法律文本

中華人民共和國銀行業監督管理法（2006修訂）

Law of the People's Republic of China on Banking Regulation (Revised in 2006)

（2003年12月27日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第六次會議通過 根據2006年10月31日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國銀行業監督管理法〉的決定》修正）

(Adopted at the 6th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on December 27, 2003, and amended according to the Decision on Amending the Banking Supervision Law of the People's Republic of China at the 24th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on October 31, 2006)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了加強對銀行業的監督管理，規範監督管理行為，防範和化解銀行業風險，保護存款人和其他客戶的合法權益，促進銀行業健康發展，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purposes of strengthening regulation of the banking industry, standardising regulation, preventing and resolving banking risks, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of depositors and other clients, and promoting healthy development of the banking industry.

第二條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構負責對全國銀行業金融機構及其業務活動監督管理的工作。

Article 2 The banking supervision institution of the State Council shall be responsible for the supervision over the nationwide banking financial institutions and business activities thereof.

本法所稱銀行業金融機構，是指在中華人民共和國境內設立的商業銀行、城市信用合作社、農村信用合作社等吸收公眾存款的金融機構以及政策性銀行。

For the purposes of this Law, the term "banking financial institutions" shall mean financial institutions established in the People's Republic of China that take deposits from the general public, including, among others, commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives and rural credit cooperatives, and policy banks.

對在中華人民共和國境內設立的金融資產管理公司、信托投資公司、財務公司、金融租賃公司以及經國務院銀行業監督管理機構批準設立的其他金融機構的監督管理，適用本法對銀行業金融機構監督管理的規定。

The provisions of this Law that relate to the regulation of banking institutions apply to financial asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance companies, financial leasing companies and other financial institutions established in the People's Republic of China and approved by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council.

國務院銀行業監督管理機構依照本法有關規定，對經其批準在境外設立的金融機構以及前二款金融機構在境外的業務活動實施監督管理。

The banking supervision institution of the State Council shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the present Law, conduct supervision over the financial institutions established abroad upon its approval and the overseas operations of the financial institutions as mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs.

第三條   銀行業監督管理的目標是促進銀行業的合法、穩健運行，維護公眾對銀行業的信心。

Article 3 The objectives of regulation of the banking industry shall be to promote the legal and stable operation of the banking industry and to safeguard the confidence of the public in the banking industry.

銀行業監督管理應當保護銀行業公平競爭，提高銀行業競爭能力。

The regulation of the banking industry shall protect fair competition in the banking industry and enhance the competitiveness of the banking industry.

第四條   銀行業監督管理機構對銀行業實施監督管理，應當遵循依法、公開、公正和效率的原則。

Article 4 The banking supervision and administration institutions shall, when undertaking banking supervision and administration, observe the principles of legality, openness, impartiality and efficiency.

第五條   銀行業監督管理機構及其從事監督管理工作的人員依法履行監督管理職責，受法律保護。地方政府、各級政府部門、社會團體和個人不得幹涉。

Article 5 The banking supervision institutions and their functionaries engaged in banking supervision shall perform their duties in accordance with the law, shall be protected by law. None of the local governments, government departments of all levels, the social institutions and individuals may interfere with them.

第六條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當和中國人民銀行、國務院其他金融監督管理機構建立監督管理信息共享機制。

Article 6 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall establish supervisory information sharing mechanisms with the People's Bank of China and other financial supervisory authorities under the State Council.

第七條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構可以和其他國家或者地區的銀行業監督管理機構建立監督管理合作機制，實施跨境監督管理。

Article 7 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council may establish supervisory cooperation mechanisms with the banking supervisory authorities in other countries and/or regions to ensure effective supervision and regulation of cross-border banking activities.

第二章 監督管理機構

Chapter 2 Regulatory Authorities

第八條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構根據履行職責的需要設立派出機構。國務院銀行業監督管理機構對派出機構實行統一領導和管理。

Article 8 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council may, if deemed necessary for performing its responsibilities, set up local offices. The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall lead and administer its representative agencies in a unified manner.

