法律文本

中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会组织法（1982）

Law of the People's Republic of China on the Organization of the National People 's Congress

（1982年12月10日第五届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过 1982年12月10日全国人民代表大会公告公布施行）

(Adopted at the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People 's Congress and promulgated for implementation by the Announcement of the National People's Congress on December 10, 1982)

目录

Contents

  第一章 全国人民代表大会会议

Chapter I Sessions of the National People's Congress

  第二章 全国人民代表大会常务委员会

Chapter 2 The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

  第三章 全国人民代表大会各委员会

Chapter 3 The Committees of the National People 's Congress

  第四章 全国人民代表大会代表

Chapter 4 Deputies to the National People 's Congress

第一章 全国人民代表大会会议

Chapter I Sessions of the National People's Congress

第一条   全国人民代表大会会议，依照中华人民共和国宪法的有关规定召集。

Article 1 Sessions of the National People's Congress shall be convened in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China.

每届全国人民代表大会第一次会议，在本届全国人民代表大会代表选举完成后的两个月内由上届全国人民代表大会常务委员会召集。

The first session of each National People 's Congress shall be convened by the Standing Committee of the previous National People's Congress within two months of the election of deputies to the current National People's Congress.

第二条   全国人民代表大会常务委员会应当在全国人民代表大会会议举行一个月以前，将开会日期和建议大会讨论的主要事项通知全国人民代表大会代表。

Article 2 A month before the convening of a session of the National People 's Congress, its Standing Committee shall notify the deputies of the date of the session and of the main items on the proposed agenda.

临时召集的全国人民代表大会会议不适用前款的规定。

The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to specially convened sessions of the National People's Congress.

第三条   全国人民代表大会代表选出后，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会代表资格审查委员会进行审查。

Article 3 After deputies to the National People 's Congress have been elected, their credentials shall be examined by the Credentials Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会根据代表资格审查委员会提出的报告，确认代表的资格或者确定个别代表的当选无效，在每届全国人民代表大会第一次会议前公布代表名单。

Based on the reports submitted by the Credentials Committee, the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress shall confirm the qualifications of deputies or invalidate the election of individual deputies, and shall publish the list of deputies before the first session of each National People's Congress.

对补选的全国人民代表大会代表，依照前款规定进行代表资格审查。

Deputies to the National People 's Congress who are elected through by-elections shall have their credentials examined in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraphs.

第四条   全国人民代表大会代表按照选举单位组成代表团。各代表团分别推选代表团团长、副团长。

Article 4 Deputies to the National People 's Congress shall be grouped into delegations based on the units that elect them. Each delegation shall elect its head and deputy heads.

代表团在每次全国人民代表大会会议举行前，讨论全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出的关于会议的准备事项；在会议期间，对全国人民代表大会的各项议案进行审议，并可以由代表团团长或者由代表团推派的代表，在主席团会议上或者大会全体会议上，代表代表团对审议的议案发表意见。

Before each session of the National People 's Congress is convened, the delegations shall discuss matters concerning preparations for the session put forward by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. During the session, the delegations shall deliberate on the bills and proposals submitted to the Congress, and the heads of delegations or representatives chosen by them may express, on behalf of those delegations, opinions on the bills and proposals at meetings of the Presidium or at plenary meetings of the session.

第五条   全国人民代表大会每次会议举行预备会议，选举本次会议的主席团和秘书长，通过本次会议的议程和其他准备事项的决定。

Article 5 A preparatory meeting shall be held for each session of the National People 's Congress to elect a Presidium and a Secretary-General for the session, adopt an agenda for that session and decide on other preparatory work.

预备会议由全国人民代表大会常务委员会主持。每届全国人民代表大会第一次会议的预备会议，由上届全国人民代表大会常务委员会主持。

The preparatory meeting shall be presided over by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. The preparatory meeting of the first session of each National People 's Congress shall be conducted by the Standing Committee of the previous National People's Congress.

