法律文本

中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法（2015修正）

Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People 's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels (Revision 2015)

（1992年4月3日第七届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过

(Adopted at the Fifth Session of the Seventh National People 's Congress on April 3, 1992

根据2009年8月27日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议《关于修改部分法律的决定》第一次修正

Revised for the first time in accordance with the Decision on Revision of Certain Laws adopted at the 10th Session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on 27 August 2009

根据2010年10月28日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法〉的决定》第二次修正

Revised for the second time in accordance with the Decision on Revising the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People 's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels adopted at the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on October 28, 2010

根据2015年8月29日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法〉、〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会选举法〉、〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法〉的决定》第三次修正）

Revised in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress of the People's Republic of China on Revising the Organic Law of the Local People's Congresses and Local People's Governments of the People's Republic of China, the Electoral Law of the People's Republic of China on the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels adopted at the 16th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on August 29, 2015)

第一章 总 则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一条   为保证全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表依法行使代表的职权，履行代表的义务，发挥代表作用，根据宪法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution to ensure that deputies to the National People's Congress and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels exercise their functions and powers, fulfill their duties and play their roles, according to law and in their capacity as deputies.

第二条   全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表依照法律规定选举产生。

Article 2 Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the local people's congresses at various levels shall be elected according to law.

全国人民代表大会代表是最高国家权力机关组成人员，地方各级人民代表大会代表是地方各级国家权力机关组成人员。

Deputies to the National People 's Congress are component members of the highest organ of state power, and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels are component members of the local organs of state power at the corresponding levels.

全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表，代表人民的利益和意志，依照宪法和法律赋予本级人民代表大会的各项职权，参加行使国家权力。

Deputies to the National People 's Congress and to the local people's congresses at various levels shall, representing the interests and will of the people, participate in the exercise of State power in accordance with the functions and powers vested in the people's congresses at the corresponding levels by the Constitution and relevant laws.

第三条   代表享有下列权利：

Article 3 Deputies shall be entitled to the following rights:

（一）出席本级人民代表大会会议，参加审议各项议案、报告和其他议题，发表意见；

1. attending sessions of the people's congresses at corresponding levels, deliberating on all bills, reports and other issues, and voicing their opinions;

（二）依法联名提出议案、质询案、罢免案等；

(II) jointly putting forward bills, proposals for addressing inquiries, proposals for removal of officials from office, etc. according to law;

（三）提出对各方面工作的建议、批评和意见；

(III) putting forward proposals, criticisms or opinions concerning a wide range of work;

（四）参加本级人民代表大会的各项选举；

(IV) participating in elections which are held by the people's congresses at corresponding levels;

（五）参加本级人民代表大会的各项表决；

(V) participating in votes which are held by the people's congresses at corresponding levels;

（六）获得依法执行代表职务所需的信息和各项保障；

(VI) "Accessing necessary information and all kinds of guarantees for their performance of functions as deputies"; and

（七）法律规定的其他权利。

(VII) other rights as provided for by law.

第四条   代表应当履行下列义务：

Article 4 Deputies shall perform the following duties:

（一）模范地遵守宪法和法律，保守国家秘密，在自己参加的生产、工作和社会活动中，协助宪法和法律的实施；

1. playing an exemplary role in abiding by the Constitution and the laws and safeguarding State secrets and, in the production, work or public activities which they take part in, facilitating the enforcement of the Constitution and the laws;

（二）按时出席本级人民代表大会会议，认真审议各项议案、报告和其他议题，发表意见，做好会议期间的各项工作；

(II) "Attending sessions of the people's congresses at corresponding levels timely, seriously examining all bills, reports and other issues, voicing their opinions and fulfill other types of duties during the sessions";

（三）积极参加统一组织的视察、专题调研、执法检查等履职活动；

(III) actively taking part in inspections, special investigations and surveys, and law-enforcement inspections which are organized in a unified way;

（四）加强履职学习和调查研究，不断提高执行代表职务的能力；

(IV) enhancing their study and research in relation to performance of their duties, and continuously increasing their capacity of performing their duties as deputies;

（五）与原选区选民或者原选举单位和人民群众保持密切联系，听取和反映他们的意见和要求，努力为人民服务；

(V) keeping in close touch with their respective constituencies or the electoral units as well as the general public, listening to and representing their opinions and serving the people;

（六）自觉遵守社会公德，廉洁自律，公道正派，勤勉尽责；

(VI) Abiding by social morality and being clean, self-disciplined, decent and diligent; and

（七）法律规定的其他义务。

(VII) Other obligations stipulated by laws.