國務院銀行業監督管理機構的派出機構在國務院銀行業監督管理機構的授權範圍內，履行監督管理職責。

The agencies of the banking regulatory authority of the State Council shall perform regulatory duties within the scope authorised by the banking regulatory authority of the State Council.

第九條   銀行業監督管理機構從事監督管理工作的人員，應當具備與其任職相適應的專業知識和業務工作經驗。

Article 9 Banking regulatory authority personnel engaged in regulatory work shall possess the professional knowledge and work experience appropriate to their posts.

第十條   銀行業監督管理機構工作人員，應當忠於職守，依法辦事，公正廉潔，不得利用職務便利牟取不正當的利益，不得在金融機構等企業中兼任職務。

Article 10 The functionaries of the banking supervision and administration institutions shall devote to their duties, handle matters in pursuance of the law, be impartial and clean, and may not seek improper interests by taking advantages of their posts or hold concurrent positions in such enterprises as financial institutions.

第十一條   銀行業監督管理機構工作人員，應當依法保守國家秘密，並有責任為其監督管理的銀行業金融機構及當事人保守秘密。

Article 11 The functionaries of banking supervision and administration institutions shall keep secrets of the state according to law, and shall be obligated to keep secrets of the banking financial institutions and the parties concerned under their supervision and administration.

國務院銀行業監督管理機構同其他國家或者地區的銀行業監督管理機構交流監督管理信息，應當就信息保密作出安排。

The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall make relevant arrangements for preserving the confidentiality of information in the process of exchanging supervisory information with the banking supervisory authorities in other countries and/or regions.

第十二條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當公開監督管理程序，建立監督管理責任制度和內部監督制度。

Article 12 The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall disclose the supervision and administration procedures, shall establish supervision and administration responsibility system and internal supervision and administration system.

第十三條   銀行業監督管理機構在處置銀行業金融機構風險、查處有關金融違法行為等監督管理活動中，地方政府、各級有關部門應當予以配合和協助。

Article 13 When the banking regulatory authority is carrying out regulatory activities such as the management of risks in banking financial institutions and the investigation and handling of relevant illegal financial acts, local governments and relevant departments at all levels shall provide assistance.

第十四條   國務院審計、監察等機關，應當依照法律規定對國務院銀行業監督管理機構的活動進行監督。

Article 14 The audit and supervisory authorities under the State Council shall supervise the activities of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with applicable provisions.

第三章 監督管理職責

Chapter 3 Supervision and Administration Responsibilities

第十五條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構依照法律、行政法規制定並發布對銀行業金融機構及其業務活動監督管理的規章、規則。

Article 15 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with applicable laws and administrative regulations, formulate and promulgate supervisory rules and regulations for banking institutions.

第十六條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構依照法律、行政法規規定的條件和程序，審查批準銀行業金融機構的設立、變更、終止以及業務範圍。

Article 16 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with the criteria and procedures stipulated in applicable laws and administrative regulations, authorize the establishment, changes, termination and business scope of banking institutions.

第十七條   申請設立銀行業金融機構，或者銀行業金融機構變更持有資本總額或者股份總額達到規定比例以上的股東的，國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當對股東的資金來源、財務狀況、資本補充能力和誠信狀況進行審查。

Article 17 In the case of an application for establishment of a financial institution in the banking industry, or where a financial institution in the banking industry changes the total amount of capital it holds or the total number of shares of a shareholder reaches or exceeds the stipulated percentage, the banking regulatory authority of the State Council shall examine the source of funds, financial status, capital adequacy and creditworthiness of the shareholders.

第十八條   銀行業金融機構業務範圍內的業務品種，應當按照規定經國務院銀行業監督管理機構審查批準或者備案。需要審查批準或者備案的業務品種，由國務院銀行業監督管理機構依照法律、行政法規作出規定並公布。

Article 18 Products and services offered by a banking institution within its business scope authorized by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall, in accordance with applicable regulations, be subject to prior approval of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council or the report for filing requirement. The types of services that need to be examined and approved or filed for the record shall be stipulated and announced by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with laws and administrative regulations.

第十九條   未經國務院銀行業監督管理機構批準，任何單位或者個人不得設立銀行業金融機構或者從事銀行業金融機構的業務活動。

Article 19 Without the approval of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council, no institution or individual may establish a banking institution or engage in banking businesses.

