法律文本

中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法（2012修正）

CHINA MINOR PREVENTION LAW (2012 Revision)

（1999年6月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议通过 1999年6月28日中华人民共和国主席令第17号公布 自1999年11月1日起施行 根据2012年10月26日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议通过 2012年10月26日中华人民共和国主席令第66号公布 自2013年1月1日起施行的《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改〈中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法〉的决定》修正）

(Adopted at the 10th Session of the Standing Committee of the 9th National People's Congress on June 28, 1999, promulgated under the Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 17 on June 28, 1999, and effective as of November 1, 1999; and revised according to the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Revising the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency adopted at the 29th Session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on October 26, 2012, promulgated under the Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 66 on October 26, 2012, and effective as of January 1, 2013)

目录

Contents

  第一章 总则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

  第二章 预防未成年人犯罪的教育

Chapter II Education in the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

  第三章 对未成年人不良行为的预防

Chapter 3 Prevention of Juvenile Misbehavior

  第四章 对未成年人严重不良行为的矫治

Chapter 4 Rectification and Treatment of Serious Juvenile Misbehavior

  第五章 未成年人对犯罪的自我防范

Chapter 5 Self-protection of Minors against Crimes

  第六章 对未成年人重新犯罪的预防

Chapter 6 Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

  第七章 法律责任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

  第八章 附则

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第一章 总则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一条   为了保障未成年人身心健康，培养未成年人良好品行，有效地预防未成年人犯罪，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring that juveniles are physically and mentally healthy, helping juveniles cultivate good conduct and effectively preventing juvenile delinquency.

第二条   预防未成年人犯罪，立足于教育和保护，从小抓起，对未成年人的不良行为及时进行预防和矫治。

Article 2 The prevention of juvenile delinquency shall be based on education and protection, the work shall be started with school children and efforts shall be made to prevent, rectify and treat juvenile misbehavior before it is too late.

第三条   预防未成年人犯罪，在各级人民政府组织领导下，实行综合治理。

Article 3 Juvenile delinquency shall be prevented in a comprehensive way under the organization and leadership of the people's governments at all levels.

政府有关部门、司法机关、人民团体、有关社会团体、学校、家庭、城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会等各方面共同参与，各负其责，做好预防未成年人犯罪工作，为未成年人身心健康发展创造良好的社会环境。

The government departments concerned, judicial organs, people's organizations, relevant public organizations, schools, families, neighborhood committees in cities and villagers committees in the countryside, etc. shall join efforts and take their respective responsibilities in preventing juvenile delinquency, and creating a good social environment for the physical and mental health of juveniles.

第四条   各级人民政府在预防未成年人犯罪方面的职责是：

Article 4 People's governments at all levels shall perform the following functions and duties in preventing juvenile delinquency:

（一）制定预防未成年人犯罪工作的规划；

1. to formulate plans for prevention of juvenile delinquency;

（二）组织、协调公安、教育、文化、新闻出版、广播电影电视、工商、民政、司法行政等政府有关部门和其他社会组织进行预防未成年人犯罪工作；

(II) to organize and coordinate efforts of the relevant government departments for public security, education, culture, the press, publishing, radio, film and television, industry and commerce, civil affairs, and judicial administration, and other public organizations in preventing juvenile delinquency;

（三）对本法实施的情况和工作规划的执行情况进行检查；

(III) to inspect the implementation of this Law and of work plans; and

（四）总结、推广预防未成年人犯罪工作的经验，树立、表彰先进典型。

(IV) to analyze and disseminate the experience gained in prevention of juvenile delinquency, and set up and commend advanced units and individuals.

第五条   预防未成年人犯罪，应当结合未成年人不同年龄的生理、心理特点，加强青春期教育、心理矫治和预防犯罪对策的研究。

Article 5 For prevention of juvenile delinquency, research on education in puberty, psychological corrections and measures for prevention of crimes shall be improved in light of the physiological and psychological characteristics of juveniles at different ages.

第二章 预防未成年人犯罪的教育

Chapter II Education in the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

第六条   对未成年人应当加强思想、道德、法制和爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义教育。对于达到义务教育年龄的未成年人，在进行上述教育的同时，应当进行预防犯罪的教育。

Article 6 Juveniles shall be educated in ideology, morality, the legal system as well as in patriotism, collectivism and socialism. Juveniles who have reached the age of receiving compulsory education shall, at the same time of receiving the above-mentioned education, receive education in crime prevention.

