法律文本

中華人民共和國航道法（2016修正）

Waterway Law of the People’s Republic of China (Revision 2016)

（2014年12月28日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十二次會議通過 根據2016年7月2日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十一次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國節約能源法〉等六部法律的決定》修正）

(Adopted at the 12th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on December 28, 2014, and revised according to the Decision on Revising Six Laws including the Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 21st Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on July 2, 2016)

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了規範和加強航道的規劃、建設、養護、保護，保障航道暢通和通航安全，促進水路運輸發展，制定本法。

Article 1 The Channel Law (hereinafter referred to as the "Law") is formulated with a view to standardizing and strengthening channel planning, construction, maintenance and protection, ensuring smooth and safe channels and promoting the development of waterway transport.

第二條   本法所稱航道，是指中華人民共和國領域內的江河、湖泊等內陸水域中可以供船舶通航的通道，以及內海、領海中經建設、養護可以供船舶通航的通道。航道包括通航建築物、航道整治建築物和航標等航道設施。

Article 2 For the purpose of the Law, waterways refer to channels in rivers, lakes and other inland waters within the territory of the People's Republic of China that can be used for ship navigation, as well as channels constructed and maintained in inland seas and territorial waters that can be used for ship navigation. Waterway facilities include navigation structures, waterway regulation structures and navigation marks.

第三條   規劃、建設、養護、保護航道，應當根據經濟社會發展和國防建設的需要，遵循綜合利用和保護水資源、保護生態環境的原則，服從綜合交通運輸體系建設和防洪總體安排，統籌兼顧供水、灌溉、發電、漁業等需求，發揮水資源的綜合效益。

Article 3 Waterway planning, construction, maintenance and protection shall be carried out on the basis of the needs of economic and social development and national defense, under the principles of comprehensive utilization and protection of water resources and biological resources, in line with the overall arrangements for the development of an integrated transportation system and flood control, and in light of the needs for water supply, irrigation, power generation, and fishing, to bring the comprehensive benefits from water resources into play.

第四條   國務院和有關縣級以上地方人民政府應當加強對航道工作的領導，組織、協調、督促有關部門采取措施，保持和改善航道通航條件，保護航道安全，維護航道網絡完整和暢通。

Article 4 The State Council and local people's governments at county level or above shall strengthen the leadership in channel work, and organize, coordinate with, and urge the relevant authorities to take measures to maintain and improve channel navigation conditions, protect channel safety, and maintain the integrity and fluency of channel networks.

國務院和有關縣級以上地方人民政府應當根據經濟社會發展水平和航道建設、養護的需要，在財政預算中合理安排航道建設和養護資金。

The State Council and local people's governments at county level or above shall allocate rationally the channel construction and maintenance funds in the fiscal budgets pursuant to the economic and social development as well as the channel construction and maintenance demands.

第五條   國務院交通運輸主管部門主管全國航道管理工作，並按照國務院的規定直接管理跨省、自治區、直轄市的重要幹線航道和國際、國境河流航道等重要航道。

Article 5 The competent transport department under the State Council shall take charge of the waterway administration nationwide, and administer directly, in accordance with the provisions of the State Council, important trunk waterways running across provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government and important waterways including international and cross-border river waterways.

縣級以上地方人民政府交通運輸主管部門按照省、自治區、直轄市人民政府的規定主管所轄航道的管理工作。

The competent transport authorities under the local people's governments at county level or above shall take charge of the administration over waterways within their respective jurisdictions as required by the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government.

國務院交通運輸主管部門按照國務院規定設置的負責航道管理的機構和縣級以上地方人民政府負責航道管理的部門或者機構（以下統稱負責航道管理的部門），承擔本法規定的航道管理工作。

The channel administration assignments specified herein shall be under the charge of the body responsible for such efforts set up by the competent transport department under the State Council pursuant to the provisions of the State Council as well as the departments and bodies responsible for such efforts under the local people's governments at county level or above (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "authorities responsible for channel administration").

第二章 航道規劃

Chapter 2 Channel Planning

第六條   航道規劃分為全國航道規劃、流域航道規劃、區域航道規劃和省、自治區、直轄市航道規劃。

Article 6 Waterway plans are classified into national Waterway plans, river basin Waterway plans, regional Waterway plans, and Waterway plans at the levels of province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government.