第五条   代表依照本法的规定在本级人民代表大会会议期间的工作和在本级人民代表大会闭会期间的活动，都是执行代表职务。

Article 5 Deputies' work carried out according to the provisions hereof, when the people's congresses at the corresponding levels are in session, and their activities conducted according to the provisions hereof, when the people's congresses at the corresponding levels are not in session, shall all constitute the performance of their functions as deputies.

国家和社会为代表执行代表职务提供保障。

The State and society shall provide guarantees for deputies in their performance of functions as deputies.

代表不脱离各自的生产和工作。代表出席本级人民代表大会会议，参加闭会期间统一组织的履职活动，应当安排好本人的生产和工作，优先执行代表职务。

The Representatives shall not be released from their respective production or work. When attending sessions of the people's congresses at corresponding levels, or taking part in other activities for duty performance which are organized in a unified way by the people's congresses when they are not in session, deputies shall make good arrangements for their respective work and give priority to the performance of their duties as deputies.

第六条   代表受原选区选民或者原选举单位的监督。

Article 6 Deputies shall be subject to the supervision of the voters of the electoral districts or the electoral units that elected them.

第二章 代表在本级人民代表大会会议期间的工作

Chapter 2 Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congresses at the Corresponding Levels

第七条   代表应当按时出席本级人民代表大会会议。代表因健康等特殊原因不能出席会议的，应当按照规定请假。

Article 7 Deputies shall attend sessions of the people's congresses at corresponding levels on time. Deputies shall ask for leave in accordance with relevant regulations if they cannot attend the meetings for special reasons such as health problems.

代表在出席本级人民代表大会会议前，应当听取人民群众的意见和建议，为会议期间执行代表职务做好准备。

Before attending a session of the people's congress at the corresponding level, deputies shall hear opinions and suggestions of the masses of the people to get ready for performing their duties during the session.

第八条   代表参加大会全体会议、代表团全体会议、小组会议，审议列入会议议程的各项议案和报告。

Article 8 Deputies shall attend plenary meetings of a session as well as general and group meetings of the delegations which they belong to, and deliberate on the bills or reports which have been put on the agenda of a session.

代表可以被推选或者受邀请列席主席团会议、专门委员会会议，发表意见。

Deputies may attend, upon recommendation or invitation, and as nonvoting participants, meetings of the presidium or meetings of the special committees and advance their opinions.

代表应当围绕会议议题发表意见，遵守议事规则。

Deputies shall voice their opinions concerning relevant subjects under discussion and shall comply with rules of procedure.

第九条   代表有权依照法律规定的程序向本级人民代表大会提出属于本级人民代表大会职权范围内的议案。议案应当有案由、案据和方案。

Article 9 Deputies have the right, in accordance with procedures prescribed by law, to submit to the people 's congress at the corresponding level bills and proposals within the scope of its functions and powers. Bills and proposals shall consist of subjects, grounds and schemes.

代表依法提出的议案，由本级人民代表大会主席团决定是否列入会议议程，或者先交有关的专门委员会审议、提出是否列入会议议程的意见，再决定是否列入会议议程。

The presidium of the people's congresses at corresponding levels shall decide whether or not to put the bills which are tabled by deputies in line with the law into the agenda of the session, or submit such bills to relevant special committees for deliberation and opinions on whether or not to put such bills into the agenda of the session.

列入会议议程的议案，在交付大会表决前，提出议案的代表要求撤回的，经主席团同意，会议对该项议案的审议即行终止。

Deliberations on a bill or proposal already placed on the agenda of a session shall be terminated upon approval by the Presidium of a request made by the sponsor deputy for its withdrawal before it is put to vote at the session.

第十条   全国人民代表大会代表，有权依照宪法规定的程序向全国人民代表大会提出修改宪法的议案。

Article 10 Deputies to the National People 's Congress have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the Constitution, to submit to the National People's Congress bills on the amendment to the Constitution.