预防未成年人犯罪的教育的目的，是增强未成年人的法制观念，使未成年人懂得违法和犯罪行为对个人、家庭、社会造成的危害，违法和犯罪行为应当承担的法律责任，树立遵纪守法和防范违法犯罪的意识。

Education for prevention of juvenile delinquency is for the purpose of enhancing juveniles' legal conceptions, helping them heed the harm done to themselves, their families and the community by their violations of law and criminal actions and become aware of the legal responsibilities incurred by such violations and actions and of the importance of obeying rules of discipline and laws and preventing themselves from breaking laws and committing crimes.

第七条   教育行政部门、学校应当将预防犯罪的教育作为法制教育的内容纳入学校教育教学计划，结合常见多发的未成年人犯罪，对不同年龄的未成年人进行有针对性的预防犯罪教育。

Article 7 The administrative departments for education and schools shall incorporate the education for prevention of crimes into school plans for education and teaching as the content of legal education, and shall, in combination with the common and frequently-occurring cases of juvenile delinquency, educate juveniles of different ages in prevention of delinquency respectively.

第八条   司法行政部门、教育行政部门、共产主义青年团、少年先锋队应当结合实际，组织、举办展览会、报告会、演讲会等多种形式的预防未成年人犯罪的法制宣传活动。

Article 8 Judicial administration departments, administrative departments for education and the Communist Youth League and Young Pioneers organizations shall, in light of specific conditions, arrange and hold exhibitions, give reports and lectures, and arrange other forms of activities to disseminate the legal system with emphasis on prevention of juvenile delinquency.

学校应当结合实际举办以预防未成年人犯罪的教育为主要内容的活动。教育行政部门应当将预防未成年人犯罪教育的工作效果作为考核学校工作的一项重要内容。

Schools shall, in light of specific conditions, hold activities with education for prevention of juvenile delinquency as the main content. The administrative departments for education shall take the results of education for prevention of juvenile delinquency as an important part of assessment of school work.

第九条   学校应当聘任从事法制教育的专职或者兼职教师。学校根据条件可以聘请校外法律辅导员。

Article 9 Schools shall engage full-time or part-time teachers for legal education. The school may engage legal counselor after school based on the condition.

第十条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人对未成年人的法制教育负有直接责任。学校在对学生进行预防犯罪教育时，应当将教育计划告知未成年人的父母或者其他监护人，未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当结合学校的计划，针对具体情况进行教育。

Article 10 Parents and other guardians of juveniles shall take direct responsibility for giving legal education to juveniles. Schools that conduct education among students in prevention of crimes, shall make their plans for such education known to the parents and other guardians of the juveniles, who shall carry out the education in combination with the school plans and according to specific conditions.

第十一条   少年宫、青少年活动中心等校外活动场所应当把预防未成年人犯罪的教育作为一项重要的工作内容，开展多种形式的宣传教育活动。

Article 11 Authorities of Children's Palaces, recreation centers for juveniles and other places for out-of-school activities shall take education for prevention of juvenile delinquency as an important part of their work and carry out various forms of publicity and education activities in this respect.

第十二条   对于已满十六周岁不满十八周岁准备就业的未成年人，职业教育培训机构、用人单位应当将法律知识和预防犯罪教育纳入职业培训的内容。

Article 12 For juveniles who have reached the age of 16 but are under the age of 18 and who are preparing for employment, vocational education and training institutions and employers shall include legal knowledge and education for prevention of crimes in vocational training.

第十三条   城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会应当积极开展有针对性的预防未成年人犯罪的法制宣传活动。

Article 13 The neighborhood committees in cities and villagers' committees in the countryside shall carry out activities for the publicity of the legal system with stress on prevention of juvenile delinquency.

第三章 对未成年人不良行为的预防

Chapter 3 Prevention of Juvenile Misbehavior

第十四条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人和学校应当教育未成年人不得有下列不良行为：

Article 14 The parents and other guardians of juveniles and schools shall advise juveniles to keep from the following kinds of misbehavior:

（一）旷课、夜不归宿；

1. being absent from class or staying overnight;

（二）携带管制刀具；

2. carrying controlled knives;

（三）打架斗殴、辱骂他人；

(III) Brawling and abusing others;

（四）强行向他人索要财物；

(IV) forcibly demanding money or things of value from others;

（五）偷窃、故意毁坏财物；

(V) Stealing or intentionally destroying properties;

（六）参与赌博或者变相赌博；

(VI) taking part in gambling or gambling in disguised form;

（七）观看、收听色情、淫秽的音像制品、读物等；

(VII) watching or listening in to pornographic or obscene audio-video products, or reading such things;

（八）进入法律、法规规定未成年人不适宜进入的营业性歌舞厅等场所；

(VIII) entering commercial singing and dancing halls and other such places that are not suitable for juveniles as prescribed by laws and regulations; and

（九）其他严重违背社会公德的不良行为。

(IX) other kinds of misbehavior that seriously contradict social morality.