第二十條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構對銀行業金融機構的董事和高級管理人員實行任職資格管理。具體辦法由國務院銀行業監督管理機構制定。

Article 20 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall conduct fit and proper tests for directors and senior managers. The specific measures shall be formulated by the banking regulatory authority of the State Council.

第二十一條   銀行業金融機構的審慎經營規則，由法律、行政法規規定，也可以由國務院銀行業監督管理機構依照法律、行政法規制定。

Article 21 Prudential regulations and requirements applied to banking institutions may be stipulated in laws or administrative regulations, or formulated by the banking regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations.

前款規定的審慎經營規則，包括風險管理、內部控制、資本充足率、資產質量、損失準備金、風險集中、關聯交易、資產流動性等內容。

Prudent operation rules as mentioned in the preceding paragraph include risk management, internal control, capital adequacy ratio, quality of assets, loss reserves, risk concentration, related-party transactions, liquidity of assets and other contents.

銀行業金融機構應當嚴格遵守審慎經營規則。

Banking financial institutions shall strictly abide by the prudent operation rules.

第二十二條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當在規定的期限，對下列申請事項作出批準或者不批準的書面決定；決定不批準的，應當說明理由：

Article 22 The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall, within the prescribed time limit, make a written decision on approving or disapproving any of the following items; if it decides to disapprove, it shall explain the reasons:

（一）銀行業金融機構的設立，自收到申請文件之日起六個月內；

1. In the case of establishment of a banking institution, within six months from the date of receiving the application documents;

（二）銀行業金融機構的變更、終止，以及業務範圍和增加業務範圍內的業務品種，自收到申請文件之日起三個月內；

(II) In the case of a banking financial institution, within three months of the date on which it receives the application documents, it modifies or terminates, and its business scope or adds new businesses; or

（三）審查董事和高級管理人員的任職資格，自收到申請文件之日起三十日內。

(III) As regards the examination of the qualifications of the directors and senior managerial personnel, the time limit shall be 30 days from the day when the application documents are received.

第二十三條   銀行業監督管理機構應當對銀行業金融機構的業務活動及其風險狀況進行非現場監管，建立銀行業金融機構監督管理信息系統，分析、評價銀行業金融機構的風險狀況。

Article 23 The banking supervision and administration institutions shall conduct non-on-site supervision and administration over the business activities and risk status of the banking financial institutions, shall establish the information system for the supervision and administration over banking financial institutions, and shall analyze and evaluate the risk status of banking financial institutions.

第二十四條   銀行業監督管理機構應當對銀行業金融機構的業務活動及其風險狀況進行現場檢查。

Article 24 The banking supervision and administration institutions shall conduct on-site inspection on the operations and risk status of the banking financial institutions.

國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當制定現場檢查程序，規範現場檢查行為。

The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall formulate on- site inspection procedures, and regulate on-site inspections.

第二十五條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當對銀行業金融機構實行並表監督管理。

Article 25 The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall adopt consolidated financial statements in conducting supervision and administration over the banking financial institutions.

第二十六條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構對中國人民銀行提出的檢查銀行業金融機構的建議，應當自收到建議之日起三十日內予以回複。

Article 26 The banking regulatory authority of the State Council shall issue a reply to any proposal from the People's Bank of China to inspect a banking industry financial institution within 30 days of the date on which the proposal is received.

第二十七條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當建立銀行業金融機構監督管理評級體系和風險預警機制，根據銀行業金融機構的評級情況和風險狀況，確定對其現場檢查的頻率、範圍和需要采取的其他措施。

Article 27 The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall establish a banking financial institution supervision and administration rating system and a risk pre-warning mechanism, and shall, according to the rating and risk situation of a banking financial institution, determine the frequency and scope of on-site inspections, and other necessary measures.

第二十八條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當建立銀行業突發事件的發現、報告崗位責任制度。

Article 28 The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall establish a post responsibility system for the discovery and reporting of banking emergencies.

