法律文本

中华人民共和国国防教育法（2018修正）

Defense Education Law of the People’s Republic of China (2018 Amendment)

2001年4月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十一次会议通过 根据2018年4月27日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法〉等六部法律的决定》修正）

Adopted at the 21st Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on April 28, 2001, and revised according to the Decision on Revising Six Laws including the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the Second Session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress on April 27, 2018)

第一章 总 则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一条   为了普及和加强国防教育，发扬爱国主义精神，促进国防建设和社会主义精神文明建设，根据国防法和教育法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Law on National Defense and the Education Law for the purpose of popularizing and strengthening education in national defense, carrying forward the spirit of patriotism, promoting the building of national defense and promoting the building of socialist spiritual civilization.

第二条   国防教育是建设和巩固国防的基础，是增强民族凝聚力、提高全民素质的重要途径。

Article 2 The national defense education is the basis for the construction and consolidation of national defense and an important means for enhancing the national cohesion and improving the quality of the whole people.

第三条   国家通过开展国防教育，使公民增强国防观念，掌握基本的国防知识，学习必要的军事技能，激发爱国热情，自觉履行国防义务。

Article 3 The State, through conducting national defense education, helps citizens to enhance their awareness of the importance of national defense, master the basic knowledge of national defense, learn the necessary military skills, develop patriotic enthusiasm and conscientiously perform their obligations to defend the country.

第四条   国防教育贯彻全民参与、长期坚持、讲求实效的方针，实行经常教育与集中教育相结合、普及教育与重点教育相结合、理论教育与行为教育相结合的原则，针对不同对象确定相应的教育内容分类组织实施。

Article 4 The national defense education shall, under the policy of seeking the whole people as participants, persisting for a long term and focusing on the practical effects and in accordance with the principle of combining regular education with centralized education, popularization education with emphases education, and theoretical education with behavioral education, be organized and implemented by determining corresponding education contents for different targets.

第五条   中华人民共和国公民都有接受国防教育的权利和义务。

Article 5 All the citizens of the People's Republic of China have the rights and obligations to accept national defense education.

普及和加强国防教育是全社会的共同责任。

It is the common responsibility of the whole society to popularize and strengthen national defense education.

一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各社会团体、各企业事业组织以及基层群众性自治组织，都应当根据各自的实际情况组织本地区、本部门、本单位开展国防教育。

All State organs and armed forces, all political parties and public organizations, all enterprises and institutions and grass-roots autonomous organizations of a mass character shall, in light of their specific conditions, organize national defense education in their respective areas, departments and units.

第六条   国务院领导全国的国防教育工作。中央军事委员会协同国务院开展全民国防教育。

Article 6 The State Council shall exercise leadership over the national defense work throughout the country. The Central Military Commission shall assist the State Council in conducting national defense education among the whole people.

地方各级人民政府领导本行政区域内的国防教育工作。驻地军事机关协助和支持地方人民政府开展国防教育。

Local people's governments at various levels shall exercise leadership over the work of national defense education within their respective administrative areas. Military organs stationed in the localities shall assist and support local people's governments in conducting national defense education.

第七条   国家国防教育工作机构规划、组织、指导和协调全国的国防教育工作。

Article 7 The national defense education working institution of the state shall plan, organize, direct and coordinate the national defense education work throughout the country.

县级以上地方负责国防教育工作的机构组织、指导、协调和检查本行政区域内的国防教育工作。

Local organs at or above the county level in charge of the work of national defense education shall organize, direct, coordinate and inspect the work of national defense education within their respective administrative areas.

第八条   教育、退役军人事务、文化宣传等部门，在各自职责范围内负责国防教育工作。

Article 8 The departments of education, ex-serviceman affairs, culture and publicity shall be responsible for the national defense work in compliance with their respective functions.

征兵、国防科研生产、国民经济动员、人民防空、国防交通、军事设施保护等工作的主管部门，依照本法和有关法律、法规的规定，负责国防教育工作。

The competent departments for the work of conscription, national defense research and production, national economic mobilization, civil air defense, national defense communications, protection of military installations, etc. shall take charge of the work of national defense education in accordance with the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws and regulations.

工会、共产主义青年团、妇女联合会以及其他有关社会团体，协助人民政府开展国防教育。

Trade unions, communist youth leagues, women's federations and other relevant public organizations shall assist the people's governments in conducting national defense education.