第十五条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人和学校应当教育未成年人不得吸烟、酗酒。任何经营场所不得向未成年人出售烟酒。

Article 15 The parents and other guardians of juveniles and schools shall advise juveniles to keep from smoking and getting drunk. No trade places may sell cigarettes or alcohol to minors.

第十六条   中小学生旷课的，学校应当及时与其父母或者其他监护人取得联系。

Article 16 where middle or primary school students play truant, the school shall get in touch with their parents or other guardians without delay.

未成年人擅自外出夜不归宿的，其父母或者其他监护人、其所在的寄宿制学校应当及时查找，或者向公安机关请求帮助。收留夜不归宿的未成年人的，应当征得其父母或者其他监护人的同意，或者在二十四小时内及时通知其父母或者其他监护人、所在学校或者及时向公安机关报告。

Where juveniles stay out at night without permission, their parents or other guardians, or the boarding school concerned shall look for them without delay, or approach a public security organ for help. Whoever allows a juvenile to stay at his or her place at night shall obtain permission of the juvenile's parents or other guardians in advance, or inform them or the school concerned of the matter within 24 hours, or report to a public security organ without delay.

第十七条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人和学校发现未成年人组织或者参加实施不良行为的团伙的，应当及时予以制止。发现该团伙有违法犯罪行为的，应当向公安机关报告。

Article 17 When parents or other guardians of juveniles and schools find that juveniles organize or join gangs that perpetrate misbehavior, they shall stop the juveniles promptly. When they find that the gangs have violated laws or committed criminal offences, they shall report the matter to public security organs.

第十八条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人和学校发现有人教唆、胁迫、引诱未成年人违法犯罪的，应当向公安机关报告。公安机关接到报告后，应当及时依法查处，对未成年人人身安全受到威胁的，应当及时采取有效措施，保护其人身安全。

Article 18 When parents or other guardians of juveniles and schools find that juveniles are instigated or coerced to perpetrate or lured into illegal or criminal actions, they shall report the matter to public security organs. After receiving the report, the public security organ shall immediately investigate and deal with the case in accordance with law and, where the personal safety of a minor is endangered, shall promptly take effective measures to protect his personal safety.

第十九条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人，不得让不满十六周岁的未成年人脱离监护单独居住。

Article 19 Parents or other guardians of juveniles may not allow juveniles under the age of 16 to be free from their guardianship and live alone.

第二十条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人对未成年人不得放任不管，不得迫使其离家出走，放弃监护职责。

Article 20 Parents or other guardians of juveniles may not give a free rein the juveniles, compel them to run away from home, or discard their duty of guardianship.

未成年人离家出走的，其父母或者其他监护人应当及时查找，或者向公安机关请求帮助。

Where juveniles run away from home, their parents and other guardians shall look for them without delay, or approach public security organs for help.

第二十一条   未成年人的父母离异的，离异双方对子女都有教育的义务，任何一方都不得因离异而不履行教育子女的义务。

Article 21 Where the parents of juveniles are divorced, both parties shall have the duty to educate their children, and neither party may fail to perform such duty on the pretext of divorce.

第二十二条   继父母、养父母对受其抚养教育的未成年继子女、养子女、应当履行本法规定的父母对未成年子女在预防犯罪方面的职责。

Article 22 The stepparents and adoptive parents shall perform the same duty for the adolescent children they are supporting and educating as the duty performed by parents to their adolescent children in prevention of crimes, as prescribed by this Law.

第二十三条   学校对有不良行为的未成年人应当加强教育、管理，不得歧视。

Article 23 Schools shall enforce education and administration among juveniles who are involved in misbehavior and may not discriminate against them.

第二十四条   教育行政部门、学校应当举办各种形式的讲座、座谈、培训等活动，针对未成年人不同时期的生理、心理特点，介绍良好有效的教育方法，指导教师、未成年人的父母和其他监护人有效地防止、矫治未成年人的不良行为。

Article 24 The administrative departments for education and schools shall hold various forms of activities like lectures, informal discussions and training programs to make known to the participants good, effective educational methods in light of the physiological and psychological characteristics of juveniles in different stages of growth and to show the teachers, the parents of juveniles and other guardians how to effectively prevent, and rectify and treat juveniles' misbehavior.