銀行業監督管理機構發現可能引發系統性銀行業風險、嚴重影響社會穩定的突發事件的，應當立即向國務院銀行業監督管理機構負責人報告；國務院銀行業監督管理機構負責人認為需要向國務院報告的，應當立即向國務院報告，並告知中國人民銀行、國務院財政部門等有關部門。

In case a banking supervision and administration institution discovers any emergency that may result in a systematic banking risk or may seriously affect the stability of the society, it shall immediately report to the person-in-charge of the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council. If the person-in-charge believes it necessary to report to the State Council, he shall do so immediately and shall inform the People's Bank of China, the finance department of the State Council and other relevant departments.

第二十九條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當會同中國人民銀行、國務院財政部門等有關部門建立銀行業突發事件處置制度，制定銀行業突發事件處置預案，明確處置機構和人員及其職責、處置措施和處置程序，及時、有效地處置銀行業突發事件。

Article 29 The banking supervision and administration institutions shall, in collaboration with the People's Bank of China, the finance department of the State Council and other relevant departments, establish a banking emergency handling system, constitute banking emergency disposal plan and clearly specify the handing institutions, the personnel and their duties, the measures and procedures so as to timely and effectively handle any banking emergency.

第三十條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構負責統一編制全國銀行業金融機構的統計數據、報表，並按照國家有關規定予以公布。

Article 30 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall compile and publish statistics and reports of banking institutions in accordance with applicable requirements of the State.

第三十一條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構對銀行業自律組織的活動進行指導和監督。

Article 31 The banking supervision and administration institutions of the State Council shall guide and supervise the activities of the banking self-disciplinary organizations.

銀行業自律組織的章程應當報國務院銀行業監督管理機構備案。

The constitution of any banking self-disciplinary organization shall be submitted to the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council for archival purposes.

第三十二條   國務院銀行業監督管理機構可以開展與銀行業監督管理有關的國際交流、合作活動。

Article 32 The banking regulatory authority under the State Council may engage in the international activities related to banking regulation and supervision.

第四章 監督管理措施

Chapter 4 Supervision Measures

第三十三條   銀行業監督管理機構根據履行職責的需要，有權要求銀行業金融機構按照規定報送資產負債表、利潤表和其他財務會計、統計報表、經營管理資料以及注冊會計師出具的審計報告。

Article 33 The banking supervision and administration institutions shall, in light of the needs to fulfill their duties, be entitled to demand the banking financial institutions to submit their balance sheets, profit statements and other financial and accounting statements, operation management materials and the audit reports issued by certified public accountants.

第三十四條   銀行業監督管理機構根據審慎監管的要求，可以采取下列措施進行現場檢查：

Article 34 In accordance with the requirements of prudent supervision, the banking supervision institutions may take the following measures to conduct on-site inspection:

（一）進入銀行業金融機構進行檢查；

1. to enter a banking institution for inspection;

（二）詢問銀行業金融機構的工作人員，要求其對有關檢查事項作出說明；

(II) To question the functionaries of the banking financial institution, to demand them to give explanations about the relevant to-be-inspected items;

（三）查閱、複制銀行業金融機構與檢查事項有關的文件、資料，對可能被轉移、隱匿或者毀損的文件、資料予以封存；

(III) examining and copying the documents and materials related to the to-be-inspected items, sealing up the documents and materials that may be transferred, hidden or destroyed; and

（四）檢查銀行業金融機構運用電子計算機管理業務數據的系統。

(IV) To examine the banking financial institution's computer system for business data management.

進行現場檢查，應當經銀行業監督管理機構負責人批準。現場檢查時，檢查人員不得少於二人，並應當出示合法證件和檢查通知書；檢查人員少於二人或者未出示合法證件和檢查通知書的，銀行業金融機構有權拒絕檢查。

The on-site examination is subject to prior approval of the head of the banking regulatory authority. In an on- site inspection, the number of inspectors shall not be less than two, and the inspectors shall show their legitimate certificates and the inspection notice. If the number of inspectors is less than two or the inspectors fail to show their legitimate certificates and the inspection notice, the banking financial institution shall have the right to refuse the inspection.

