法律文本

中華人民共和國檔案法（2016修正）

Archives Law of the People's Republic of China (2016 Revision)

（1987年9月5日第六屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十二次會議通過 根據1996年7月5日第八屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國檔案法〉的決定》第一次修正 根據2016年11月7日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國對外貿易法〉等十二部法律的決定》第二次修正）

(Adopted at the 22nd Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on September 5, 1987; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Revising the Archival Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 20th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on July 5, 1996; and amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising Twelve Laws including the Foreign Trade Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 24th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on November 7, 2016)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了加強對檔案的管理和收集、整理工作，有效地保護和利用檔案，為社會主義現代化建設服務，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the management, collection and arrangement of archives and effectively protecting and using archives in the service of socialist modernization.

第二條   本法所稱的檔案，是指過去和現在的國家機構、社會組織以及個人從事政治、軍事、經濟、科學、技術、文化、宗教等活動直接形成的對國家和社會有保存價值的各種文字、圖表、聲象等不同形式的曆史記錄。

Article 2 For the purpose of this Law, "archives" mean historical records in various forms, including writings in different languages, pictures, diagrams, audio-visual, etc., whose preservation is of value to the State and society and which have been or are being directly formed by State organs, public organizations and individuals in their political, military, economic, scientific, technological, cultural, religious and other activities.

第三條   一切國家機關、武裝力量、政黨、社會團體、企業事業單位和公民都有保護檔案的義務。

Article 3 Every State organ, unit of the armed forces, political party, public organization, enterprise, institution and every citizen shall have the obligation to protect archives.

第四條   各級人民政府應當加強對檔案工作的領導，把檔案事業的建設列入國民經濟和社會發展計劃。

Article 4 The people's governments at various levels shall strengthen their leadership in archival work and incorporate the development of undertakings of archives into the program of the national economic and social development.

第五條   檔案工作實行統一領導、分級管理的原則，維護檔案完整與安全，便於社會各方面的利用。

Article 5 In archival work, the principle of unified leadership and administration at different levels shall be practiced in order to ensure the integrity and safety of archives and facilitate their use by people of various quarters of society.

第二章 檔案機構及其職責

Chapter 2 Archives Institutions and Their Responsibilities

第六條   國家檔案行政管理部門主管全國檔案事業，對全國的檔案事業實行統籌規劃，組織協調，統一制度，監督和指導。

Article 6 The national archival administration department shall be responsible for archival work throughout the country. It shall make an overall plan, coordinate the organizations, unify the systems, and exercise supervision and provide guidance with regard to the undertakings of archives in the whole country.

縣級以上地方各級人民政府的檔案行政管理部門主管本行政區域內的檔案事業，並對本行政區域內機關、團體、企業事業單位和其他組織的檔案工作實行監督和指導。

The archival administrations of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the undertakings of archives within their respective administrative areas. They shall supervise and direct the archival work of the State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations under their jurisdiction.

鄉、民族鄉、鎮人民政府應當指定人員負責保管本機關的檔案，並對所屬單位的檔案工作實行監督和指導。

The people's governments of townships, nationality townships, and towns shall designate personnel to take charge of preserving the archives of their own offices and to supervise and direct the archival work of their subordinate units.

第七條   機關、團體、企業事業單位和其他組織的檔案機構或者檔案工作人員，負責保管本單位的檔案，並對所屬機構的檔案工作實行監督和指導。

Article 7 The archival institutions or archivists of State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations shall be responsible for preserving the archives of their own units and supervise and direct the archival work of their subordinate units.

第八條   中央和縣級以上地方各級各類檔案館，是集中管理檔案的文化事業機構，負責接收、收集、整理、保管和提供利用各分管範圍內的檔案。

Article 8 The national archival repositories and local archival repositories of various types at or above the county level shall be cultural institutions for the centralized administration of archives. They shall be responsible for receiving, collecting, arranging and keeping archives within their respective jurisdiction and making them available to users.