第十一条   代表参加本级人民代表大会的各项选举。

Article 11 Deputies shall participate in the elections conducted by the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

全国人民代表大会代表有权对主席团提名的全国人民代表大会常务委员会组成人员的人选，中华人民共和国主席、副主席的人选，中央军事委员会主席的人选，最高人民法院院长和最高人民检察院检察长的人选，全国人民代表大会各专门委员会的人选，提出意见。

Deputies to the National People 's Congress have the right to advance opinions on candidates nominated by the Presidium for the component members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, President and Vice-President of the People's Republic of China, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, President of the Supreme People's Court and Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate and candidates for the various special committees of the National People's Congress.

县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出本级人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员，人民政府领导人员，人民法院院长，人民检察院检察长以及上一级人民代表大会代表的人选，并有权对本级人民代表大会主席团和代表依法提出的上述人员的人选提出意见。

Deputies to a local people 's congress at or above the county level have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to nominate candidates for the component members of the standing committee of the people's congress at the corresponding level, the leading members of the people's government, the president of the people's court, the chief procurator of the people's procuratorate and the deputies to the people's congress at the next higher level, and have the right to advance opinions on the aforesaid candidates nominated according to law by the presidiums and deputies to the people's congress at the corresponding level.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出本级人民代表大会主席、副主席和人民政府领导人员的人选，并有权对本级人民代表大会主席团和代表依法提出的上述人员的人选提出意见。

Deputies to the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to nominate candidates for the chairman and vice chairmen of the people's congresses at corresponding levels and for the leading members of the people's governments at the corresponding levels, and have the right to advance opinions on the aforesaid candidates nominated according to law by the presidiums and deputies to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

各级人民代表大会代表有权对本级人民代表大会主席团的人选，提出意见。

Deputies to the people's congresses at various levels have the right to advance opinions on the candidates for the presidiums of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

代表对确定的候选人，可以投赞成票，可以投反对票，可以另选他人，也可以弃权。

A deputy may vote for or against a candidate he has determined, or may elect another person, or abstain from voting.

第十二条   全国人民代表大会代表参加决定国务院组成人员和中央军事委员会副主席、委员的人选。

Article 12 Deputies to the National People 's Congress shall participate in deciding on the choice of the component members of the State Council, and Vice-Chairmen and members of the Central Military Commission.

县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表参加表决通过本级人民代表大会各专门委员会组成人员的人选。

Deputies to people's congresses at or above the county level shall participate in the vote for determining the component members of various special committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

第十三条   代表在审议议案和报告时，可以向本级有关国家机关提出询问。有关国家机关应当派负责人或者负责人员回答询问。

Article 13 During deliberations on a bill or proposal, or a report, deputies may inquire of the relevant State organ at the corresponding level. The relevant State agencies shall assign the person-in-charge or the person-in-charge to answer queries.

第十四条   全国人民代表大会会议期间，一个代表团或者三十名以上的代表联名，有权书面提出对国务院和国务院各部、各委员会，最高人民法院，最高人民检察院的质询案。

Article 14 During a session of the National People's Congress, a delegation or a group of thirty or more deputies have the right to make a proposal in writing for addressing inquiries to the State Council, ministries and commissions under the State Council, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate.

县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出对本级人民政府及其所属各部门，人民法院，人民检察院的质询案。

Deputies to a local people's congress at or above the county level have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to make proposals for addressing inquiries to the people's government and its departments, the people's court and the people's procuratorate at the corresponding level.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出对本级人民政府的质询案。

Deputies to the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to make proposals for addressing inquiries to the people's governments at the corresponding levels.

质询案应当写明质询对象、质询的问题和内容。

In the proposals for the addressing of questions, the objects to be questioned and the topics and contents to be questioned about shall be clearly stated.

质询案按照主席团的决定由受质询机关答复。提出质询案的代表半数以上对答复不满意的，可以要求受质询机关再作答复。

A proposal for addressing inquiries shall, according to a decision of the Presidium, be replied by the State organ inquired. If half or more of the deputies who made the proposal for addressing inquiries are not satisfied with the reply, they may demand another reply from the organ in question.

第十五条   全国人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出对全国人民代表大会常务委员会组成人员，中华人民共和国主席、副主席，国务院组成人员，中央军事委员会组成人员，最高人民法院院长，最高人民检察院检察长的罢免案。

Article 15 Deputies to the National People 's Congress have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to make a proposal for the removal from office of a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the President or Vice-President of the People's Republic of China, a component member of the State Council, a component member of the Central Military Commission, the President of the Supreme People's Court or the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.