第三十五條   銀行業監督管理機構根據履行職責的需要，可以與銀行業金融機構董事、高級管理人員進行監督管理談話，要求銀行業金融機構董事、高級管理人員就銀行業金融機構的業務活動和風險管理的重大事項作出說明。

Article 35 The banking regulatory authority may, for the purpose of performing its responsibilities, hold supervisory consultations with the directors and senior managers of a banking institution to inquire about the major activities concerning its business operations and risk management.

第三十六條   銀行業監督管理機構應當責令銀行業金融機構按照規定，如實向社會公眾披露財務會計報告、風險管理狀況、董事和高級管理人員變更以及其他重大事項等信息。

Article 36 Banking regulatory authorities shall order banking financial institutions to truthfully disclose to the public information such as financial and accounting reports, risk management status, changes in directors and senior management personnel, and other major matters in accordance with applicable provisions.

第三十七條   銀行業金融機構違反審慎經營規則的，國務院銀行業監督管理機構或者其省一級派出機構應當責令限期改正；逾期未改正的，或者其行為嚴重危及該銀行業金融機構的穩健運行、損害存款人和其他客戶合法權益的，經國務院銀行業監督管理機構或者其省一級派出機構負責人批準，可以區別情形，采取下列措施：

Article 37 In case a banking financial institution violates the prudent operation rules, the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council or any of its dispatched institutions at the province level shall order it to correct within a time limit. In case the banking financial institution fails to do so, or if its offences are so serious that will endanger the steady and sound operation of the banking financial institution or impair the legitimate rights and interests of the depositors or other clients, the following measures may be taken on the basis of different circumstances upon approval of the person-in-charge of the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council:

（一）責令暫停部分業務、停止批準開辦新業務；

1. ordering it to suspend part of its business and stopping approving it to run new business;

（二）限制分配紅利和其他收入；

(II) Restricting its distribution of dividends and other incomes;

（三）限制資產轉讓；

(III) restricting the transfer of assets;

（四）責令控股股東轉讓股權或者限制有關股東的權利；

(IV) To order the controlling shareholders to transfer their stock rights or restrict the powers of relevant shareholders;

（五）責令調整董事、高級管理人員或者限制其權利；

(V) Ordering it to adjust its directors and senior managers or restricting their rights; and

（六）停止批準增設分支機構。

(VI) To stop approving the establishment of any new branches.

銀行業金融機構整改後，應當向國務院銀行業監督管理機構或者其省一級派出機構提交報告。國務院銀行業監督管理機構或者其省一級派出機構經驗收，符合有關審慎經營規則的，應當自驗收完畢之日起三日內解除對其采取的前款規定的有關措施。

The banking institution shall report to the banking regulatory authority under the State Council or its provincial offices once it is restored to meet the prudential regulations or requirements after taking corrective measures. The banking regulatory authority under the State Council or its provincial offices shall terminate the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph within three days after the verification of compliance.

第三十八條   銀行業金融機構已經或者可能發生信用危機，嚴重影響存款人和其他客戶合法權益的，國務院銀行業監督管理機構可以依法對該銀行業金融機構實行接管或者促成機構重組，接管和機構重組依照有關法律和國務院的規定執行。

Article 38 When a banking institution is experiencing or likely to experience a credit crisis, thereby seriously jeopardizing the interests of depositors and other clients, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council may take over the banking institution or facilitate a restructuring. The take-over or restructuring shall be carried out in accordance with applicable laws and administrative regulations.

第三十九條   銀行業金融機構有違法經營、經營管理不善等情形，不予撤銷將嚴重危害金融秩序、損害公眾利益的，國務院銀行業監督管理機構有權予以撤銷。

Article 39 When a banking institution has been found serious violation of laws and regulations, or significant unsafe or unsound practices, thereby seriously threatening financial order and public interests unless it is closed, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority to close it down.

第四十條   銀行業金融機構被接管、重組或者被撤銷的，國務院銀行業監督管理機構有權要求該銀行業金融機構的董事、高級管理人員和其他工作人員，按照國務院銀行業監督管理機構的要求履行職責。

Article 40 In the case of the take-over, restructuring, or closure of a banking institution, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority to require the directors, senior managers and other staff of the banking institution to perform their duties according to the requirements of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council.