第九条   中国人民解放军、中国人民武装警察部队按照中央军事委员会的有关规定开展国防教育。

Article 9 The Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force shall conduct national defense education in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Central Military Commission.

第十条   国家支持、鼓励社会组织和个人开展有益于国防教育的活动。

Article 10 The State supports and encourages public organizations and individuals to carry out activities conducive to national defense education.

第十一条   国家和社会对在国防教育工作中作出突出贡献的组织和个人，采取各种形式给予表彰和奖励。

Article 11 The State and society commend and award, in various forms, the organizations and individuals that have made outstanding contributions to the work of national defense education.

第十二条   国家设立全民国防教育日。

Article 12 The state shall establish a National Defense Education Day of the Whole People.

第二章 学校国防教育

Chapter II National Defense Education in Schools

第十三条   学校的国防教育是全民国防教育的基础，是实施素质教育的重要内容。

Article 13 The national defense education in schools is the basis for the national defense education of whole people. It is an important part of the quality education.

教育行政部门应当将国防教育列入工作计划，加强对学校国防教育的组织、指导和监督，并对学校国防教育工作定期进行考核。

The administrative departments for education shall incorporate national defense education into their work plans, improve their organization and direction of and supervision over such education in schools and make regular assessment of the work of the said education.

第十四条   小学和初级中学应当将国防教育的内容纳入有关课程，将课堂教学与课外活动相结合，对学生进行国防教育。

Article 14 In primary schools and junior secondary schools, national defense education shall be incorporated into related curricular and such education shall be conducted among the students by combining classroom instruction with extracurricular activities.

有条件的小学和初级中学可以组织学生开展以国防教育为主题的少年军校活动。教育行政部门、共产主义青年团组织和其他有关部门应当加强对少年军校活动的指导与管理。

Primary schools and junior secondary schools where conditions permit may organize juvenile cadet activities themed on national defense education. The administrative departments for education, the Communist Youth League organizations and other departments concerned shall improve their direction and administration of the juvenile cadet activities.

小学和初级中学可以根据需要聘请校外辅导员，协助学校开展多种形式的国防教育活动。

The elementary schools and junior middle schools may, where necessary, hire non-school tutors to assist the schools to carry out various national defense education activities.

第十五条   高等学校、高级中学和相当于高级中学的学校应当将课堂教学与军事训练相结合，对学生进行国防教育。

Article 15 In institutions of higher education, senior secondary schools and schools equivalent to senior secondary schools, national defense education shall be conducted among the students by combining classroom instruction with military training.

高等学校应当设置适当的国防教育课程，高级中学和相当于高级中学的学校应当在有关课程中安排专门的国防教育内容，并可以在学生中开展形式多样的国防教育活动。

In higher education institutions, appropriate courses for national defense education shall be offered and in senior secondary schools and schools equivalent to senior secondary schools, special contents of national defense education shall be added to the related courses, and national defense education may be conducted in various forms among the students there.

高等学校、高级中学和相当于高级中学的学校学生的军事训练，由学校负责军事训练的机构或者军事教员按照国家有关规定组织实施。军事机关应当协助学校组织学生的军事训练。

Military training of students in institutions of higher education institutions, senior secondary schools and schools equivalent to senior secondary schools shall be organized and conducted in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State by the offices of these institutions and schools that are in charge of Military training or by military instructors. Military organs shall assist the said institutions and schools in organizing military training of students.

第十六条   学校应当将国防教育列入学校的工作和教学计划，采取有效措施，保证国防教育的质量和效果。

Article 16 A school shall integrate the national defense education into the work and teaching plan of the school and shall take effective measures to ensure the quality and effects of the national defense education.

学校组织军事训练活动，应当采取措施，加强安全保障。

When organizing an activity of military training, a school shall take measures to ensure the safety.

第十七条   负责培训国家工作人员的各类教育机构，应当将国防教育纳入培训计划，设置适当的国防教育课程。

Article 17 All types of education institutions responsible for the training of state functionaries shall integrate the national defense education into the training plan and shall set up appropriate national defense education courses.

国家根据需要选送地方和部门的负责人到有关军事院校接受培训，学习和掌握履行领导职责所必需的国防知识。

The State, in light of need, selects and sends local leaders and department heads to relevant military academies to receive training in order that they will learn and master national defense knowledge which is essential for the performance of their duties as leaders.

