Decree No. 34

（2010年8月28日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议通过 2010年8月28日公布，自2011年1月1日起施行。）

(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on 28 August 2010, promulgated on 28 August 2010, and effective on 1 January 2011)

目 录

Contents

  第一章 总 则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

  第二章 人民调解委员会

Chapter 2 People's Mediation Committees

  第三章 人民调解员

Chapter 3 People's Mediators

  第四章 调解程序

Chapter 4 Mediation Procedures

  第五章 调解协议

Chapter 5 Mediation Agreement

  第六章 附 则

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第一章 总 则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一条   为了完善人民调解制度，规范人民调解活动，及时解决民间纠纷，维护社会和谐稳定，根据宪法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution with a view to improving the people's mediation system, standardizing people's mediation activities, resolving civil disputes in a timely manner, and maintaining social harmony and stability.

第二条   本法所称人民调解，是指人民调解委员会通过说服、疏导等方法，促使当事人在平等协商基础上自愿达成调解协议，解决民间纠纷的活动。

Article 2 For the purposes of this Law, the term "civil mediation" shall refer to the activities of civil mediation committees in promoting the parties to voluntarily reach mediation agreements through consultation on the basis of equality by persuasion, guidance and other methods to resolve civil disputes.

第三条   人民调解委员会调解民间纠纷，应当遵循下列原则：

Article 3 In mediating disputes among people, civil mediation committees shall observe the following principles:

（一）在当事人自愿、平等的基础上进行调解；

1. Mediating on the basis of willingness and equality of the parties;

（二）不违背法律、法规和国家政策；

(II) No violation of laws, regulations or state policies; and

（三）尊重当事人的权利，不得因调解而阻止当事人依法通过仲裁、行政、司法等途径维护自己的权利。

(III) Respecting the rights of the parties and not preventing the parties from protecting their rights through such channels as arbitration, administration and judicature for the reason of mediation.

第四条   人民调解委员会调解民间纠纷，不收取任何费用。

Article 4 People's mediation committees do not charge any fee for mediating civil disputes.

第五条   国务院司法行政部门负责指导全国的人民调解工作，县级以上地方人民政府司法行政部门负责指导本行政区域的人民调解工作。

Article 5 The judicial administration department under the State Council shall be responsible for guiding the civil mediation work throughout the country and the judicial administration departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for guiding the civil mediation work within their respective administrative regions.

基层人民法院对人民调解委员会调解民间纠纷进行业务指导。

The grassroots people's courts shall provide professional guidance to people's mediation committees in mediating civil disputes.

第六条   国家鼓励和支持人民调解工作。县级以上地方人民政府对人民调解工作所需经费应当给予必要的支持和保障，对有突出贡献的人民调解委员会和人民调解员按照国家规定给予表彰奖励。

Article 6 The state encourages and supports people's mediation work. Local people's governments above the county level should provide necessary support and guarantees in relation to the cost of carrying out people's mediation work. People's mediation committees and people's mediators with outstanding contributions should be commended and rewarded in accordance with State regulations.

第二章 人民调解委员会

Chapter 2 People's Mediation Committees

第七条   人民调解委员会是依法设立的调解民间纠纷的群众性组织。

Article 7 People's mediation committees are mass organizations set up in accordance with the law to mediate civil disputes.

第八条   村民委员会、居民委员会设立人民调解委员会。企业事业单位根据需要设立人民调解委员会。

Article 8 Villagers' committees and residents' committees shall establish civil mediation committees. Enterprises and public institutions may establish civil mediation committees if necessary.

人民调解委员会由委员三至九人组成，设主任一人，必要时，可以设副主任若干人。

A people's mediation committee shall be composed of three to nine members, including one chairman and several vice-chairmen when necessary.

人民调解委员会应当有妇女成员，多民族居住的地区应当有人数较少民族的成员。

The civil mediation committee shall have women members and, in an area where people from more than one ethnic group live, shall have members from a minority ethnic group.

第九条   村民委员会、居民委员会的人民调解委员会委员由村民会议或者村民代表会议、居民会议推选产生；企业事业单位设立的人民调解委员会委员由职工大会、职工代表大会或者工会组织推选产生。

Article 9 Members of the people's mediation committees of villagers' committees and residents' committees shall be elected by the villagers' meetings or meetings of villagers' representatives or residents' meetings; members of the people's mediation committees established by enterprises and institutions shall be elected by workers' congresses, workers' congresses or trade unions.