第六条   主席团主持全国人民代表大会会议。

Article 6 The Presidium shall preside over the sessions of the National People's Congress.

主席团互推若干人轮流担任会议的执行主席。

The Bureau rotated a number of persons to serve as the Executive Chairman of the meeting.

主席团推选常务主席若干人，召集并主持主席团会议。

The Presidium shall elect several permanent chairmen to convene and preside over meetings of the Presidium.

第七条   全国人民代表大会会议设立秘书处，在秘书长领导下工作。

Article 7 For each session, the National People's Congress shall set up a Secretariat which shall work under the direction of the Secretary-General.

全国人民代表大会会议设副秘书长若干人。副秘书长的人选由主席团决定。

Each session of the National People's Congress shall have a number of Deputy Secretaries-General. The choice of Under-Secretary-General shall be decided by the Bureau.

第八条   国务院的组成人员，中央军事委员会的组成人员，最高人民法院院长和最高人民检察院检察长，列席全国人民代表大会会议；其他有关机关、团体的负责人，经主席团决定，可以列席全国人民代表大会会议。

Article 8 Members of the State Council, members of the Central Military Commission, the President of the Supreme People's Court and the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate may attend meetings of the National People's Congress but without voting rights. By decision of the Presidium, responsible officers of other State organs and public organizations may also attend meetings of the National People's Congress without voting rights.

第九条   全国人民代表大会主席团，全国人民代表大会常务委员会，全国人民代表大会各专门委员会，国务院，中央军事委员会，最高人民法院，最高人民检察院，可以向全国人民代表大会提出属于全国人民代表大会职权范围内的议案，由主席团决定交各代表团审议，或者并交有关的专门委员会审议、提出报告，再由主席团审议决定提交大会表决。

Article 9 The Presidium, the Standing Committee and the special committees of the National People 's Congress, the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate may submit to the National People's Congress bills or proposals that fall within the scope of its functions and powers. The Presidium shall decide whether to refer the bills or proposals to the various delegations or to the relevant special committees for deliberation. The result of the deliberations shall then be reported to the Presidium which may, after its own deliberation and decision, put the bills or proposals to a vote at a plenary meeting.

第十条   一个代表团或者三十名以上的代表，可以向全国人民代表大会提出属于全国人民代表大会职权范围内的议案，由主席团决定是否列入大会议程，或者先交有关的专门委员会审议、提出是否列入大会议程的意见，再决定是否列入大会议程。

Article 10 A delegation or a group of thirty or more deputies may submit to the National People 's Congress bills or proposals that fall within the scope of its functions and powers. The Presidium may decide whether or not to put the bills or proposals on the agenda of the Congress, or it may refer the bills or proposals to the relevant special committees for deliberation and, after receiving their opinions, decide whether or not to put the bills or proposals on the agenda of the Congress.

第十一条   向全国人民代表大会提出的议案，在交付大会表决前，提案人要求撤回的，对该议案的审议即行终止。

Article 11 Deliberation on a bill or proposal submitted to the National People 's Congress shall terminate upon the request of its sponsor for its withdrawal before it is put to a vote in the Congress.

第十二条   全国人民代表大会会议对于宪法的修改案、法律案和其他议案的通过，依照中华人民共和国宪法的有关规定。

Article 12 Sessions of the National People's Congress shall adopt bills amending the Constitution, legislative bills and other bills in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China.

第十三条   全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长、副委员长、秘书长、委员的人选，中华人民共和国主席、副主席的人选，中央军事委员会主席的人选，最高人民法院院长和最高人民检察院检察长的人选，由主席团提名，经各代表团酝酿协商后，再由主席团根据多数代表的意见确定正式候选人名单。

Article 13 Candidates for Chairman, Vice-Chairmen, Secretary-General and other members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, President and Vice-President of the People's Republic of China, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, President of the Supreme People's Court and Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate shall be nominated by the Presidium which, after consultation among the various delegations, shall decide upon a formal list of candidates, based on the opinion of the majority of deputies.