第三章 社会国防教育

Chapter III National Defense Education in the Society

第十八条   国家机关应当根据各自的工作性质和特点，采取多种形式对工作人员进行国防教育。

Article 18 State organs shall, in light of the nature and characteristics of their respective work, conduct national defense education among their functionaries in various forms.

国家机关工作人员应当具备基本的国防知识。从事国防建设事业的国家机关工作人员，必须学习和掌握履行职责所必需的国防知识。

The functionaries of the state organs shall have basic national defense knowledge. Personnel of State organs engaged in the building of national defense must learn and master national defense knowledge which are essential for them to perform their duties.

各地区、各部门的领导人员应当依法履行组织、领导本地区、本部门开展国防教育的职责。

Leading members of the various regions and departments shall, in accordance with law, perform their responsibilities of organizing and directing national defense education in their respective regions and departments.

第十九条   企业事业组织应当将国防教育列入职工教育计划，结合政治教育、业务培训、文化体育等活动，对职工进行国防教育。

Article 19 Enterprises and institutions shall incorporate national defense education into education plans for their workers and staff members and conduct such education among them in combination with political education, professional training, cultural and sports activities.

承担国防科研生产、国防设施建设、国防交通保障等任务的企业事业组织，应当根据所担负的任务，制定相应的国防教育计划，有针对性地对职工进行国防教育。

Enterprises and institutions that shoulder the tasks of national defense research and production, construction of national defense installations and support of national defense communications shall, on the basis of their tasks, formulate corresponding plans for national defense education and conduct such education among their workers and staff members according to their specific conditions.

社会团体应当根据各自的活动特点开展国防教育。

Public groups shall conduct national defense education in light of the characteristics of their respective activities.

第二十条   军区、省军区(卫戍区、警备区)、军分区(警备区)和县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民武装部按照国家和军队的有关规定，结合政治教育和组织整顿、军事训练、执行勤务、征兵工作以及重大节日、纪念日活动，对民兵、预备役人员进行国防教育。

Article 20 The military area commands, provincial military area commands, (garrison commands, guard commands), sub-military area commands (guard commands) and the departments of people's armed force of the counties, autonomous counties, cities and districts under a city shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and army, offer national defense education to the militia and reservists by combining it with the political education, organization rectification, military training, performance of service, conscription work as well as activities in important festivals and memorial days.

民兵、预备役人员的国防教育，应当以基干民兵、第一类预备役人员和担任领导职务的民兵、预备役人员为重点，建立和完善制度，保证受教育的人员、教育时间和教育内容的落实。

In conducting national defense education among the militia and reservists, emphasis shall be laid on primary militiamen, first-class reservists and the leading militia and reservists, and the systems for such education shall be established and improved to guarantee the numbers of persons receiving the education, the fulfillment of the length of time allotted to it, and the contents of the education.

第二十一条   城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会应当将国防教育纳入社区、农村社会主义精神文明建设的内容，结合征兵工作、拥军优属以及重大节日、纪念日活动，对居民、村民进行国防教育。

Article 21 The urban residents' committees and rural villagers' committees shall integrate the national defense education into the contents of the construction of social spiritual civilization of the communities and countryside. They shall offer national defense education to the urban residents and villagers by combining it with the conscription work, activity of supporting the army and rendering preferential treatments to the families of servicemen, as well as activities of important festivals and memorial days.

城市居民委员会、农村村民委员会可以聘请退役军人协助开展国防教育。

Residents committees in cities and villagers committees in rural areas may invite ex-servicemen to assist them in conducting national defense education.

第二十二条   文化、新闻、出版、广播、电影、电视等部门和单位应当根据形势和任务的要求，采取多种形式开展国防教育。

Article 22 The departments and entities of culture, news, publication, radio, film, television, etc. shall, in light of the situation and tasks, take various forms to carry out national defense education.

中央和省、自治区、直辖市以及设区的市的广播电台、电视台、报刊应当开设国防教育节目或者栏目，普及国防知识。

The radio stations, TV stations, newspapers and periodicals of the Central Government, provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and districted cities shall establish national defense education programs or columns to popularize the national defense knowledge.