航道規劃應當包括航道的功能定位、規劃目標、發展規劃技術等級、規劃實施步驟以及保障措施等內容。

A waterway plan shall cover waterways' function positioning, purpose, technical class of development planning, implementation steps, supporting measures and other contents.

航道規劃應當符合依法制定的流域、區域綜合規劃，符合水資源規劃、防洪規劃和海洋功能區劃，並與涉及水資源綜合利用的相關專業規劃以及依法制定的城鄉規劃、環境保護規劃等其他相關規劃和軍事設施保護區劃相協調。

Waterway plans shall be in line with the comprehensive river basin and regional plans formulated in accordance with the law as well as water resource plans, flood control plans, and marine function zoning, and shall be coordinated with the relevant special plans relating to comprehensive water resource utilization, urban-rural plans, environmental protection plans and other relevant plans formulated in accordance with the law, as well as the protection zones for military facilities.

第七條   航道應當劃分技術等級。航道技術等級包括現狀技術等級和發展規劃技術等級。航道發展規劃技術等級根據相關自然條件以及防洪、供水、水資源保護、生態環境保護要求和航運發展需求等因素評定。

Article 7 Channels shall be technically graded. Channel technical class includes current technical class and development planning technical class. The channel development planning technical class shall be rated as per the relevant natural conditions, requirements for flood control, water supply, water resource protection, and ecological environment protection, navigation development needs, and other factors.

第八條   全國航道規劃由國務院交通運輸主管部門會同國務院發展改革部門、國務院水行政主管部門等部門編制，報國務院批準公布。流域航道規劃、區域航道規劃由國務院交通運輸主管部門編制並公布。

Article 8 The national channel plan is prepared by the competent transport department under the State Council, together with the development and reform department under the State Council and the competent water administration department under the State Council, and reported to the State Council for approval. The river basin channel plans and regional channel plans are prepared and promulgated by the competent transport department under the State Council.

省、自治區、直轄市航道規劃由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府交通運輸主管部門會同同級發展改革部門、水行政主管部門等部門編制，報省、自治區、直轄市人民政府會同國務院交通運輸主管部門批準公布。

Waterway plans of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be prepared by the competent transport departments under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government together with the development and reform departments, water administrative departments and other departments at the same level, and be submitted to the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government together with the competent transport department under the State Council for approval and publication.

編制航道規劃應當征求有關部門和有關軍事機關的意見，並依法進行環境影響評價。涉及海域、重要漁業水域的，應當有同級海洋主管部門、漁業行政主管部門參加。編制全國航道規劃和流域航道規劃、區域航道規劃應當征求相關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府的意見。

For drafting a waterway plan, the opinions of the relevant departments and military authorities shall be sought and an environmental impact assessment shall be conducted as required by law. Where sea areas or important fishing areas are involved, the participation of the competent marine authorities or fishery administrative departments at the same level is required. For drafting of a national channel plan, river basin channel plan or regional channel plan, the opinions of the people's government of the relevant province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall be sought.

流域航道規劃、區域航道規劃和省、自治區、直轄市航道規劃應當符合全國航道規劃。

River basin channel plans, regional channel plans, and the channel plans at the levels of province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government shall be in line with the national channel plan.

第九條   依法制定並公布的航道規劃應當依照執行；航道規劃確需修改的，依照規劃編制程序辦理。

Article 9 Waterway plans drafted and promulgated in accordance with the law shall be implemented in accordance with the law; any modification to a waterway plan that is truly necessary shall be handled in accordance with procedures therein.

第三章 航道建設

Chapter III Waterway Construction

第十條   新建航道以及為改善航道通航條件而進行的航道工程建設，應當遵守法律、行政法規關於建設工程質量管理、安全管理和生態環境保護的規定，符合航道規劃，執行有關的國家標準、行業標準和技術規範，依法辦理相關手續。

Article 10 New channels to be constructed and channel engineering construction for the purpose of improving the navigation conditions shall comply with provisions in laws and administrative regulations concerning quality management, safety management and ecological environment protection of construction projects and be subject to channel planning and the relevant national, industrial and technical standards and shall go through the relevant procedures in accordance with the law.

第十一條   航道建設單位應當根據航道建設工程的技術要求，依法通過招標等方式選擇具有相應資質的勘察、設計、施工和監理單位進行工程建設，對工程質量和安全進行監督檢查，並對工程質量和安全負責。

Article 11 Channel construction entities shall, pursuant to the technical requirements of channel construction projects, select in accordance with the law the survey, design, construction and supervision entities with the required qualifications through bidding or otherwise to conduct channel construction, supervise and examine the project quality and safety, and take charge of project quality and safety.