第九條   檔案工作人員應當忠於職守，遵守紀律，具備專業知識。

Article 9 Archivists shall be devoted to their duty, observe discipline and possess professional knowledge.

在檔案的收集、整理、保護和提供利用等方面成績顯著的單位或者個人，由各級人民政府給予獎勵。

Units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in the collection, arrangement and protection of archives and in making them available to users shall be rewarded by the people's governments at the relevant levels.

第三章 檔案的管理

Chapter III Management of Archives

第十條   對國家規定的應當立卷歸檔的材料，必須按照規定，定期向本單位檔案機構或者檔案工作人員移交，集中管理，任何個人不得據為己有。

Article 10 Materials of a unit that should be filed and kept as archives pursuant to State regulations must, in accordance with the relevant regulations, be regularly handed over to the archival division or archivists of the unit for centralized administration. Nobody may keep such materials as his personal property.

國家規定不得歸檔的材料，禁止擅自歸檔。

Materials that should not be kept as archives pursuant to State regulations shall not be kept as archives without due authorization.

第十一條   機關、團體、企業事業單位和其他組織必須按照國家規定，定期向檔案館移交檔案。

Article 11 State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations must, in accordance with State regulations, regularly hand over archives to the archival repositories concerned.

第十二條   博物館、圖書館、紀念館等單位保存的文物、圖書資料同時是檔案的，可以按照法律和行政法規的規定，由上述單位自行管理。

Article 12 The cultural relics, books and reference materials which are kept in museums, libraries and memorial halls and are concurrently archives may be administered by the above-mentioned units in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative rules and regulations.

檔案館與上述單位應當在檔案的利用方面互相協作。

Archives repositories shall cooperate with the above-mentioned units in the use of archives.

第十三條   各級各類檔案館，機關、團體、企業事業單位和其他組織的檔案機構，應當建立科學的管理制度，便於對檔案的利用；配置必要的設施，確保檔案的安全；采用先進技術，實現檔案管理的現代化。

Article 13 Archival repositories of all types and at all levels and archival divisions of State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations shall establish a system of scientific administration to facilitate the use of archives. They shall be equipped with necessary facilities to ensure the safety of the archives. They shall adopt advanced technology to modernize the administration of archives.

第十四條   保密檔案的管理和利用，密級的變更和解密，必須按照國家有關保密的法律和行政法規的規定辦理。

Article 14 The administration and use of confidential archives, changes in their security classification, and the declassification of such archives must be effected according to the provisions of the laws and administrative rules and regulations of the State regarding secrecy.

第十五條   鑒定檔案保存價值的原則、保管期限的標準以及銷毀檔案的程序和辦法，由國家檔案行政管理部門制定。禁止擅自銷毀檔案。

Article 15 The principles by which the value of archives for preservation is appraised, the standards for determining the periods of preservation, and the procedures and methods for destroying archives shall be formulated by the national archival administration department. It shall be forbidden to destroy archives without authorization.

第十六條   集體所有的和個人所有的對國家和社會具有保存價值的或者應當保密的檔案，檔案所有者應當妥善保管。對於保管條件惡劣或者其他原因被認為可能導致檔案嚴重損毀和不安全的，國家檔案行政管理部門有權采取代為保管等確保檔案完整和安全的措施；必要時，可以收購或者征購。

Article 16 Collectively-owned or individually-owned archives whose preservation is of value to the State and society or which should be kept confidential shall be properly taken care of by the owners. If the archives are considered liable to serious damage or unsafe because of the adverse conditions under which they are kept or because of any other reason, the national archival administration department shall have the power to take such measures as may ensure the integrity and safety of the archives, such as by keeping the archives on the owner's behalf or, when necessary, by purchasing such archives or requisitioning them by purchase.

前款所列檔案，檔案所有者可以向國家檔案館寄存或者出賣。嚴禁賣給、贈送給外國人或者外國組織。

With respect to the archives mentioned in the preceding paragraph, owners may deposit them with or sell them to State archival repositories. It shall be strictly forbidden to sell them or give them to foreigners or foreign organizations.