县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出对本级人民代表大会常务委员会组成人员，人民政府组成人员，人民法院院长，人民检察院检察长的罢免案。

Deputies to a local people 's congress at or above the county level have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to make a proposal for the removal from office of a component member of the standing committee of the people's congress, a component member of the people's government, the president of the people's court or the procurator-general of the people's procuratorate at the corresponding level.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表有权依照法律规定的程序提出对本级人民代表大会主席、副主席和人民政府领导人员的罢免案。

Deputies to the people 's congress of a township, nationality township or town have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to submit a proposal for the removal from office of the chairman or vice-chairman of the people's congress at the corresponding level and of the leading members of the people's government at the corresponding level.

罢免案应当写明罢免的理由。

In a proposal for removal from office, the reasons for the removal shall clearly be stated.

第十六条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表有权依法提议组织关于特定问题的调查委员会。

Article 16 Deputies to a people's congress at or above the county level have the right to put forward, according to law, a proposal for setting up a committee for the investigation of a specific question.

第十七条   代表参加本级人民代表大会表决，可以投赞成票，可以投反对票，也可以弃权。

Article 17 Deputies may, in a vote conducted by the people 's congress at the corresponding level, cast an affirmative vote or a negative vote or abstain from voting.

第十八条   代表有权向本级人民代表大会提出对各方面工作的建议、批评和意见。建议、批评和意见应当明确具体，注重反映实际情况和问题。

Article 18 Deputies have the right to put forward proposals, criticisms or opinions concerning a wide range of work to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels. Proposals, criticisms or opinions shall be clear and concrete and focus shall be put on disclosure of actual conditions and problems.

第三章 代表在本级人民代表大会闭会期间的活动

Chapter 3 Activities of Deputies When the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level Is Not in Session

第十九条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会组织本级人民代表大会代表开展闭会期间的活动。

Article 19 The standing committee of a people's congress at or above the county level shall organize deputies to the people's congress at the corresponding level to carry out activities when the people's congress at the corresponding level is not in session.

县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会受上一级人民代表大会常务委员会的委托，组织本级人民代表大会选举产生的上一级人民代表大会代表开展闭会期间的活动。

The standing committee of a local people 's congress at or above the county level shall, upon the commission of the standing committee of the people's congress at the next higher level, organize the deputies to the people's congress at the next higher level who are elected by the people's congress at the corresponding level to carry out activities when the people's congress at the next higher level is not in session.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席、副主席根据主席团的安排，组织本级人民代表大会代表开展闭会期间的活动。

The chairman and vice-chairmen of the people 's congress of a township, nationality township or town shall, according to the arrangements made by the presidium, organize activities for the deputies to the people's congress at the corresponding level when the people's congress at the corresponding level is not in session.

第二十条   代表在闭会期间的活动以集体活动为主，以代表小组活动为基本形式。代表可以通过多种方式听取、反映原选区选民或者原选举单位的意见和要求。

Article 20 Deputies' activities when they are not in session shall mainly be collective activities and shall take a basic form of group activities. Deputies shall listen to or convey the opinions or demands of the constituencies or electoral units in multiple ways.

第二十一条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表，在本级或者下级人民代表大会常务委员会协助下，可以按照便于组织和开展活动的原则组成代表小组。

Article 21 Deputies to the people's congresses at or above the county level may, with the assistance of the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels or lower levels, form deputy groups in the light of the principle of facilitating the organization and conduct of their activities.

县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表，可以参加下级人民代表大会代表的代表小组活动。

Deputies to the people's congresses at or above the county level may take part in the group activities of Deputies to the people's congresses at lower levels.

第二十二条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表根据本级人民代表大会常务委员会的安排，对本级或者下级国家机关和有关单位的工作进行视察。乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表根据本级人民代表大会主席团的安排，对本级人民政府和有关单位的工作进行视察。

Article 22 Deputies to the people's congresses at or above the county level may, in line with the arrangements made by the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, carry out inspections on the work of the State organs and relevant units at the corresponding levels or lower levels. Deputies to the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns shall, in line with the arrangements made by the presidiums of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, inspect the work of the people's governments and relevant units at the corresponding levels.