第二十三条   烈士陵园、革命遗址和其他具有国防教育功能的博物馆、纪念馆、科技馆、文化馆、青少年宫等场所，应当为公民接受国防教育提供便利，对有组织的国防教育活动实行优惠或者免费；依照本法第二十八条的规定被命名为国防教育基地的，应当对有组织的中小学生免费开放；在全民国防教育日向社会免费开放。

Article 23 The cemeteries of martyrs, revolutionary sites, museums, memorials, science and technology museums, culture centers, Youth and Children's Palaces and other places that have the functions of national defense education shall facilitate the citizens to receive national defense education. They shall offer preferential treatments or shall be open gratuitously to the organized national defense education activities. A national defense education base named in accordance with Article 28 of this Law shall be opened gratuitously to the organized primary school students, and shall be opened gratuitously to the general public on the National Defense Education Day of the Whole People.

第四章 国防教育的保障

Chapter 4 Guarantee of National Defense Education

第二十四条   各级人民政府应当将国防教育纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，并根据开展国防教育的需要，在财政预算中保障国防教育所需的经费。

Article 24 People's governments at various levels shall incorporate national defense education into their plans for national economic and social development, and according to the need for conducting such education, include the funds needed for the education in their fiscal budgets by way of guarantee.

第二十五条   国家机关、事业单位、社会团体开展国防教育所需的经费，在本单位预算经费内列支；企业开展国防教育所需经费，在本单位职工教育经费中列支。

Article 25 The fund that is essential for a state organ, public institution, mass organization to carry out national defense education shall be paid from its budgetary fund. The fund that is essential for an enterprise to carry out national defense education shall be paid from its staff education fund.

学校组织学生军事训练所需的经费，按照国家有关规定执行。

Funds needed by schools for organizing military training among students shall be allocated according to the relevant regulations of the State.

第二十六条   国家鼓励社会组织和个人捐赠财产，资助国防教育的开展。

Article 26 The state encourages social organizations and individuals to donate properties to support the national defense education.

社会组织和个人资助国防教育的财产，由依法成立的国防教育基金组织或者其他公益性社会组织依法管理。

The properties donated by social organizations and individuals to support the national defense education shall be managed by a lawfully established national defense education fund organization or any other commonweal organization according to law.

国家鼓励社会组织和个人提供或者捐赠所收藏的具有国防教育意义的实物用于国防教育。使用单位对提供使用的实物应当妥善保管，使用完毕，及时归还。

The state encourages the social organizations and individuals to provide or donate their collection of physical objects of national defense education significance for national defense education. A user entity shall properly keep the physical objects provided by it for use, and shall return them after use without delay.

第二十七条   国防教育经费和社会组织、个人资助国防教育的财产，必须用于国防教育事业，任何单位或者个人不得挪用、克扣。

Article 27 Funds for national defense education and the property donated by public organizations and individuals in support of national defense education must be used for such education. No unit or individual may misappropriate or withhold them.

第二十八条   本法第二十三条规定的场所，具备下列条件的，经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准，可以命名为国防教育基地：

Article 28 If any of the places as mentioned in Article 23 of this Law satisfies the following conditions, it may be named as a national defense education base upon approval of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government:

（一）有明确的国防教育主题内容；

1. Having definite subject contents for national defense education;

（二）有健全的管理机构和规章制度；

2. Having sound management departments, rules and regulations;

（三）有相应的国防教育设施；

(III) Having corresponding national defense education facilities;

（四）有必要的经费保障；

(IV) having necessary funds; and

（五）有显著的社会教育效果。

(V) Having obvious social education effects.

国防教育基地应当加强建设，不断完善，充分发挥国防教育的功能。被命名的国防教育基地不再具备前款规定条件的，由原批准机关撤销命名。

National defense education bases shall be built with redoubled efforts and improved progressively, so that they will fully perform their functions of national defense education. If an existing national defense education base cannot meet the conditions as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, its name shall be revoked by the original approval organ.

第二十九条   各级人民政府应当加强对国防教育基地的规划、建设和管理，并为其发挥作用提供必要的保障。

Article 29 The people's governments at all levels shall intensify the plan, construction and management of national defense education bases and offer necessary conditions to ensure that they play their roles.

各级人民政府应当加强对具有国防教育意义的文物的收集、整理、保护工作。

People's governments at all levels shall improve their work of collecting, sorting and protecting cultural relics of national defense education significance.

第三十条   全民国防教育使用统一的国防教育大纲。国防教育大纲由国家国防教育工作机构组织制定。

Article 30 A uniform outline shall be used for national defense education for the whole people. The national defense education program shall be formulated under the organization of the State national defense education working institution.