人民调解委员会委员每届任期三年，可以连选连任。

The tenure of members of people's mediation committees shall be three years and members can be re-elected.

第十条   县级人民政府司法行政部门应当对本行政区域内人民调解委员会的设立情况进行统计，并且将人民调解委员会以及人员组成和调整情况及时通报所在地基层人民法院。

Article 10 The judicial administration department under the people's government at the county level shall make statistics of the establishment of the people's mediation committees within the administrative regions and timely report the information on the people's mediation committees, the personnel composition and adjustment thereof to the local grassroots people's courts.

第十一条   人民调解委员会应当建立健全各项调解工作制度，听取群众意见，接受群众监督。

Article 11 People's mediation committees shall establish and improve various mediation work systems, listen to the opinions of the masses, and accept the supervision of the masses.

第十二条   村民委员会、居民委员会和企业事业单位应当为人民调解委员会开展工作提供办公条件和必要的工作经费。

Article 12 Villagers' committees, residents' committees, enterprises, and public institutions shall provide office conditions and necessary funds for people's mediation committees to carry out their work.

第三章 人民调解员

Chapter 3 People's Mediators

第十三条   人民调解员由人民调解委员会委员和人民调解委员会聘任的人员担任。

Article 13 The post of civil mediators shall be held by members of civil mediation committees and personnel employed by civil mediation committees.

第十四条   人民调解员应当由公道正派、热心人民调解工作，并具有一定文化水平、政策水平和法律知识的成年公民担任。

Article 14 People's mediators should be adult citizens who are impartial, enthusiastic about people's mediation work, of a certain level of education, policy and legal knowledge.

县级人民政府司法行政部门应当定期对人民调解员进行业务培训。

The judicial administrative departments of the people's governments at the county level shall regularly conduct professional training for civil mediators.

第十五条   人民调解员在调解工作中有下列行为之一的，由其所在的人民调解委员会给予批评教育、责令改正，情节严重的，由推选或者聘任单位予以罢免或者解聘：

Article 15 If a civil mediator has any of the following conducts in mediation work, he shall be given criticism and education or be ordered to make corrections; if the circumstances are serious, he shall be removed from office or dismissed by the electing or employing unit:

（一）偏袒一方当事人的；

1. Decide in favor of any party;

（二）侮辱当事人的；

2. insulting a party;

（三）索取、收受财物或者牟取其他不正当利益的；

(III) Soliciting or accepting property or seeking other illegitimate benefits; or

（四）泄露当事人的个人隐私、商业秘密的。

(IV) Divulging any individual privacy or trade secret of a party concerned.

第十六条   人民调解员从事调解工作，应当给予适当的误工补贴；因从事调解工作致伤致残，生活发生困难的，当地人民政府应当提供必要的医疗、生活救助；在人民调解工作岗位上牺牲的人民调解员，其配偶、子女按照国家规定享受抚恤和优待。

Article 16 Appropriate subsidy for loss of working time shall be given to mediators engaging in mediation work; where a mediator is injured or disabled due to engaging in mediation work and has difficulties in life, the local people's government shall provide the necessary medical and living assistance; for a civil mediator who sacrifices his life on the post of civil mediation, the spouse and children thereof shall enjoy pension and preferential treatment in accordance with the provisions of the state.

第四章 调解程序

Chapter 4 Mediation Procedures

第十七条   当事人可以向人民调解委员会申请调解；人民调解委员会也可以主动调解。当事人一方明确拒绝调解的，不得调解。

Article 17 The persons involved can apply for mediation with civil mediation committees; civil mediation committees can also take the initiative to mediate. Where one party explicitly rejects mediation, no mediation may be conducted.

第十八条   基层人民法院、公安机关对适宜通过人民调解方式解决的纠纷，可以在受理前告知当事人向人民调解委员会申请调解。

Article 18 The grassroots People's Courts and public security organs may inform the persons involved to apply to civil mediation committees for mediation with regard to disputes that are suitable to be resolved through civil mediation before accepting the cases.