代表按前款规定进行视察，可以提出约见本级或者下级有关国家机关负责人。被约见的有关国家机关负责人或者由他委托的负责人员应当听取代表的建议、批评和意见。

Deputies may, during inspections conducted in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, suggest an interview with the responsible personnel of the relevant State organs at the corresponding or lower levels. The responsible personnel to be interviewed of the State organs concerned or the persons in charge entrusted by them shall listen to the proposals, criticisms or opinions of the deputies.

代表可以持代表证就地进行视察。县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会或者乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团根据代表的要求，联系安排本级或者上级的代表持代表证就地进行视察。

Deputies may conduct on-the-spot inspections in their respective localities on the strength of their credentials. The standing committees of the local people's congresses at or above the county level or the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns shall, upon the request by the deputies, make arrangements for deputies to the people's congresses at the corresponding or higher levels to conduct on-the-spot inspections in their respective localities on the strength of their deputy cards.

代表视察时，可以向被视察单位提出建议、批评和意见，但不直接处理问题。

Deputies may, during their inspections, put forward proposals, criticisms or opinions to the units inspected, but shall not deal with the problems directly.

第二十三条   代表根据安排，围绕经济社会发展和关系人民群众切身利益、社会普遍关注的重大问题，开展专题调研。

Article 23 Deputies shall launch special investigations and surveys in accordance with the relevant arrangements on vital issues which have attracted attention from all walks of life and are associated with economic and social development as well as the general public's interests.

第二十四条   代表参加视察、专题调研活动形成的报告，由本级人民代表大会常务委员会办事机构或者乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团转交有关机关、组织。对报告中提出的意见和建议的研究处理情况应当向代表反馈。

Article 24 Reports as a result of deputies' inspections and special investigations and surveys shall be submitted to the relevant organs and organizations by the executive offices of the standing committees of the people's congresses at corresponding levels or the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns. Information about the study and handling of the opinions and suggestions in relevant reports shall be sent back to deputies.

第二十五条   代表有权依照法律规定的程序提议临时召集本级人民代表大会会议。

Article 25 Deputies have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, to propose the convening of an interim session of the people's congress at the corresponding level.

第二十六条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表可以应邀列席本级人民代表大会常务委员会会议、本级人民代表大会各专门委员会会议，参加本级人民代表大会常务委员会组织的执法检查和其他活动。乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表参加本级人民代表大会主席团组织的执法检查和其他活动。

Article 26 Deputies to the people's congresses at or above the county level may, upon invitation, and as nonvoting participants, attend meetings of the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels and meetings of the special committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, and participate in law enforcement inspections and other activities which are organized by the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels. Deputies to the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns may participate in law enforcement inspections and other activities which are organized by the presidiums of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

第二十七条   全国人民代表大会代表，省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民代表大会代表可以列席原选举单位的人民代表大会会议，并可以应邀列席原选举单位的人民代表大会常务委员会会议。

Article 27 Deputies to the National People 's Congress and those to the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomous prefectures or cities divided into districts may attend, as nonvoting participants, meetings of the people's congresses of the electoral units that elected them, and may also attend, upon invitation and as nonvoting participants, meetings of the standing committees of the people's congresses of the electoral units that elected them.

第二十八条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表根据本级人民代表大会或者本级人民代表大会常务委员会的决定，参加关于特定问题的调查委员会。

Article 28 Deputies to the people's congresses at or above the county level shall, according to decisions of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels or of their standing committees, join the committees for the investigation of specific questions.

第二十九条   代表在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，有权向本级人民代表大会常务委员会或者乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团提出对各方面工作的建议、批评和意见。建议、批评和意见应当明确具体，注重反映实际情况和问题。

Article 29 When the people's congresses at the corresponding levels are not in session, the deputies have the right to put forward proposals, criticisms or opinions concerning a wide range of work to the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels or the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns. Proposals, criticisms or opinions shall be clear and concrete and focus shall be put on disclosure of actual conditions and problems.

第三十条   乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，根据统一安排，开展调研等活动；组成代表小组，分工联系选民，反映人民群众的意见和要求。

Article 30 When the people's congress at the corresponding level is not in session, deputies to the people's congress of a township, nationality township or town shall conduct investigations and surveys in accordance with unified arrangements, and divide themselves into deputy groups to contact voters in order to reflect the opinions and demands of the general public.