在接管、機構重組或者撤銷清算期間，經國務院銀行業監督管理機構負責人批準，對直接負責的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責任人員，可以采取下列措施：

In the course of the take-over, restructuring or liquidation after the closure of a banking institution, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall have the authority, subject to the approval of its Chairman, to take the following measures against the directors and senior managers directly in charge and other staff directly held responsible:

（一）直接負責的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責任人員出境將對國家利益造成重大損失的，通知出境管理機關依法阻止其出境；

1. If the direct liable directors, senior managerial personnel and other direct liable persons leave the territory, and the interests of the state will be subject to a great loss, the exit administrative organs shall be notified to prevent them from leaving the territory;

（二）申請司法機關禁止其轉移、轉讓財產或者對其財產設定其他權利。

(II) To request the judicial authority to prohibit them from moving, transferring their properties or setting other rights on their properties.

第四十一條   經國務院銀行業監督管理機構或者其省一級派出機構負責人批準，銀行業監督管理機構有權查詢涉嫌金融違法的銀行業金融機構及其工作人員以及關聯行為人的賬戶；對涉嫌轉移或者隱匿違法資金的，經銀行業監督管理機構負責人批準，可以申請司法機關予以凍結。

Article 41 The banking supervision and administration institution shall, upon approval of the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council or upon approval of the person-in-charge of its dispatched institution at the province level, be entitled to inquire about the bank accounts of the banking financial institution that is suspected of conducting illegal financial operations, its functionaries and the persons involved. With regard to those who are suspected of transferring or hiding illegal funds, upon approval of the person-in-charge of the banking supervision and administration institution, an application may be filed to the judicial organ for freezing the funds.

第四十二條   銀行業監督管理機構依法對銀行業金融機構進行檢查時，經設區的市一級以上銀行業監督管理機構負責人批準，可以對與涉嫌違法事項有關的單位和個人采取下列措施：

Article 42 When conducting an inspection on a banking financial institution, the banking supervision and administration institution may, upon approval of the person in charge of the banking supervision and administration institution at the level of districted city or above, take the following measures against any entity or individual suspected of being involved in any illegal matter:

（一）詢問有關單位或者個人，要求其對有關情況作出說明；

1. Question the relevant entities or individuals and require them to explain the relevant situation;

（二）查閱、複制有關財務會計、財產權登記等文件、資料；

(II) Consulting and copying relevant financial accounting, property registration and other documents and materials; and

（三）對可能被轉移、隱匿、毀損或者偽造的文件、資料，予以先行登記保存。

(III) Registering and preserving in advance the documents and materials that may be transferred, concealed, destroyed or forged.

銀行業監督管理機構采取前款規定措施，調查人員不得少於二人，並應當出示合法證件和調查通知書；調查人員少於二人或者未出示合法證件和調查通知書的，有關單位或者個人有權拒絕。對依法采取的措施，有關單位和個人應當配合，如實說明有關情況並提供有關文件、資料，不得拒絕、阻礙和隱瞞。

When the banking regulatory authority adopts the measures in the preceding provision, the investigating personnel shall not be less than two persons, and the legal identification documents and notice of investigation shall be presented. Where the number of investigation personnel is less than two or the investigation personnel fail to present the legal identification document and notice of investigation, the relevant entity or individual shall have a right of refusal. The relevant organisations and individuals shall cooperate in the measures adopted pursuant to the law, state the relevant information truthfully and provide the relevant documents and materials, and shall not refuse, hinder or conceal.