第十九条   人民调解委员会根据调解纠纷的需要，可以指定一名或者数名人民调解员进行调解，也可以由当事人选择一名或者数名人民调解员进行调解。

Article 19 In light of the needs for mediating disputes, civil mediation committees may designate one or several civil mediators to conduct mediation and the parties may also select one or several civil mediators to conduct mediation.

第二十条   人民调解员根据调解纠纷的需要，在征得当事人的同意后，可以邀请当事人的亲属、邻里、同事等参与调解，也可以邀请具有专门知识、特定经验的人员或者有关社会组织的人员参与调解。

Article 20 In light of the needs for mediating disputes and after obtaining the consent of the parties, civil mediators may invite relatives, neighbors, colleagues, etc. of the parties to participate in the mediation and also may invite persons with specialized knowledge and specific experience or personnel of relevant social organizations to participate in the mediation.

人民调解委员会支持当地公道正派、热心调解、群众认可的社会人士参与调解。

People's mediation committees support local people who are just, decent, enthusiastic about mediation, and recognized by the masses to take part in mediation.

第二十一条   人民调解员调解民间纠纷，应当坚持原则，明法析理，主持公道。

Article 21 When mediating disputes among people, civil mediators shall stick to principles, explain laws and bring out reasons, and uphold justice.

调解民间纠纷，应当及时、就地进行，防止矛盾激化。

The mediation of disputes among people shall be conducted timely and on the spot to prevent the aggravation of conflicts.

第二十二条   人民调解员根据纠纷的不同情况，可以采取多种方式调解民间纠纷，充分听取当事人的陈述，讲解有关法律、法规和国家政策，耐心疏导，在当事人平等协商、互谅互让的基础上提出纠纷解决方案，帮助当事人自愿达成调解协议。

Article 22 In light of the different circumstances of disputes, civil mediators may adopt various methods to mediate civil disputes, fully listen to the statements of the parties, explain relevant laws, regulations and state policies, patiently provide guidance, propose dispute resolution solutions based on the equal consultation and mutual understanding and mutual accommodation to help the parties to reach a mediation agreement voluntarily.

第二十三条   当事人在人民调解活动中享有下列权利：

Article 23 The persons involved enjoy the following rights in civil mediation activities:

（一）选择或者接受人民调解员；

1. selecting or accepting civil mediators;

（二）接受调解、拒绝调解或者要求终止调解；

2. to accept mediation, refuse mediation or request the termination of mediation;

（三）要求调解公开进行或者不公开进行；

(III) Requiring mediation to be conducted in public or in a private manner;

（四）自主表达意愿、自愿达成调解协议。

(IV) Independently expressing intentions and voluntarily reaching a mediation agreement.

第二十四条   当事人在人民调解活动中履行下列义务：

Article 24 The parties shall perform the following obligations in civil mediation activities:

（一）如实陈述纠纷事实；

1. Truthfully state the facts of the dispute;

（二）遵守调解现场秩序，尊重人民调解员；

(II) Observe the order at the mediation site and respect civil mediators;

（三）尊重对方当事人行使权利。

(III) Respect the exercise of rights by the opposing party.

第二十五条   人民调解员在调解纠纷过程中，发现纠纷有可能激化的，应当采取有针对性的预防措施；对有可能引起治安案件、刑事案件的纠纷，应当及时向当地公安机关或者其他有关部门报告。

Article 25 In the process of mediating disputes, if civil mediators find that the disputes may become intensive, they shall take pertinent preventive measures; for disputes that may give rise to security cases or criminal cases, they shall promptly report to local public security organs or other relevant departments.

第二十六条   人民调解员调解纠纷，调解不成的，应当终止调解，并依据有关法律、法规的规定，告知当事人可以依法通过仲裁、行政、司法等途径维护自己的权利。

Article 26 In the mediation of disputes, if the mediation fails, civil mediators shall terminate the mediation and, in accordance with provisions of relevant laws and regulations, inform the parties of rights to defend their rights through such channels as arbitration, administration and judicature.

第二十七条   人民调解员应当记录调解情况。人民调解委员会应当建立调解工作档案，将调解登记、调解工作记录、调解协议书等材料立卷归档。

Article 27 Civil mediators shall record the mediation information. The civil mediation committee shall establish mediation work archives and put the mediation registration, mediation work records, mediation agreement and other materials on file.