第四章 代表执行职务的保障

Chapter 4 Guarantees for the Performance of Functions as Deputies

第三十一条   代表在人民代表大会各种会议上的发言和表决，不受法律追究。

Article 31 Deputies shall hold no legal liability for their speeches or votes at various meetings of the people's congresses.

第三十二条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表，非经本级人民代表大会主席团许可，在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，非经本级人民代表大会常务委员会许可，不受逮捕或者刑事审判。如果因为是现行犯被拘留，执行拘留的机关应当立即向该级人民代表大会主席团或者人民代表大会常务委员会报告。

Article 32 No deputy to a people 's congress at or above the county level may be arrested or placed on criminal trial without the consent of the presidium of that people's congress or, when the people's congress is not in session, without the consent of its standing committee. If a deputy is caught in the act and detained, the organ executing the detention shall immediately report the matter to the presidium or the standing committee of the people 's congress at the corresponding level.

对县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表，如果采取法律规定的其他限制人身自由的措施，应当经该级人民代表大会主席团或者人民代表大会常务委员会许可。

If any other restriction of personal freedom prescribed by law is imposed on a deputy to a people 's congress at or above the county level, it shall be subject to the approval of the Presidium or the standing committee of the people's congress at the corresponding level.

人民代表大会主席团或者常务委员会受理有关机关依照本条规定提请许可的申请，应当审查是否存在对代表在人民代表大会各种会议上的发言和表决进行法律追究，或者对代表提出建议、批评和意见等其他执行职务行为打击报复的情形，并据此作出决定。

When handling applications by relevant government organs for administrative licensing, the presidiums or standing committees of people's congresses shall review whether legal accountability has been imposed on deputies for their speeches and voting activities at various sessions of the people's congresses, whether deputies have been retaliated for their duty-performing activities such as putting forward proposals, criticisms or opinions, and then make corresponding decisions.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表，如果被逮捕、受刑事审判、或者被采取法律规定的其他限制人身自由的措施，执行机关应当立即报告乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会。

If a deputy to the people 's congress of a township, nationality township or town is arrested or placed on criminal trial, or subjected to any other restrictions of personal freedom prescribed by law, the executing organ shall immediately report the matter to the people's congress of the township, nationality township or town.

第三十三条   代表在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，参加由本级人民代表大会常务委员会或者乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团安排的代表活动，代表所在单位必须给予时间保障。

Article 33 Where a deputy participates in activities as deputy arranged by the standing committee of the people 's congress at the corresponding level or the presidium of the people's congress of a township, ethnic township or town when the people's congress at the corresponding level is not in session, the unit to which the deputy belongs must ensure him the needed time.

第三十四条   代表按照本法第三十三条的规定执行代表职务，其所在单位按正常出勤对待，享受所在单位的工资和其他待遇。

Article 34 The performance by a deputy of his or her functions as deputy in accordance with the provisions of Article 33 hereof shall be regarded as normal attendance by his or her unit and the wage and other benefits of the unit shall be duly enjoyed by the deputy.

无固定工资收入的代表执行代表职务，根据实际情况由本级财政给予适当补贴。

Deputies with no fixed income of wages or salaries shall, for the performance of their functions as deputies, be appropriately subsidized by the governmental finance at the corresponding level in light of the specific circumstances.

第三十五条   代表的活动经费，应当列入本级财政预算予以保障，专款专用。

Article 35 Funds for deputies' activities shall be included in the financial budget of the governments at the corresponding levels, and the funds shall be used for the relevant specific purposes.

第三十六条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会应当采取多种方式同本级人民代表大会代表保持联系，扩大代表对本级人民代表大会常务委员会活动的参与。

Article 36 The standing committees of the people's congresses at or above the county level shall, in all viable ways, keep in touch with deputies to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, and promote deputies' participation in activities which are held by the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

第三十七条   县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会，应当为本行政区域内的代表执行代表职务提供必要的条件。

Article 37 The standing committees of the local people's congresses at or above the county level shall provide necessary conditions for deputies within their respective administrative areas to perform their functions as deputies.