第十四条   国务院总理和国务院其他组成人员的人选，中央军事委员会除主席以外的其他组成人员的人选，依照宪法的有关规定提名。

Article 14 The Premier and other members of the State Council and members of the Central Military Commission other than its Chairman shall be nominated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution.

第十五条   全国人民代表大会三个以上的代表团或者十分之一以上的代表，可以提出对于全国人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员，中华人民共和国主席、副主席，国务院和中央军事委员会的组成人员，最高人民法院院长和最高人民检察院检察长的罢免案，由主席团提请大会审议。

Article 15 Proposals for the removal from office of a member of the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress, the President or Vice-President of the People's Republic of China, a member of the State Council or the Central Military Commission, the President of the Supreme People's Court or the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate may be submitted by three or more delegations or at least one-tenth of the number of deputies to the National People's Congress. The Presidium shall then put the proposal before the Congress for deliberation.

第十六条   在全国人民代表大会会议期间，一个代表团或者三十名以上的代表，可以书面提出对国务院和国务院各部、各委员会的质询案，由主席团决定交受质询机关书面答复，或者由受质询机关的领导人在主席团会议上或者有关的专门委员会会议上或者有关的代表团会议上口头答复。在主席团会议或者专门委员会会议上答复的，提质询案的代表团团长或者提质询案的代表可以列席会议，发表意见。

Article 16 During a session of the National People's Congress, a delegation or a group of thirty or more deputies may address written questions to the State Council and the ministries and commissions under the State Council. The Presidium shall decide whether to refer the questions to the organs concerned for written replies or to ask the leaders of those organs to give oral replies at meetings of the Presidium, the relevant special committees or the relevant delegations. If the replies are to be given at meetings of the Presidium or special committees, the head of the delegation or of the group of deputies who addressed the questions may also attend the meetings to express their opinions.

第十七条   在全国人民代表大会审议议案的时候，代表可以向有关国家机关提出询问，由有关机关派人在代表小组或者代表团会议上进行说明。

Article 17 During deliberations on a bill or proposal in the National People's Congress, deputies may address questions to the relevant State organs, and those organs shall send their representatives to give explanations at group meetings of the deputies or at delegation meetings.

第十八条   全国人民代表大会会议进行选举和通过议案，由主席团决定采用无记名投票方式或者举手表决方式或者其它方式。

Article 18 At sessions of the National People's Congress, elections may be conducted and bills may be passed by secret ballot, by a show of hands or by any other form as decided by the Presidium.

第十九条   全国人民代表大会举行会议的时候，应当为少数民族代表准备必要的翻译。

Article 19 When the National People's Congress is in session, deputies from the minority nationalities shall be provided with the necessary facilities for interpretation.

第二十条   全国人民代表大会会议公开举行；在必要的时候，经主席团和各代表团团长会议决定，可以举行秘密会议。

Article 20 Sessions of the National People's Congress shall be open to the public; when necessary, closed sessions may be held by decision of a meeting of the Presidium and the heads of all the delegations.

第二十一条   全国人民代表大会代表向全国人民代表大会或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出的对各方面工作的建议、批评和意见，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会的办事机构交由有关机关、组织研究处理并负责答复。

Article 21 The proposals, criticisms and opinions put forward by deputies to the National People 's Congress or its Standing Committee concerning any sphere of work shall be referred by the office of the Standing Committee to the relevant organs or organizations for study, handling and a responsible answer.

第二章 全国人民代表大会常务委员会

Chapter 2 The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

第二十二条   全国人民代表大会常务委员会行使中华人民共和国宪法规定的职权。

Article 22 The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall exercise the functions and powers prescribed in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China.