從事航道工程建設的勘察、設計、施工和監理單位，應當依照法律、行政法規的規定取得相應的資質，並在其資質等級許可的範圍內從事航道工程建設活動，依法對勘察、設計、施工、監理的質量和安全負責。

The survey, design, construction and supervision entities engaged in channel project construction shall acquire the required qualifications in accordance with laws and administrative regulations, and carry out the channel project construction within the scope licensed by their level of qualifications and shall be responsible for quality and safety of survey, design, construction and supervision in accordance with the law.

第十二條   有關縣級以上人民政府交通運輸主管部門應當加強對航道建設工程質量和安全的監督檢查，保障航道建設工程的質量和安全。

Article 12 The competent transport authorities under the concerned people's governments at county level or above shall enhance supervision and inspection over quality and safety of channel construction projects, with a view to guaranteeing the quality and safety of channel construction projects.

第十三條   航道建設工程竣工後，應當按照國家有關規定組織竣工驗收，經驗收合格方可正式投入使用。

Article 13 After the waterway construction is over, final inspection shall be conducted in line with the relevant national provisions and waterways can be put into operation officially only after they pass the inspection satisfactorily.

航道建設單位應當自航道建設工程竣工驗收合格之日起六十日內，將竣工測量圖報送負責航道管理的部門。沿海航道的竣工測量圖還應當報送海軍航海保證部門。

Channel construction entities shall, within 60 days after the satisfaction of final inspection on channel construction projects, submit the as-built surveying drawings to the authorities responsible for channel administration. The as-built surveying drawings of coastal channels shall also be submitted to the departments for assuring navy sailing.

第十四條   進行航道工程建設應當維護河勢穩定，符合防洪要求，不得危及依法建設的其他工程或者設施的安全。因航道工程建設損壞依法建設的其他工程或者設施的，航道建設單位應當予以修複或者依法賠償。

Article 14 Waterway project construction shall be conducted under the precondition of river stability and flood control, and shall not endanger the safety of other legally constructed projects or facilities. Waterway construction entities shall be responsible for repairing or making compensation in accordance with the law if their waterway construction causes damage to other legally constructed projects or facilities.

第四章 航道養護

Chapter 4 Channel Maintenance

第十五條   國務院交通運輸主管部門應當制定航道養護技術規範。

Article 15 The competent transport department under the State Council shall work out the waterway maintenance technical specifications.

負責航道管理的部門應當按照航道養護技術規範進行航道養護，保證航道處於良好通航技術狀態。

The authorities responsible for channel administration shall conduct channel maintenance in line with channel maintenance technical specifications and guarantee that the channels technically stay in good navigation condition.

第十六條   負責航道管理的部門應當根據航道現狀技術等級或者航道自然條 件確定並公布航道維護尺度和內河航道圖。

Article 16 The authorities responsible for channel administration shall, as per the current status technical class or natural conditions of channels, fix and publish channel maintenance dimensions and inland channel drawings.

航道維護尺度是指航道在不同水位期應當保持的水深、寬度、彎曲半徑等技術要求。

Channel maintenance dimension refers to the technical requirements on water depth, width and bending radius to be maintained for the channel at different water levels.

第十七條   負責航道管理的部門應當按照國務院交通運輸主管部門的規定對航道進行巡查，發現航道實際尺度達不到航道維護尺度或者有其他不符合保證船舶通航安全要求的情形，應當進行維護，及時發布航道通告並通報海事管理機構。

Article 17 The authorities responsible for channel administration shall, pursuant to the provisions set forth by the competent transport department under the State Council, conduct patrol inspection on the channels, maintain the channels whose actual dimensions falling below the channel maintenance dimensions or channels with other situations that are inconsistent with the safe navigation requirements, and publish the navigation circulars in a timely manner and advise the marine administrations of the situation.

第十八條   海事管理機構發現航道損毀等危及通航安全的情形，應當及時通報負責航道管理的部門，並采取必要的安全保障措施。

Article 18 The marine administrations shall advise the authorities responsible for channel administration in a timely manner in case that any situations endangering the navigation safety including channel being damaged are discovered, and take necessary security measures.

其他單位和人員發現航道損毀等危及通航安全的情形，應當及時報告負責航道管理的部門或者海事管理機構。

Other organizations and individuals shall advise the authorities responsible for channel administration and marine administrations in a timely manner in case that any situations endangering the navigation safety including a channel being damaged are discovered.