第二十五条   对于教唆、胁迫、引诱未成年人实施不良行为或者品行不良，影响恶劣，不适宜在学校工作的教职员工，教育行政部门、学校应当予以解聘或者辞退；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 25 Where teachers, administrators or workers instigate or coerce juveniles to perpetrate or lure them into misbehavior, or where these people are ill-behaved, have a baneful influence on and are not suitable for school work, the administrative departments for education and the school authorities shall dismiss or discharge them; where a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with law.

第二十六条   禁止在中小学校附近开办营业性歌舞厅、营业性电子游戏场所以及其他未成年人不适宜进入的场所。禁止开办上述场所的具体范围由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定。

Article 26 It is prohibited to set up commercial singing and dancing halls, commercial electronic games centers and other places that are not suitable for juveniles in the neighborhood of middle or primary schools. The specific scope of premises prohibited from being established shall be stipulated by the People's Governments of provinces, autonomous regions and centrally-administered municipalities.

对本法施行前已在中小学校附近开办上述场所的，应当限期迁移或者停业。

The halls, centers and places set up before this Law goes into effect shall be moved to other areas or closed down within a time limit.

第二十七条   公安机关应当加强中小学校周围环境的治安管理，及时制止、处理中小学校周围发生的违法犯罪行为。城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会应当协助公安机关做好维护中小学校周围治安的工作。

Article 27 Public security organs shall tighten control for public security around middle and primary schools, promptly stop and deal with illegal or criminal actions that are committed around such schools. The neighborhood committees in cities and villagers' committees in the countryside shall assist public security organs in successfully maintaining public security around middle and primary schools.

第二十八条   公安派出所、城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会应当掌握本辖区内暂住人口中未成年人的就学、就业情况。对于暂住人口中未成年人实施不良行为的，应当督促其父母或者其他监护人进行有效的教育、制止。

Article 28 Public security stations, neighborhood committees in cities and villagers' committees in the countryside shall keep tabs on the schooling and employment of juveniles among temporary resident populations in their administrative areas. With regard to juveniles among temporary resident populations who perpetrate misbehavior, they shall urge the parents and other guardians of the juveniles to educate the juveniles effectively and to stop their misbehavior.

第二十九条   任何人不得教唆、胁迫、引诱未成年人实施本法规定的不良行为，或者为未成年人实施不良行为提供条件。

Article 29 No one may instigate or coerce juvenile to perpetrate or lure them into misbehavior prescribed by this Law, or provide conditions for them to perpetrate misbehavior.

第三十条   以未成年人为对象的出版物，不得含有诱发未成年人违法犯罪的内容，不得含有渲染暴力、色情、赌博、恐怖活动等危害未成年人身心健康的内容。

Article 30 Publications meant for juveniles may not contain such contents as may induce juveniles to violate law or commit criminal offenses, or such contents as may impair the physical and mental health of juveniles' contents that exaggerate violence, pornography, gambling, terror, etc.

第三十一条   任何单位和个人不得向未成年人出售、出租含有诱发未成年人违法犯罪以及渲染暴力、色情、赌博、恐怖活动等危害未成年人身心健康内容的读物、音像制品或者电子出版物。

Article 31 No unit or individual may sell or loan to juveniles publications, audio-video products or electronic publications which contain such contents as may induce juveniles to violate laws or commit criminal offenses, and such contents as may impair the physical and mental health of juveniles, contents that exaggerate violence, pornography, gambling, terror, etc.

任何单位和个人不得利用通讯、计算机网络等方式提供前款规定的危害未成年人身心健康的内容及其信息。

No unit or individual may, by means of telecommunications, computer network, etc., provide such contents and information about such contents that may impair the physical and mental health of minors as prescribed in the preceding paragraph.

第三十二条   广播、电影、电视、戏剧节目，不得有渲染暴力、色情、赌博、恐怖活动等危害未成年人身心健康的内容。

Article 32 No programs of radio, film, TV and drama may contain such contents as may impair the physical and mental health of juveniles, contents that exaggerate violence, pornography, gambling, terror, etc.

广播电影电视行政部门、文化行政部门必须加强对广播、电影、电视、戏剧节目以及各类演播场所的管理。

The administrative departments for radio, film and television and the administrative departments for culture shall strengthen administration of the programs of radio, film, TV and drama and the various showplaces.

第三十三条   营业性歌舞厅以及其他未成年人不适宜进入的场所、应当设置明显的未成年人禁止进入标志，不得允许未成年人进入。

Article 33 Around commercial singing and dancing halls and other places that are not suitable for juveniles, conspicuous no-admittance signs for juveniles shall be put up, and no juveniles may be admitted into such places.