第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第四十三條   銀行業監督管理機構從事監督管理工作的人員有下列情形之一的，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 43 When the supervisory staff of the banking regulatory authority commits any of the following acts, he shall be subject to administrative sanctions according to law. If the case constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law:

（一）違反規定審查批準銀行業金融機構的設立、變更、終止，以及業務範圍和業務範圍內的業務品種的；

1. Violating the requirements in examining and approving the establishment, modifications, termination, operation scope and the operation varieties within the operation scope of the banking financial institutions;

（二）違反規定對銀行業金融機構進行現場檢查的；

(II) Conduct on-site examination of banking institutions in violation of regulations;

（三）未依照本法第二十八條規定報告突發事件的；

(III) failing to report the emergencies according to Article 28 of this Law;

（四）違反規定查詢賬戶或者申請凍結資金的；

(IV) Violating the requirements in inquiring about the banking accounts or applying for freezing them;

（五）違反規定對銀行業金融機構采取措施或者處罰的；

(V) to take measures against or punish a banking institution in violation of regulations;

（六）違反本法第四十二條規定對有關單位或者個人進行調查的；

(VI) making an investigation on a relevant entity or individual in violation of Article 42 hereof; or

（七）濫用職權、玩忽職守的其他行為。

(VII) Other acts of abusing power or neglecting duties.

銀行業監督管理機構從事監督管理工作的人員貪汙受賄，泄露國家秘密、商業秘密和個人隱私，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，依法給予行政處分。

In case any functionary for supervision and administration over the banking supervision and administration institutions embezzles public funds, accepts bribes, divulges any state secret, commercial secret or personal privacy, if any crime is constituted, he (she) shall be subject to criminal liabilities; if no crime is constituted, he (she) shall be given an administrative sanction.

第四十四條   擅自設立銀行業金融機構或者非法從事銀行業金融機構的業務活動的，由國務院銀行業監督管理機構予以取締；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，由國務院銀行業監督管理機構沒收違法所得，違法所得五十萬元以上的，並處違法所得一倍以上五倍以下罰款；沒有違法所得或者違法所得不足五十萬元的，處五十萬元以上二百萬元以下罰款。

Article 44 Any one who establishes a banking financial institution without approval or illegally carries on business activities as a banking financial institution shall be banned by the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council; if any crime is constituted, he (she) shall be subject to criminal liabilities; if no crime is constituted, the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council shall confiscate the illegal gains; if the amount of the illegal gains is not less than 500,000 Yuan, a fine of not less than the same amount of but not more than 5 times of the amount of the illegal gains shall be imposed; if there are no illegal gains or the amount of the illegal gains is less than 500,000 Yuan, a fine of 500,000 Yuan up to 2 million Yuan shall be imposed.

第四十五條   銀行業金融機構有下列情形之一，由國務院銀行業監督管理機構責令改正，有違法所得的，沒收違法所得，違法所得五十萬元以上的，並處違法所得一倍以上五倍以下罰款；沒有違法所得或者違法所得不足五十萬元的，處五十萬元以上二百萬元以下罰款；情節特別嚴重或者逾期不改正的，可以責令停業整頓或者吊銷其經營許可證；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 45 In case a banking financial institution is under any of the following circumstances, it shall be ordered to make corrections by the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council. If there are illegal gains, the illegal gains shall be confiscated; if the amount of the illegal gains are not less than 500, 000 Yuan, a fine of not less than the same amount of but not more than 5 times of the amount of the illegal gains shall be imposed; if there are no illegal gains or the amount of the illegal gains are less than 500, 000 Yuan, a fine of 500, 000 up to 2, 000, 000 Yuan shall be imposed. If the circumstance is extremely serious, or if it fails to make corrections within the time limit, the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council may order it to stop its operation for internal rectification or withdraw its business license; if any crime is constituted, it shall be subject to the criminal liabilities according to law:

（一）未經批準設立分支機構的；

1. establishing branches without approval;

（二）未經批準變更、終止的；

(II) carrying out any change or termination without approval;

（三）違反規定從事未經批準或者未備案的業務活動的；

(III) Engaging in business activities without approval or without record-filing in violation of the relevant provisions; or

（四）違反規定提高或者降低存款利率、貸款利率的。

(IV) violating any of the regulations, elevating or lowering savings interest rates and credit interest rates.