适用于不同地区、不同类别教育对象的国防教育教材，由有关部门或者地方依据国防教育大纲并结合本地区、本部门的特点组织编写。

Teaching materials for national defense education to be used in different regions and among different categories of people receiving the education shall be compiled in accordance with the teaching program for national defense education and in light of the characteristics of the regions or departments, which is to be arranged by the departments or local authorities concerned.

第三十一条   各级国防教育工作机构应当组织、协调有关部门做好国防教育教员的选拔、培训和管理工作，加强国防教育师资队伍建设。

Article 31 The national defense education working institutions at all levels shall organize and coordinate with the relevant departments to fulfill the tasks of selection, training and management of teachers of national defense education and shall strengthen the faculty construction for national defense education.

国防教育教员应当从热爱国防教育事业、具有基本的国防知识和必要的军事技能的人员中选拔。

Teachers of national defense education shall be selected from among persons who are devoted to national defense education and possess the basic knowledge in this field and the necessary military skills.

第三十二条   中国人民解放军和中国人民武装警察部队应当根据需要和可能，为驻地有组织的国防教育活动选派军事教员，提供必要的军事训练场地、设施以及其他便利条件。

Article 32 The Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force shall, where necessary and possible, select and assign military teachers and provide necessary military training places, facilities and other convenient conditions for the organized national defense education activities to the local place where the troops are stationed.

在国庆节、中国人民解放军建军节和全民国防教育日，经批准的军营可以向社会开放。军营开放的办法由中央军事委员会规定。

On National Day, the Chinese People's Liberation Army Day and the National Defense Education Day, barracks may, upon approval, open to the public. The measures for the opening of barracks to the public shall be formulated by the Central Military Commission.

第五章 法律责任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第三十三条   国家机关、社会团体、企业事业组织以及其他社会组织违反本法规定，拒不开展国防教育活动的，由人民政府有关部门或者上级机关给予批评教育，并责令限期改正；拒不改正，造成恶劣影响的，对负有直接责任的主管人员依法给予行政处分。

Article 33 Where any state organ, mass organization, enterprise, public institution or any other social organization violates this Law due to failing to carry out national defense education activities, the relevant department of the people's government or its superior organ shall criticize it and order it to make corrections within a time limit. If it refuses to make corrections and results in any vile consequences, the directly liable person-in-charge shall be given an administrative sanction.

第三十四条   违反本法规定，挪用、克扣国防教育经费的，由有关主管部门责令限期归还；对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 34 Where anyone violates this Law due to misappropriating or skimping the fund of national defense education, the competent authority may order it (him) to make a reimbursement within a time limit. The directly liable person-in-charge and other directly liable persons shall be given an administrative sanction. If any crime is constituted, they shall be subject to criminal liabilities.

第三十五条   侵占、破坏国防教育基地设施、损毁展品的，由有关主管部门给予批评教育，并责令限期改正；有关责任人应当依法承担相应的民事责任。

Article 35 Where anyone encroaches on or destroys the facilities, or causes damage to the exhibition items of a national defense education base, the relevant competent authority shall criticize him and order him to make corrections within a time limit. The relevant liable persons shall bear the corresponding civil liabilities according to law.

有前款所列行为，违反治安管理规定的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Anyone who commits any of the acts listed in the preceding paragraph and violates the regulations for public security shall be given security administration punishment by the public security organ in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with law.

第三十六条   寻衅滋事，扰乱国防教育工作和活动秩序的，或者盗用国防教育名义骗取钱财的，由有关主管部门给予批评教育，并予以制止；违反治安管理规定的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 36 Where anyone disrupts the order of national defense education work and activities by picking a quarrel and making trouble, or illegally swindles money and property by usurping the name of national defense education, he shall be criticized and shall be ordered to stop the violation by the relevant administrative department. Anyone who violates the public security administration provisions shall be given a public security administration punishment by the public security organ in accordance with the law. Where any crime is constituted, he shall be subject to criminal liabilities.

第三十七条   负责国防教育的国家工作人员玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊的，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 37 Where any state functionary who is responsible for the national defense education neglects his duties, abuses his powers, seeks private benefits, he shall be given an administrative sanction. If any crime is constituted, he shall be subject to criminal liabilities.

第六章 附 则

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第三十八条   本法自公布之日起施行。

Article 38 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.