营业性电子游戏场所在国家法定节假日外，不得允许未成年人进入，并应当设置明显的未成年人禁止进入标志。

Juveniles may not be admitted into commercial electronic games centers except during festivals and holidays specified by the State, and conspicuous no-admittance signs for Juveniles shall be put up there.

对于难以判明是否已成年的，上述场所的工作人员可以要求其出示身份证件。

Where it is difficult to judge whether a person is juvenile or not, the worker of such a center may ask person to show his identity card.

第四章 对未成年人严重不良行为的矫治

Chapter 4 Rectification and Treatment of Serious Juvenile Misbehavior

第三十四条   本法所称“严重不良行为”，是指下列严重危害社会，尚不够刑事处罚的违法行为：

Article 34 "Serious misbehavior" as used in this Law refers to the following illegal actions that do serious harm to the community but are not serious enough for criminal punishment:

（一）纠集他人结伙滋事，扰乱治安；

1. gathering people to create disturbance, and disrupting public order;

（二）携带管制刀具，屡教不改；

2. carrying controlled knives and refusing to stop doing so after repeated criticisms;

（三）多次拦截殴打他人或者强行索要他人财物；

(III) holding up and beating people many times or forcibly demanding money or things of value from others;

（四）传播淫秽的读物或者音像制品等；

4. disseminating obscene publications or audio-video products, etc.;

（五）进行淫乱或者色情、卖淫活动；

(V) engaging in licentious or pornographic activities or prostitution;

（六）多次偷窃；

(VI) Committing theft repeatedly;

（七）参与赌博，屡教不改；

(VII) taking part in gambling and refusing to stop doing so after repeated criticisms;

（八）吸食、注射毒品；

(VIII) ingesting or injecting drugs; and

（九）其他严重危害社会的行为。

(IX) Other acts that seriously endanger the society.

第三十五条   对未成年人实施本法规定的严重不良行为的，应当及时予以制止。

Article 35 When juveniles are found to perpetrate the serious misbehavior as prescribed by this Law, they shall be stopped doing so without delay.

对有本法规定严重不良行为的未成年人，其父母或者其他监护人和学校应当相互配合，采取措施严加管教，也可以送工读学校进行矫治和接受教育。

When juveniles are found to perpetrate serious misbehavior as prescribed by this Law, their parents or other guardians and the schools concerned shall coordinate their efforts and take measures to subject them to strict discipline, or may send them to work-study schools for rectification or treatment, and for education.

对未成年人送工读学校进行矫治和接受教育，应当由其父母或者其他监护人，或者原所在学校提出申请，经教育行政部门批准。

To send juveniles to work-study schools for rectification or treatment, and for education, their parents or other guardians or their former schools shall submit applications for approval to the administrative departments for education.

第三十六条   工读学校对就读的未成年人应当严格管理和教育。工读学校除按照义务教育法的要求，在课程设置上与普通学校相同外，应当加强法制教育的内容，针对未成年人严重不良行为产生的原因以及有严重不良行为的未成年人的心理特点，开展矫治工作。

Article 36 Work-study schools shall impose strict control on and enforce education among the juveniles who study there. They shall, in addition to the same courses offered by ordinary schools, as required by the Law on Compulsory Education, put emphasis on education in the legal system and help the juveniles to rectify or treat their serious misbehavior in light of the causes for such misbehavior and the psychological characteristics of the juveniles.

家庭、学校应当关心、爱护在工读学校就读的未成年人，尊重他们的人格尊严，不得体罚、虐待和歧视。工读学校毕业的未成年人在升学、就业等方面，同普通学校毕业的学生享有同等的权利，任何单位和个人不得歧视。

Families and schools shall show concern for and take good care of the juveniles who study in work-study schools and respect their personality and dignity, and may not impose corporal punishment on, maltreat, or discriminate against them. Juveniles who graduate from work-study schools shall enjoy equal rights with students who graduate from ordinary schools in entering schools of a higher grade and in employment, and no unit or individual may discriminate against them.

第三十七条   未成年人有本法规定严重不良行为，构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法予以治安处罚。因不满十四周岁或者情节特别轻微免予处罚的，可以予以训诫。

Article 37 Juveniles who perpetrate serious misbehaviors, as specified in this Law, that constitute violations of the regulations governing public security shall be punished for public security by public security organs according to law. Juveniles who are exempted from punishment because they have not reached the age of 14 or the circumstances are especially minor may be subjected to reprimand.

第三十八条   未成年人因不满十六周岁不予刑事处罚的，责令他的父母或者其他监护人严加管教；在必要的时候，也可以由政府依法收容教养。

Article 38 Where Juveniles are not given criminal punishment because they have not reached the age of 16, their parents or other guardians shall be ordered to subject them to strict discipline; when necessary, they may also be sheltered for correction by governments in accordance with law.