第二十三条   全国人民代表大会常务委员会由下列人员组成：

Article 23 The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is composed as follows:

委员长，

The Chairman,

副委员长若干人，

The Vice-Chairmen,

秘书长，

The Secretary-General,

委员若干人。

Several members.

常务委员会的组成人员由全国人民代表大会从代表中选出。

Members of the Standing Committee shall be elected by the National People 's Congress from among its deputies.

常务委员会的组成人员不得担任国家行政机关、审判机关和检察机关的职务；如果担任上述职务，必须向常务委员会辞去常务委员会的职务。

No one on the standing committee may hold office in an administrative, judicial or procuratorial organ of the state; if a member assumes any of the above-mentioned offices, he must resign from his post on the standing committee.

第二十四条   常务委员会委员长主持常务委员会会议和常务委员会的工作。副委员长、秘书长协助委员长工作。副委员长受委员长的委托，可以代行委员长的部分职权。

Article 24 The Chairman of the Standing Committee shall preside over meetings of the Standing Committee and direct its work. The Vice-Chairmen and the Secretary-General shall assist the Chairman in his work. When entrusted by the Chairman, a Vice-Chairman may exercise some of the Chairman's functions and powers.

委员长因为健康情况不能工作或者缺位的时候，由常务委员会在副委员长中推选一人代理委员长的职务，直到委员长恢复健康或者全国人民代表大会选出新的委员长为止。

Should the Chairman of the Standing Committee be incapacitated for work for reasons of health or should his office fall vacant, the Standing Committee shall choose one of the Vice-Chairmen to exercise the functions of the Chairman until the Chairman's recovery or until a new Chairman is elected by the National People 's Congress.

第二十五条   常务委员会的委员长、副委员长、秘书长组成委员长会议，处理常务委员会的重要日常工作：

Article 25 The Chairman, the Vice- Chairmen and the Secretary-General of the Standing Committee comprise the Council of Chairmen which handles the important day-to-day work of the Standing Committee:

（一）决定常务委员会每次会议的会期，拟定会议议程草案；

1. to decide on the time for each meeting of the Standing Committee and draft the agenda of the meeting;

（二）对向常务委员会提出的议案和质询案，决定交由有关的专门委员会审议或者提请常务委员会全体会议审议；

(II) to decide whether the bills, proposals and questions submitted to the Standing Committee should be referred to the relevant special committees or submitted to a plenary meeting of the Standing Committee for deliberation;

（三）指导和协调各专门委员会的日常工作；

(III) to direct and coordinate the routine work of the special committees; and

（四）处理常务委员会其他重要日常工作。

(IV) to handle the other important day-to-day work of the Standing Committee.

第二十六条   常务委员会设立代表资格审查委员会。

Article 26 The Standing Committee shall establish a Deputies Credentials Committee.

代表资格审查委员会的主任委员、副主任委员和委员的人选，由委员长会议在常务委员会组成人员中提名，常务委员会会议通过。

The chairman, vice-chairmen and members of the Deputies Credentials Committee shall be nominated by the Council of the Chairman from among the members of the Standing Committee, and the nominees shall be approved at a meeting of the Standing Committee.

第二十七条   常务委员会设立办公厅，在秘书长领导下工作。

Article 27 The Standing Committee shall establish a general office which shall work under the direction of the Secretary-General.

常务委员会设副秘书长若干人，由委员长提请常务委员会任免。

The Standing Committee shall install Deputy Secretaries-General, whom it shall appoint or remove upon recommendation by the Chairman of the Standing Committee.

第二十八条   常务委员会可以根据需要设立工作委员会。

Article 28 The Standing Committee may establish working committees as needed.

工作委员会的主任、副主任和委员由委员长提请常务委员会任免。

The chairman, vice-chairmen and members of the working committees shall be appointed or removed by the Standing Committee upon recommendation by its Chairman.

第二十九条   常务委员会会议由委员长召集，一般两个月举行一次。

Article 29 Meetings of the Standing Committee, usually held once every other month, shall be called by its Chairman.