第三十八条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会，各级人民政府和人民法院、人民检察院，应当及时向本级人民代表大会代表通报工作情况，提供信息资料，保障代表的知情权。

Article 38 Standing committees of the people's congresses, people's governments, people's courts and people's procuratorates at or above the county level shall timely report work and send relevant information to the deputies to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels in order to guarantee the deputies' right to know.

第三十九条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会应当有计划地组织代表参加履职学习，协助代表全面熟悉人民代表大会制度、掌握履行代表职务所需的法律知识和其他专业知识。

Article 39 The standing committees of the people's congresses at or above the county level shall mobilize deputies to participate in study in relation to their duties, help them to master the system of people's congresses and grasp legal knowledge and other expertise which they need in performing their duties.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表可以参加上级人民代表大会常务委员会组织的代表履职学习。

Deputies to the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns may participate in study in relation to their duties which are organized by the standing committees of people's congresses at higher levels.

第四十条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会的办事机构和工作机构是代表执行代表职务的集体服务机构，为代表执行代表职务提供服务保障。

Article 40 The executive and working offices of the standing committees of the people's congresses at or above the county level are collective service institutions for deputies' performance of their duties and shall provide support service to deputies during their performance of their duties.

第四十一条   为了便于代表执行代表职务，各级人民代表大会可以为本级人民代表大会代表制发代表证。

Article 41 For the convenience of deputies' performance of their functions as deputies, the people's congresses at various levels may make and issue deputy cards to deputies to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

第四十二条   有关机关、组织应当认真研究办理代表建议、批评和意见，并自交办之日起三个月内答复。涉及面广、处理难度大的建议、批评和意见，应当自交办之日起六个月内答复。

Article 42 Relevant government organs and organizations shall seriously handle deputies' proposals, criticisms and opinions and make replies within 3 months since the date of submission. For proposals, criticisms and opinions which involve a wide range of issues and therefore are complicated, replies shall be made thereto within 6 months since the date of submission.

有关机关、组织在研究办理代表建议、批评和意见的过程中，应当与代表联系沟通，充分听取意见。

When handling deputies' proposals, criticisms and opinions, relevant government organs and organizations shall contact relevant deputies and fully listen to relevant deputies' opinions.

代表建议、批评和意见的办理情况，应当向本级人民代表大会常务委员会或者乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团报告，并印发下一次人民代表大会会议。代表建议、批评和意见办理情况的报告，应当予以公开。

Reports on the handling of deputies' proposals, criticisms and opinions shall be submitted to the standing committees of people's congresses at corresponding levels or the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns, and shall be printed and distributed among the deputies at the next sessions of the people's congresses. Reports on the handling of deputies' proposals, criticisms and opinions shall be made public.

第四十三条   少数民族代表执行代表职务时，有关部门应当在语言文字、生活习惯等方面给予必要的帮助和照顾。

Article 43 When deputies of minority nationalities perform their functions as deputies, the departments concerned shall provide them with necessary help and give special considerations in such aspects as languages, both spoken and written, habits and customs.

第四十四条   一切组织和个人都必须尊重代表的权利，支持代表执行代表职务。

Article 44 All organizations and individuals must respect the rights of deputies and support them in their performance of functions as deputies.

有义务协助代表执行代表职务而拒绝履行义务的，有关单位应当予以批评教育，直至给予行政处分。

Whoever has the duty to assist deputies in their performance of functions as deputies but refuses to do so shall be admonished, criticized, even subjected to administrative sanctions by the unit concerned.

阻碍代表依法执行代表职务的，根据情节，由所在单位或者上级机关给予行政处分，或者适用《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》第五十条的处罚规定；以暴力、威胁方法阻碍代表依法执行代表职务的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。

Whoever obstructs deputies from performing their functions as deputies according to law shall be subjected to administrative sanctions by the unit to which he or she belongs or by the department at the higher level, or shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 50 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Penalties for the Violation of Public Security Administration.

对代表依法执行代表职务进行打击报复的，由所在单位或者上级机关责令改正或者给予行政处分；国家工作人员进行打击报复构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。

Whoever obstructs, by means of violence or threat, deputies from performing their functions as deputies according to law shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 157 of the Criminal Law.