第三十九条   未成年人在被收容教养期间，执行机关应当保证其继续接受文化知识、法律知识或者职业技术教育；对没有完成义务教育的未成年人，执行机关应当保证其继续接受义务教育。

Article 39 During the period when juveniles are sheltered for correction, the executing organs shall make sure that they continue to receive education in cultural and legal knowledge or vocational techniques; for those who have not finished compulsory education, the executing organs shall make sure that they continue to receive such education.

解除收容教养、劳动教养的未成年人，在复学、升学、就业等方面与其他未成年人享有同等权利，任何单位和个人不得歧视。

Juveniles who are released from sheltering for correction or from reeducation through labor shall enjoy equal rights with other Juveniles in going back to school and entering schools of a higher grade and in employment, and no unit or individual may discriminate against them.

第五章 未成年人对犯罪的自我防范

Chapter 5 Self-protection of Minors against Crimes

第四十条   未成年人应当遵守法律、法规及社会公共道德规范，树立自尊、自律、自强意识，增强辨别是非和自我保护的能力，自觉抵制各种不良行为及违法犯罪行为的引诱和侵害。

Article 40 Juveniles shall observe laws and regulations and live up to the standards of public morality, be aware of the importance of self-esteem, self-discipline and self-improvement, increase their ability to distinguish between right and wrong and protect themselves, and resist of their own volition any inducement to and corrosive influence by various misbehavior and illegal and criminal actions.

第四十一条   被父母或者其他监护人遗弃、虐待的未成年人，有权向公安机关、民政部门、共产主义青年团、妇女联合会、未成年人保护组织或者学校、城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会请求保护。被请求的上述部门和组织都应当接受，根据情况需要采取救助措施的，应当先采取救助措施。

Article 41 Juveniles who are abandoned or maltreated by their parents or other guardians shall have the right to request public security organs, administrative departments for civil affairs, organizations of the Communist Youth League, women's federations, organizations for protection of juveniles or schools, neighborhood committee in cities, or villagers' committees in the countryside to furnish them protection. The departments or organizations mentioned above that are request for help shall accept the request and take measures to help the juveniles immediately where necessary.

第四十二条   未成年人发现任何人对自己或者对其他未成年人实施本法第三章规定不得实施的行为或者犯罪行为，可以通过所在学校、其父母或者其他监护人向公安机关或者政府有关主管部门报告，也可以自己向上述机关报告。受理报告的机关应当及时依法查处。

Article 42 When juveniles find that anyone perpetuates actions prohibited by the provisions in Chapter III of this Law or commits criminal offenses against themselves or other juveniles, they may report to public security organs or competent government departments through their schools, their parents or other guardians, and they themselves may do so too. The authorities which accept the report shall promptly investigate and handle the matter pursuant to the law.

第四十三条   对同犯罪行为作斗争以及举报犯罪行为的未成年人，司法机关、学校、社会应当加强保护，保障其不受打击报复。

Article 43 Judicial organs, schools and the community shall give especial protection to juveniles who fight and report against criminal offenses and ensure that they are free from retaliation.

第六章 对未成年人重新犯罪的预防

Chapter 6 Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

第四十四条   对犯罪的未成年人追究刑事责任，实行教育、感化、挽救方针，坚持教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则。

Article 44 In investigating juveniles who have committed criminal offenses investigating for criminal responsibility, the guidelines of enlightenment, persuasion and reformation and the principle of taking enlightenment as the dominant factor while making punishment subsidiary shall be adhered to.

司法机关办理未成年人犯罪案件，应当保障未成年人行使其诉讼权利，保障未成年人得到法律帮助，并根据未成年人的生理、心理特点和犯罪的情况，有针对性地进行法制教育。

When handling cases involving juvenile delinquency, judicial organs shall guarantee that juveniles exercise their procedural rights and get legal assistance, and enlighten them on the legal system in accordance with the physiological and psychological characteristics of juveniles and the circumstances under which they commit the criminal offenses.

对于被采取刑事强制措施的未成年学生，在人民法院的判决生效以前，不得取消其学籍。

Juvenile students against whom mandatory penal measures are taken may not be struck off the school roll before the verdicts of the People's Courts go into effect.

第四十五条   人民法院审判未成年人犯罪的刑事案件，应当由熟悉未成年人身心特点的审判员或者审判员和人民陪审员依法组成少年法庭进行。

Article 45 Trials of criminal cases involving juvenile delinquency in a People's Court shall be conducted by a juvenile court formed, in accordance with law, by judges who are familiar with the physical and mental characteristics of juveniles or of such judges and people's assessors.