第三十条   常务委员会举行会议的时候，可以由各省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会常务委员会派主任或者副主任一人列席会议，发表意见。

Article 30 When the Standing Committee is in session, the standing committees of the people's congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may each send a chairman or vice-chairman to attend the meetings and express their opinions.

第三十一条   常务委员会审议的法律案和其他议案，由常务委员会以全体组成人员的过半数通过。

Article 31 The legislative bills and other bills brought before the Standing Committee for deliberation shall be adopted by a simple majority vote of all its members.

第三十二条   全国人民代表大会各专门委员会，国务院，中央军事委员会，最高人民法院，最高人民检察院，可以向常务委员会提出属于常务委员会职权范围内的议案，由委员长会议决定提请常务委员会会议审议，或者先交有关的专门委员会审议、提出报告，再提请常务委员会会议审议。

Article 32 The special committees of the National People 's Congress, the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate may submit to the Standing Committee bills and proposals that fall within the scope of its functions and powers. The Council of the Chairman shall decide whether to directly submit the bills and proposals to a meeting of the Standing Committee for deliberation or to first refer them to the relevant special committees and after receiving the reports on their deliberations then submit the bills and proposals to the Standing Committee for deliberation.

常务委员会组成人员十人以上可以向常务委员会提出属于常务委员会职权范围内的议案，由委员长会议决定是否提请常务委员会会议审议，或者先交有关的专门委员会审议、提出报告，再决定是否提请常务委员会会议审议。

Bills and proposals that fall within the scope of the functions and powers of the Standing Committee may be submitted to the Standing Committee by ten or more members of the Standing Committee. The Council of Chairmen shall decide whether to directly submit the bills to a meeting of the Standing Committee for deliberation or to first submit them to the relevant special committees and after receiving the reports on their deliberations then submit the bills to the Standing Committee for deliberation.

第三十三条   在常务委员会会议期间，常务委员会组成人员十人以上，可以向常务委员会书面提出对国务院和国务院各部、各委员会的质询案，由委员长会议决定交受质询机关书面答复，或者由受质询机关的领导人在常务委员会会议上或者有关的专门委员会会议上口头答复。在专门委员会会议上答复的，提质询案的常务委员会组成人员可以出席会议，发表意见。

Article 33 During a session of the Standing Committee, a group of ten or more members of the Committee may submit to the Standing Committee written questions addressed to the State Council and the ministries and commissions under the State Council. The Council of the Chairman shall decide whether to refer the questions to the organs concerned for written replies or to request the heads of those agencies to give oral replies at meetings of the Standing Committee or the relevant special committees. When replies are to be given at meetings of the special committees, the members of the Standing Committee who submitted the questions may attend and express their opinions.

第三十四条   常务委员会在全国人民代表大会每次会议举行的时候，必须向全国人民代表大会提出工作报告。

Article 34 During each session of the National People 's Congress, the Standing Committee must make a work report to the National People's Congress.

第三章 全国人民代表大会各委员会

Chapter 3 The Committees of the National People 's Congress

第三十五条   全国人民代表大会设立民族委员会、法律委员会、财政经济委员会、教育科学文化卫生委员会、外事委员会、华侨委员会和全国人民代表大会认为需要设立的其他专门委员会。各专门委员会受全国人民代表大会领导；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，受全国人民代表大会常务委员会领导。

Article 35 The National People's Congress establishes a Minority Affairs Committee, a Law Committee, an Economics and Finance Committee, an Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee, a Foreign Affairs Committee, an Overseas Chinese Committee and such other special committees as it deems necessary. The special committees shall be under the direction of the National People 's Congress, and of its Standing Committee when the Congress is not in session.

各专门委员会由主任委员、副主任委员若干人和委员若干人组成。

Each special committee shall be composed of a chairman, vice-chairmen and members.