第五章 对代表的监督

Chapter 5 Supervision over Deputies

第四十五条   代表应当采取多种方式经常听取人民群众对代表履职的意见，回答原选区选民或者原选举单位对代表工作和代表活动的询问，接受监督。

Article 45 Deputies shall, in all viable and permitted ways, listen to the opinions of the general public concerning their performance of duties, answer inquiries of voters of the constituencies or electoral units about their work and activities, and accept supervision.

由选民直接选举的代表应当以多种方式向原选区选民报告履职情况。县级人民代表大会常务委员会和乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团应当定期组织本级人民代表大会代表向原选区选民报告履职情况。

Deputies which are directly elected by voters shall, in all viable and permitted ways, report their performance of duties to the voters of the constituencies or electoral units. The standing committees of the people's congresses at the county level and the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships or towns shall regularly organize deputies to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels to report their performance of duties to the voters of their respective constituencies.

第四十六条   代表应当正确处理从事个人职业活动与执行代表职务的关系，不得利用执行代表职务干涉具体司法案件或者招标投标等经济活动牟取个人利益。

Article 46 Deputies shall correctly handle the relationship between their employment and performing their duties as deputies, and may not abuse their office as deputies to interfere in specific judicial cases and economic activities such as bids invitation and submission for the purpose of personal gains.

第四十七条   选民或者选举单位有权依法罢免自己选出的代表。被提出罢免的代表有权出席罢免该代表的会议提出申辩意见，或者书面提出申辩意见。

Article 47 The voters or the electoral units shall have the right to recall the deputies that they elect in accordance with law. The deputies to be recalled have the right to attend the meetings for recalling them to voice their opinions or present a written statement of their opinions.

第四十八条   代表有下列情形之一的，暂时停止执行代表职务，由代表资格审查委员会向本级人民代表大会常务委员会或者乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会报告：

Article 48 Where a deputy is involved in either of the following circumstances, the performance of his or her duties as deputies shall be suspended, and the credential committee shall report the case to the standing committee of the people 's congress at the corresponding level or to the people's congress of the township, ethnic township or town:

（一）因刑事案件被羁押正在受侦查、起诉、审判的；

1. being held in custody and subjected to investigation, prosecution and trial for criminal cases; or

（二）被依法判处管制、拘役或者有期徒刑而没有附加剥夺政治权利，正在服刑的。

(II) being sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention or fixed-term imprisonment without the supplementary punishment of deprivation of political rights in accordance with the law and serving the sentence.

前款所列情形在代表任期内消失后，恢复其执行代表职务，但代表资格终止者除外。

As soon as the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph no longer exist during the term of the deputy in question, the performance of his or her functions as deputy shall be restored, except for the one who is disqualified as deputy.

第四十九条   代表有下列情形之一的，其代表资格终止：

Article 49 A deputy involved in any of the following circumstances shall be disqualified as a deputy:

（一）地方各级人民代表大会代表迁出或者调离本行政区域的；

1. a deputy to a local people 's congress at any level who has moved or is transferred away from the corresponding administrative area;

（二）辞职被接受的；

2. having been accepted for resignation;

（三）未经批准两次不出席本级人民代表大会会议的；

3. being absent, without approval, from two sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level;

（四）被罢免的；

(IV) being recalled;

（五）丧失中华人民共和国国籍的；

(V) having forfeited the nationality of the People's Republic of China;

（六）依照法律被剥夺政治权利的；

(VI) being deprived of political rights in accordance with the law; or

（七）丧失行为能力的。

(VII) Losing the capacity for act.

第五十条   县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表资格的终止，由代表资格审查委员会报本级人民代表大会常务委员会，由本级人民代表大会常务委员会予以公告。

Article 50 The disqualification of a deputy to a people's congress at or above the county level shall be reported by the credential committee to the standing committee of the people's congress at the corresponding level for its announcement.

乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表资格的终止，由代表资格审查委员会报本级人民代表大会，由本级人民代表大会予以公告。

The disqualification of a deputy to the people 's congress of a township, nationality township or town shall be reported by the credential committee to the people's congress at the corresponding level for its announcement.

第六章 附 则

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第五十一条   省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会及其常务委员会可以根据本法和本行政区域的实际情况，制定实施办法。

Article 51 The people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and their standing committees may, in accordance with this Law and in light of the actual conditions of their respective administrative areas, formulate measures for implementation.

第五十二条   本法自公布之日起施行。

Article 52 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.