向國家捐贈檔案的，檔案館應當予以獎勵。

Whoever donates archives to the State shall be rewarded by the archival repositories concerned.

第十七條   禁止出賣屬於國家所有的檔案。

Article 17 The sale of archives owned by the State shall be prohibited.

國有企業事業單位資產轉讓時，轉讓有關檔案的具體辦法由國家檔案行政管理部門制定。

Specific measures for the simultaneous transfer of records regarding the assets to be transferred by State-owned enterprises or institutions shall be formulated by the national archival administration department.

檔案複制件的交換、轉讓和出賣，按照國家規定辦理。

The exchange, transfer and sale of duplicates of archives shall be handled according to State regulations.

第十八條   屬於國家所有的檔案和本法第十六條規定的檔案以及這些檔案的複制件，禁止私自攜運出境。

Article 18 State-owned archives and the archives specified in Article 16 of this Law as well as duplicates of such archives shall not be carried or transported out of the country without authorization.

第四章 檔案的利用和公布

Chapter IV Use and Release of Archives

第十九條   國家檔案館保管的檔案，一般應當自形成之日起滿三十年向社會開放。經濟、科學、技術、文化等類檔案向社會開放的期限，可以少於三十年，涉及國家安全或者重大利益以及其他到期不宜開放的檔案向社會開放的期限，可以多於三十年，具體期限由國家檔案行政管理部門制訂，報國務院批準施行。

Article 19 Archives kept by State archival repositories shall in general be open to the public upon the expiration of 30 years from the date of their formation. Archives in economic, scientific, technological and cultural fields may be open to the public in less than 30 years; archives involving the security or vital interests of the State and other archives which remain unsuitable for accessibility to the public upon the expiration of 30 years may be open to the public after more than 30 years. The specific time limits shall be defined by the national archival administration department and submitted to the State Council for approval before they become effective.

檔案館應當定期公布開放檔案的目錄，並為檔案的利用創造條件，簡化手續，提供方便。

Each Archives shall regularly publish the catalogue of archives that are open to the public, create conditions and simplify procedures for the convenient use of archives.

中華人民共和國公民和組織持有合法證明，可以利用已經開放的檔案。

Citizens and organizations of the People's Republic of China possessing lawful identifications may use archives which are open to the public.

第二十條   機關、團體、企業事業單位和其他組織以及公民根據經濟建設、國防建設、教學科研和其他各項工作的需要，可以按照有關規定，利用檔案館未開放的檔案以及有關機關、團體、企業事業單位和其他組織保存的檔案。

Article 20 State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions, other organizations and citizens may, according to needs in economic construction, national defense construction, education, scientific research and other work, and pursuant to the relevant regulations, use the archives which are not yet open to the public and the archives which are preserved by relevant State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions or other organizations.

利用未開放檔案的辦法，由國家檔案行政管理部門和有關主管部門規定。

Measures for using the archives that are not yet open to the public shall be laid down by the national archives administration department and competent authorities.

第二十一條   向檔案館移交、捐贈、寄存檔案的單位和個人，對其檔案享有優先利用權，並可對其檔案中不宜向社會開放的部分提出限制利用的意見，檔案館應當維護他們的合法權益。

Article 21 Units or individuals that have transferred or donated archives to archives repositories or deposited archives with them shall have priority in the use of such archives and may propose restrictions on the use of parts of the archives that are not suitable for accessibility to the public, and the archives repositories shall protect the lawful rights and interests of such units or individuals.

第二十二條   屬於國家所有的檔案，由國家授權的檔案館或者有關機關公布；未經檔案館或者有關機關同意，任何組織和個人無權公布。

Article 22 State-owned archives shall be made public by archival repositories or State organs authorized by the State; no organization or individual shall have the right to make public such archives without permission from such archival repositories or State organs.