各专门委员会的主任委员、副主任委员和委员的人选，由主席团在代表中提名，大会通过。在大会闭会期间，全国人民代表大会常务委员会可以补充任命专门委员会的个别副主任委员和部分委员，由委员长会议提名，常务委员会会议通过。

Nominations for the chairman, vice-chairmen and members of a special committee shall be made by the presidium from among the deputies and approved by the people's congress. When the National People's Congress is not in session, its Standing Committee may appoint additional members to the special committees, including a vice-chairman; the Council of the Chairman shall make nominations for these appointments, which shall be subject to approval by a meeting of the Standing Committee.

第三十六条   各专门委员会主任委员主持委员会会议和委员会的工作。副主任委员协助主任委员工作。

Article 36 The chairman of each special committee shall preside over meetings of the committee and direct its work. The vice chairman assists the chairman in his work.

各专门委员会可以根据工作需要，任命专家若干人为顾问；顾问可以列席专门委员会会议，发表意见。

The special committees may appoint a certain number of experts as advisers, if their work so requires.

顾问由全国人民代表大会常务委员会任免。

Advisers shall be appointed or removed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

第三十七条   各专门委员会的工作如下：

Article 37 The work of the special committees shall be as follows:

（一）审议全国人民代表大会主席团或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会交付的议案；

1. to deliberate on bills and proposals received from the Presidium or the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress;

（二）向全国人民代表大会主席团或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出属于全国人民代表大会或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会职权范围内同本委员会有关的议案；

(II) to submit to the Presidium or the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress bills and proposals which, within the scope of its functions and powers, are related to the special committees;

（三）审议全国人民代表大会常务委员会交付的被认为同宪法、法律相抵触的国务院的行政法规、决定和命令，国务院各部、各委员会的命令、指示和规章，省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会和它的常务委员会的地方性法规和决议，以及省、自治区、直辖市的人民政府的决定、命令和规章，提出报告；

3. to examine and submit reports on items received from the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress which are considered to be in contravention of the Constitution or other laws; such items include administrative regulations, decisions and orders issued by the State Council; orders, instructions and regulations issued by the ministries and commissions under the State Council; regulations and resolutions issued locally by the people's congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and their standing committees; and decisions, orders and regulations issued by the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government;

（四）审议全国人民代表大会主席团或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会交付的质询案，听取受质询机关对质询案的答复，必要的时候向全国人民代表大会主席团或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出报告；

(IV) to examine questions referred by the Presidium or the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress, hear the replies given by the organs questioned and, when necessary, submit reports to the Presidium or the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; and

（五）对属于全国人民代表大会或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会职权范围内同本委员会有关的问题，进行调查研究，提出建议。

(V) to investigate and propose solutions to issues which are related to the special committees and which fall within the scope of functions and powers of the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee.

民族委员会还可以对加强民族团结问题进行调查研究，提出建议；审议自治区报请全国人民代表大会常务委员会批准的自治区的自治条例和单行条例，向全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出报告。

The Nationalities Committee may, in addition, conduct investigations and make proposals on how to strengthen unity among the nationalities; it shall deliberate on the regulations on autonomy and separate regulations submitted by the autonomous regions to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for approval and shall report its deliberations to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

法律委员会统一审议向全国人民代表大会或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出的法律草案；其他专门委员会就有关的法律草案向法律委员会提出意见。

The Law Committee shall deliberate on all drafted laws submitted to the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee; other special committees shall send to the Law Committee their comments on the drafts which concern them.

第三十八条   全国人民代表大会或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会可以组织对于特定问题的调查委员会。调查委员会的组织和工作，由全国人民代表大会或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定。

Article 38 The National People's Congress and its Standing Committee may appoint committees for the investigation of specific issues. The organization and work of the committees shall be decided by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee.