第四十六條   銀行業金融機構有下列情形之一，由國務院銀行業監督管理機構責令改正，並處二十萬元以上五十萬元以下罰款；情節特別嚴重或者逾期不改正的，可以責令停業整頓或者吊銷其經營許可證；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 46 In case a banking financial institution is under any of the following circumstances, it shall be ordered to make corrections by the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council, and shall be imposed on a fine of 200, 000 up to 500, 000 Yuan; if the circumstance is extremely serious, or if it fails to make corrections within the time limit, the banking supervision and administration institution of the State Council may order it to stop its operation for internal rectification or revoke its business license; if any crime is constituted, it shall be subject to criminal liabilities according to law:

（一）未經任職資格審查任命董事、高級管理人員的；

1. Appointing directors and senior managers without undergoing qualification examination;

（二）拒絕或者阻礙非現場監管或者現場檢查的；

(II) Refusing or hindering off-site supervision and administration or on- site inspection;

（三）提供虛假的或者隱瞞重要事實的報表、報告等文件、資料的；

(III) providing statements, reports and other documents and materials that are false or wherein important facts are concealed;

（四）未按照規定進行信息披露的；

(IV) Failing to disclose information in accordance with provisions;

（五）嚴重違反審慎經營規則的；

(V) Violating the prudent operation rules seriously; or

（六）拒絕執行本法第三十七條規定的措施的。

(VI) refusing to implement any of the measures stipulated in Article 37 hereof.

第四十七條   銀行業金融機構不按照規定提供報表、報告等文件、資料的，由銀行業監督管理機構責令改正，逾期不改正的，處十萬元以上三十萬元以下罰款。

Article 47 When a banking institution fails to submit statements, reports, documents or materials in accordance with regulations, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council shall order it to take corrective measures. If the banking institution fails to make correction within the prescribed period of time, the banking regulatory authority may impose a fine ranging from 100,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

第四十八條   銀行業金融機構違反法律、行政法規以及國家有關銀行業監督管理規定的，銀行業監督管理機構除依照本法第四十四條至第四十七條規定處罰外，還可以區別不同情形，采取下列措施：

Article 48 When a banking institution violates laws, administrative regulations or other regulations of the State on banking regulation, the banking regulatory authority may, in addition to the enforcement actions prescribed in Articles 43 to 46 hereof, take the following measures depending on the circumstances:

（一）責令銀行業金融機構對直接負責的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責任人員給予紀律處分；

1. to order the banking financial institution to impose disciplinary sanctions upon the directly liable directors, senior managers and other directly liable persons;

（二）銀行業金融機構的行為尚不構成犯罪的，對直接負責的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責任人員給予警告，處五萬元以上五十萬元以下罰款；

(II) If the offences of the banking financial institution constitute no crime, the direct liable directors, senior managerial personnel and other direct liable persons shall be given a warning, and be imposed on a fine of 50, 000 up to 500, 000 Yuan;

（三）取消直接負責的董事、高級管理人員一定期限直至終身的任職資格，禁止直接負責的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責任人員一定期限直至終身從事銀行業工作。

(III) Disqualifying the direct liable directors, senior managerial personnel from taking the positions for a certain period even a life-long period, prohibiting the direct liable directors, senior managerial personnel and other direct liable persons from engaging in banking operations for a certain period even a life-long period.

第四十九條   阻礙銀行業監督管理機構工作人員依法執行檢查、調查職務的，由公安機關依法給予治安管理處罰；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 49 Persons who hinder legitimate inspection and investigation by personnel of the banking regulatory authority shall be subject to public security punishment imposed by the public security department pursuant to the law; where the case constitutes a criminal offence, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.

第六章 附 則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第五十條   對在中華人民共和國境內設立的政策性銀行、金融資產管理公司的監督管理，法律、行政法規另有規定的，依照其規定。

Article 50 Where there are other provisions in any law or administrative regulation concerning the regulation of policy banks or financial asset management companies established in the People's Republic of China, such provisions shall prevail.

第五十一條   對在中華人民共和國境內設立的外資銀行業金融機構、中外合資銀行業金融機構、外國銀行業金融機構的分支機構的監督管理，法律、行政法規另有規定的，依照其規定。

Article 51 Where the laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise the Regulation of the wholly foreign-funded banking institutions, Sino-foreign joint venture banking institutions and branches of foreign banking institutions that are established in the People's Republic of China, these provisions shall prevail.

第五十二條   本法自2004年2月1日起施行。

Article 52. This Law shall be effective 1 February 2004.