集體所有的和個人所有的檔案，檔案的所有者有權公布，但必須遵守國家有關規定，不得損害國家安全和利益，不得侵犯他人的合法權益。

With respect to collectively-owned or individually-owned archives, the owners shall have the right to make them public but they must abide by the relevant State regulations, and may not endanger the security and interests of the State or encroach upon the lawful rights and interests of others.

第二十三條   各級各類檔案館應當配備研究人員，加強對檔案的研究整理，有計劃地組織編輯出版檔案材料，在不同範圍內發行。

Article 23 Archival repositories of all types and at all levels shall have research personnel to improve research in arrangement of archives, and compile and publish archives in a planned way for distribution within various circles.

第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第二十四條   下列行為之一的，由縣級以上人民政府檔案行政管理部門、有關主管部門對直接負責的主管人員或者其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 24 If any of the following acts is committed, the archival administration of the people's government at or above the county level, or the competent authorities concerned shall, in accordance with law, impose administrative sanctions on persons directly in charge or other persons directly responsible for the case; and if the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

（一）損毀、丟失屬於國家所有的檔案的；

1. damaging or losing State-owned archives;

（二）擅自提供、抄錄、公布、銷毀屬於國家所有的檔案的；

2. providing, transcribing, publicizing, or destroying State-owned archives without authorization;

（三）塗改、偽造檔案的；

(III) altering or forging archives;

（四）違反本法第十七條規定，擅自出賣或者轉讓屬於國家所有的檔案的；

(IV) selling or transferring archives owned by the State without authorization in violation of Article 17 hereof;

（五）將檔案賣給、贈送給外國人或者外國組織的；

(V) selling or giving the archives to foreigners or foreign organizations;

（六）違反本法第十條、第十一條規定，不按規定歸檔或者不按期移交檔案的；

(VI) failing to file records in accordance with regulations or failing to transfer archives as scheduled, in violation of the provisions of Article 10 or Article 11 of this Law;

（七）明知所保存的檔案面臨危險而不采取措施，造成檔案損失的；

(VII) failing to adopt any measures for the archives being preserved, with knowledge that they are in danger, thus causing damage to the archives; or

（八）檔案工作人員玩忽職守，造成檔案損失的。

(VIII) causing losses to archives as a result of neglect of duty by archivists.

在利用檔案館的檔案中，有前款第一項、第二項、第三項違法行為的，由縣級以上人民政府檔案行政管理部門給予警告，可以並處罰款；造成損失的，責令賠償損失。

Whoever commits an illegal act as specified in sub-paragraph (1), (2) or (3) of the preceding paragraph in the course of using records of an archival repository, the archival administration department of the people's government at or above the county level shall give him a warning and may also impose a penalty; those who have caused losses shall be ordered to compensate the losses.

企業事業組織或者個人有第一款第四項、第五項違法行為的，由縣級以上人民政府檔案行政管理部門給予警告，可以並處罰款；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得；並可以依照本法第十六條的規定征購所出賣或者贈送的檔案。

If an enterprise, institution or individual commits an illegal act as specified in sub-paragraph (4) or (5) of the first paragraph, the archival administration department of the people's government at or above the county level shall issue a warning, and may also impose a fine; the illegal income, if there is any, shall be confiscated; and the archives that have been sold or given away may be requisitioned by purchase according to the provisions of Article 16 of this Law.

第二十五條   攜運禁止出境的檔案或者其複制件出境的，由海關予以沒收，可以並處罰款；並將沒收的檔案或者其複制件移交檔案行政管理部門；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 25 Where anyone carries archives or duplicates thereof, the exit of which from the country is forbidden, out of the territory of the country, such archives or duplicates thereof shall be confiscated by the Customs, a fine may also be imposed; and the confiscated archives or duplicates thereof shall be transferred to the archival administration department; if the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

第六章 附 則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第二十六條   本法實施辦法，由國家檔案行政管理部門制定，報國務院批準後施行。

Article 26 Measures for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the national archival administration department and shall enter into force after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.

第二十七條   本法自1988年1月1日起施行。

Article 27 This Law shall go into effect as of January 1, 1988.