第四章 全国人民代表大会代表

Chapter 4 Deputies to the National People 's Congress

第三十九条   全国人民代表大会代表每届任期五年，从每届全国人民代表大会举行第一次会议开始，到下届全国人民代表大会举行第一次会议为止。

Article 39 The term of office of the deputies to each National People 's Congress shall be five years, beginning with its first session and ending with the first session of the succeeding National People's Congress.

第四十条   全国人民代表大会代表必须模范地遵守宪法和法律，保守国家秘密，并且在自己参加的生产、工作和社会活动中，协助宪法和法律的实施。

Article 40 Deputies to the National People 's Congress must play an exemplary role in abiding by the Constitution and the law and keeping state secrets and, in public activities, production and other work, assist in the enforcement of the Constitution and the law.

第四十一条   全国人民代表大会代表应当同原选举单位和人民保持密切联系，可以列席原选举单位的人民代表大会会议，听取和反映人民的意见和要求，努力为人民服务。

Article 41 Deputies to the National People 's Congress should maintain close contact with the units that elected them and with the people. They may attend, without voting rights, meetings of the people's congresses of the units that elected them, so as to heed and convey the opinions and demands of the people and work hard to serve them.

第四十二条   全国人民代表大会代表在出席全国人民代表大会会议和执行其他属于代表的职务的时候，国家根据实际需要给予适当的补贴和物质上的便利。

Article 42 While deputies to the National People 's Congress attend meetings of the Congress or perform other duties required of them as deputies, the State shall provide them with appropriate allowances and material facilities according to their actual needs.

第四十三条   全国人民代表大会代表、全国人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员，在全国人民代表大会和全国人民代表大会常务委员会各种会议上的发言和表决，不受法律追究。

Article 43 No deputy to the National People 's Congress or member of its Standing Committee may be held legally liable for his speeches or votes at various meetings of the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee.

第四十四条   全国人民代表大会代表非经全国人民代表大会主席团许可，在全国人民代表大会闭会期间非经全国人民代表大会常务委员会许可，不受逮捕或者刑事审判。

Article 44 No deputy to the National People 's Congress may be arrested or placed on criminal trial without the consent of the Presidium of the National People's Congress or, when the National People's Congress is not in session, of its Standing Committee.

全国人民代表大会代表如果因为是现行犯被拘留，执行拘留的公安机关应当立即向全国人民代表大会主席团或者全国人民代表大会常务委员会报告。

If a deputy to the National People 's Congress is caught in the act and detained, the public security organ which has detained him shall immediately report the matter to the Presidium or the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

第四十五条   全国人民代表大会代表受原选举单位的监督。原选举单位有权罢免自己选出的代表。

Article 45 Deputies to the National People 's Congress are subject to supervision by the units which elected them. The electoral units shall have the power to recall the deputies they elect.

罢免全国人民代表大会代表，须经原选举单位以全体代表的过半数通过。

The recall of a deputy from the National People 's Congress shall require a majority vote of all the deputies of the unit which elected him.

省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会常务委员会在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，经全体组成人员的过半数通过，可以罢免本级人民代表大会选出的个别全国人民代表大会代表。

The standing committee of the people 's congress of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may, when its people's congress is not in session, recall individual deputies elected to the National People's Congress by a majority vote of all its members.

被罢免的代表可以出席上述会议或者书面申诉意见。

The deputies to be recalled may attend the above-mentioned meetings or submit written appeals.

罢免代表的决议，须报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。

Resolutions to recall deputies must be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.

第四十六条   全国人民代表大会代表因故出缺的，由原选举单位补选。省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会常务委员会在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，可以补选个别出缺的全国人民代表大会代表。

Article 46 If the office of a deputy to the National People 's Congress falls vacant for some reason, the electoral unit which elected him shall hold by-elections to fill the vacancy. Should the office of an individual deputy to the National People 's Congress fall vacant when the people's congress of his province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government is not in session, its standing committee may hold by-elections to fill the vacancy.