对于审判的时候被告人不满十八周岁的刑事案件，不公开审理。

A criminal case which the defendant is under the age of 18 at the time of the trial shall not be heard in public.

对未成年人犯罪案件，新闻报道、影视节目、公开出版物不得披露该未成年人的姓名、住所、照片及可能推断出该未成年人的资料。

For cases involving criminal offenses committed by juveniles, no names, dwelling places, photos nor materials from which people can tell who the juveniles are may be disclosed in news reports, film and television programs and publications.

第四十六条   对被拘留、逮捕和执行刑罚的未成年人与成年人应当分别关押、分别管理、分别教育。未成年犯在被执行刑罚期间，执行机关应当加强对未成年犯的法制教育，对未成年犯进行职业技术教育。对没有完成义务教育的未成年犯，执行机关应当保证其继续接受义务教育。

Article 46 Juveniles who are detained or arrested or who are serving their sentences shall be jailed, administered and educated separately from adults. During the period when juvenile delinquents are serving their sentences, the executing organ shall enforce legal education and conduct vocational and technical training among them. For juvenile delinquents who have not finished compulsory education, the executing organ shall ensure that they continue to receive such education.

第四十七条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人和学校、城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会、对因不满十六周岁而不予刑事处罚、免予刑事处罚的未成年人，或者被判处非监禁刑罚、被判处刑罚宣告缓刑、被假释的未成年人，应当采取有效的帮教措施，协助司法机关做好对未成年人的教育、挽救工作。

Article 47 Parents and other guardians of juveniles, schools, neighborhood committees in cities and villagers' committees in the countryside shall take effective measures to help educate juveniles who are not given or are exempted from criminal punishment because they have not reached the age of 16 and juveniles who are sentenced to criminal punishment of non-imprisonment or to criminal punishment with a suspension of execution or who are released on parole, in order to assist judicial organs in a successful educating and reforming the juveniles.

城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会可以聘请思想品德优秀，作风正派，热心未成年人教育工作的离退休人员或其他人员协助做好对前款规定的未成年人的教育、挽救工作。

The neighborhood committees in cities or villagers' committees in the countryside may engage retired persons or other persons who are exemplary in their ideology and moral character, honest and upright and enthusiastic about educational work among juveniles, to assist them in doing a good job of educating and reform the juveniles mentioned in the preceding paragraph.

第四十八条   依法免予刑事处罚、判处非监禁刑罚、判处刑罚宣告缓刑、假释或者刑罚执行完毕的未成年人，在复学、升学、就业等方面与其他未成年人享有同等权利，任何单位和个人不得歧视。

Article 48 Juveniles who, in accordance with law, are exempted from criminal punishment, sentenced to criminal punishment of non-imprisonment, sentenced to criminal punishment with a suspension of execution, or released on parole, or for whom criminal punishment have executed shall enjoy equal rights with other Juveniles in going back to school and entering schools of a higher grade and in employment; no unit or individual may discriminate against them.

第七章 法律责任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

第四十九条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人不履行监护职责，放任未成年人有本法规定的不良行为或者严重不良行为的，由公安机关对未成年人的父母或者其他监护人予以训诫，责令其严加管教。

Article 49 Where parents or other guardians of juveniles fail to perform their duties of guardianship and let juveniles perpetrate, as they like, misbehavior or serious misbehavior specified in this Law, public security organs shall reprimand the parents or other guardians of the juveniles and order them to subject the juveniles to strict discipline.

第五十条   未成年人的父母或者其他监护人违反本法第十九条的规定，让不满十六周岁的未成年人脱离监护单独居住的，由公安机关对未成年人的父母或者其他监护人予以训诫，责令其立即改正。

Article 50 Where parents or other guardians of juveniles, in violation of the provisions in Article 19 of this Law, allow juveniles under the age of 16 to be free from their guardianship and live alone, public security organs shall reprimand the parents and other guardians of the juveniles and order them to set it right immediately.