第五章 调解协议

Chapter 5 Mediation Agreement

第二十八条   经人民调解委员会调解达成调解协议的，可以制作调解协议书。当事人认为无需制作调解协议书的，可以采取口头协议方式，人民调解员应当记录协议内容。

Article 28 Where a mediation agreement is reached as a result of mediation efforts of a people's mediation committee, a mediation agreement letter may be prepared. If the parties deem it unnecessary to prepare a written mediation agreement, oral agreement may be adopted and the content thereof shall be recorded by civil mediators.

第二十九条   调解协议书可以载明下列事项：

Article 29 A written mediation agreement may specify the following matters:

（一）当事人的基本情况；

1. basic information of the Parties concerned;

（二）纠纷的主要事实、争议事项以及各方当事人的责任；

(II) the main facts of the dispute, the dispute matter and the liability of the parties; and

（三）当事人达成调解协议的内容，履行的方式、期限。

(III) The contents, and the methods and time limit for the parties to reach a mediation agreement.

调解协议书自各方当事人签名、盖章或者按指印，人民调解员签名并加盖人民调解委员会印章之日起生效。调解协议书由当事人各执一份，人民调解委员会留存一份。

The mediation agreement shall take effect on the day when it is signed or affixed with the seal or fingerprint of all parties, signed by civil mediators, and affixed with the seal of the civil mediation committee. Each of the parties shall keep one copy of the mediation agreement and the people's mediation committee shall keep one copy.

第三十条   口头调解协议自各方当事人达成协议之日起生效。

Article 30 The oral mediation agreement shall take effect on the date when the parties reach the agreement.

第三十一条   经人民调解委员会调解达成的调解协议，具有法律约束力，当事人应当按照约定履行。

Article 31 A mediation agreement reached as a result of mediation efforts of a people's mediation committee is legally binding and should be implemented by the parties as agreed.

人民调解委员会应当对调解协议的履行情况进行监督，督促当事人履行约定的义务。

The civil mediation committee shall supervise the performance of the mediation agreement and urge the parties to perform the stipulated obligations.

第三十二条   经人民调解委员会调解达成调解协议后，当事人之间就调解协议的履行或者调解协议的内容发生争议的，一方当事人可以向人民法院提起诉讼。

Article 32 Where the parties concerned are in dispute over the performance or contents of a mediation agreement after a mediation agreement has been reached as a result of mediation efforts of a people's mediation committee, one party may file a lawsuit with a people's court.

第三十三条   经人民调解委员会调解达成调解协议后，双方当事人认为有必要的，可以自调解协议生效之日起三十日内共同向人民法院申请司法确认，人民法院应当及时对调解协议进行审查，依法确认调解协议的效力。

Article 33 After reaching a mediation agreement through the mediation of the civil mediation committee, both parties may, if they deem necessary, jointly apply to the people's court for judicial confirmation within 30 days after the mediation agreement takes effect. The people's court shall timely examine the mediation agreement and confirm the effectiveness of the mediation agreement in accordance with the law.

人民法院依法确认调解协议有效，一方当事人拒绝履行或者未全部履行的，对方当事人可以向人民法院申请强制执行。

After the people's court has confirmed the validity of the mediation agreement in accordance with the law, if one party refuses to perform or fails to fully perform the agreement, the other party may apply to the people's court for enforcement.

人民法院依法确认调解协议无效的，当事人可以通过人民调解方式变更原调解协议或者达成新的调解协议，也可以向人民法院提起诉讼。

Where the People's Court confirms pursuant to the law that a mediation agreement is invalid, the parties concerned may amend the original mediation agreement through People's mediation or enter into a new mediation agreement, or file a lawsuit with a People's Court.

第六章 附 则

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第三十四条   乡镇、街道以及社会团体或者其他组织根据需要可以参照本法有关规定设立人民调解委员会，调解民间纠纷。

Article 34 Townships, sub-districts, social groups and other organizations may establish civil mediation committees as required by the relevant provisions of this Law for the mediation of disputes among people.

第三十五条   本法自2011年1月1日起施行。

Article 35 This Law shall be effective 1 January 2011.