第五十一条   公安机关的工作人员违反本法第十八条的规定，接到报告后，不及时查处或者采取有效措施，严重不负责任的，予以行政处分；造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 51 Where a member of a public security organ, in violation of the provisions in Article 18 of this Law, fails to investigate and deal with a case or take effective measures immediately after receiving the report and thus grossly neglects his duty, he shall be given administrative sanctions; if serious consequences are caused and a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第五十二条   违反本法第三十条的规定，出版含有诱发未成年人违法犯罪以及渲染暴力、色情、赌博、恐怖活动等危害未成年人身心健康内容的出版物的，由出版行政部门没收出版物和违法所得，并处违法所得三倍以上十倍以下罚款；情节严重的，没收出版物和违法所得，并责令停业整顿或者吊销许可证。对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以罚款。

Article 52 If anyone, in violation of the provisions in Article 30 of this Law, publishes publications which contain such contents as may induce juveniles to violate laws or commit criminal offenses, or such contents as may impair the physical and mental health of juveniles, contents that exaggerate violence, pornography, gambling, terror, etc., the publications and his illegal gains shall be confiscated by the administrative department for publishing, and he shall also be fined not less than 3 times but not more than 10 times his illegal gains; if the circumstances are serious, the publications and his illegal gains shall be confiscated, he shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification or his license shall be revoked. The persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall be fined.

制作、复制宣扬淫秽内容的未成年人出版物，或者向未成年人出售、出租、传播宣扬淫秽内容的出版物的，依法予以治安处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Whoever produces or reproduces publications for juveniles which propagate obscenity or sells, loans or spreads such publications shall be punished for public security in accordance with law; if the violation constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第五十三条   违反本法第三十一条的规定，向未成年人出售、出租含有诱发未成年人违法犯罪以及渲染暴力、色情、赌博、恐怖活动等危害未成年人身心健康内容的读物、音像制品、电子出版物的，或者利用通讯、计算机网络等方式提供上述危害未成年人身心健康内容及其信息的，没收读物、音像制品、电子出版物和违法所得，由政府有关主管部门处以罚款。

Article 53 If anyone, in violation of the provisions in Article 31 of this Law, sells or loans to juveniles publications, audio-video products or electronic publications which contain such contents as may induce juveniles to violate laws or commit criminal offenses, and such contents as may impair the physical and mental health of juveniles, contents that exaggerate violence, pornography, gambling, terror, etc., or, by means of telecommunications, computer network, etc., provides such contents and information about such contents that may impair the physical and mental health of juveniles, the said publications, audio-video products, electronic publications and his illegal gains shall be confiscated and he shall be fined by the competent government department.

单位有前款行为的，没收读物、音像制品、电子出版物和违法所得，处以罚款，并对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以罚款。

If any unit commits any action mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the publications, audio-video products, electronic publications and its illegal gains shall be confiscated, it shall be fined, and the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall also be fined.

第五十四条   影剧院、录像厅等各类演播场所，放映或者演出渲染暴力、色情、赌博。恐怖活动等危害未成年人身心健康的节目的，由政府有关主管部门没收违法播放的音像制品和违法所得，处以罚款，并对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以罚款；情节严重的，责令停业整顿或者由工商行政部门吊销营业执照。

Article 54 If any cinema, theatre, video-tapes show hall and other show place shows or plays such programs as may impart violence, pornography, gambling, etc. The audio-video products which it illegally shows or plays and its illegal gains shall be confiscated by the competent government department, it shall be fined, and the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall also be fined; if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification or its business license shall be revoked by the administrative department for industry and commerce.

第五十五条   营业性歌舞厅以及其他未成年人不适宜进入的场所、营业性电子游戏场所，违反本法第三十三条的规定，不设置明显的未成年人禁止进入标志，或者允许未成年人进入的，由文化行政部门责令改正、给予警告、责令停业整顿、没收违法所得，处以罚款，并对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以罚款；情节严重的，由工商行政部门吊销营业执照。

Article 55 If commercial singing and dancing halls, other places that are not suitable for juveniles, and commercial TV games centers, in violation of the provisions in Article 33 of this Law, fail to put up conspicuous no-admittance signs or allow juveniles to enter, they shall be ordered to set it right, given disciplinary warning, ordered to suspend business for rectification, their illegal gains shall be confiscated, and they shall be fined by the administrative department for culture, and the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall also be fined; if the circumstances are serious, the administrative department for industry and commerce shall revoke their business licenses.

第五十六条   教唆、胁迫、引诱未成年人实施本法规定的不良行为、严重不良行为，或者为未成年人实施不良行为、严重不良行为提供条件，构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法予以治安处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 56 Whoever instigates or coerces juveniles to perpetrate or lures them into misbehavior or serious misbehavior as prescribed by this Law, or provides conditions for juveniles to perpetrate the said misbehavior, if his action constitutes a violation of the regulations governing public security, shall be punished for public security by a public security organ in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第八章 附则

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第五十七条   本法自1999年11月1日起施行。

Article 57 This Law shall go into effect as of November 1, 1999.