第十九條   負責航道管理的部門應當合理安排航道養護作業，避免限制通航的集中作業和在通航高峰期作業。

Article 19 The authorities responsible for channel administration shall rationally arrange the channel maintenance operation and shall avoid the centralized operation that will hinder the navigation and operations to be performed during the navigation peak hours.

負責航道管理的部門進行航道疏浚、清障等影響通航的航道養護活動，或者確需限制通航的養護作業的，應當設置明顯的作業標志，采取必要的安全措施，並提前通報海事管理機構，保證過往船舶通行以及依法建設的工程設施的安全。養護作業結束後，應當及時清除影響航道通航條件的作業標志及其他殘留物，恢複正常通航。

The waterway administration authorities shall configure remarkable operation signs, take the necessary safety measures, and advise the marine administrations in advance during the periods when the waterway maintenance activities affecting the navigation such as waterway dredging and obstacles removing are performed or the maintenance operations requiring definitive navigation prohibition are required, so that the passage of the passing ships and security of the engineering facilities built statutorily are guaranteed. After the maintenance operations are over, the operation signs and other residues affecting the navigation conditions shall be removed in a timely manner to return the channels to the normal navigation conditions.

第二十條   進行航道養護作業可能造成航道堵塞的，有關負責航道管理的部門應當會同海事管理機構事先通報相關區域負責航道管理的部門和海事管理機構，共同制定船舶疏導方案，並向社會公告。

Article 20 Where channel maintenance operations will probably obstruct the channels, the relevant authorities responsible for channel administration shall, in concert with the relevant marine administrations, advise the authorities responsible for channel administration and the marine administrations of the regions concerned in advance, so that they can work together to work out the ships diversion plan and publicize the same to the public.

第二十一條   因自然災害、事故災難等突發事件造成航道損壞、阻塞的，負責航道管理的部門應當按照突發事件應急預案盡快修複搶通；必要時由縣級以上人民政府組織盡快修複搶通。

Article 21 If the waterways are damaged or obstructed because of the occurrence of unexpected events such as natural disasters, and accidents, the waterway administration authorities shall organize as soon as possible the rush repair for reopening pursuant to the emergency plans; the people's governments at county level or above shall organize the rush repair for reopening in case of necessary.

船舶、設施或者其他物體在航道水域中沉沒，影響航道暢通和通航安全的，其所有人或者經營人應當立即報告負責航道管理的部門和海事管理機構，按照規定自行或者委托負責航道管理的部門或者海事管理機構代為設置標志，並應當在海事管理機構限定的時間內打撈清除。

The owners or operators shall advise the authorities responsible for channel administration and marine administrations immediately in the event that any ship, facility or other object sinks in the channel waters, thereby affecting channel fluency and navigation security. In accordance with the relevant provisions, they shall configure signs on their own or commission authorities responsible for channel administration and marine administrations to configure signs and salvage and clear the described ship, facility or other object within the period of time permitted by the marine administrations.

第二十二條   航標的設置、養護、保護和管理，依照有關法律、行政法規和國家標準或者行業標準的規定執行。

Article 22 Setup, maintenance, protection and management of navigation marks shall be in line with the provisions under the relevant laws, administrative regulations, and national or industrial standards.

第二十三條   部隊執行任務、戰備訓練需要使用航道的，負責航道管理的部門應當給予必要的支持和協助。

Article 23 If the forces need to use the channels for the performance of tasks and readiness training, the authorities responsible for channel administration shall provide the necessary support and assistance.

第五章 航道保護

Chapter 5 Channel Protection

第二十四條   新建、改建、擴建（以下統稱建設）跨越、穿越航道的橋梁、隧道、管道、纜線等建築物、構築物，應當符合該航道發展規劃技術等級對通航淨高、淨寬、埋設深度等航道通航條件的要求。

Article 24 If the new construction, renovation, and expansion (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "construction") of structures and buildings crossing over and passing through channels such as bridges, tunnels, pipelines and cables, such construction shall comply with the requirements for navigation conditions such as net height, width and embedded depth specified under the technical class of navigation plans of the channels.

第二十五條   在通航河流上建設永久性攔河閘壩，建設單位應當按照航道發展規劃技術等級建設通航建築物。通航建築物應當與主體工程同步規劃、同步設計、同步建設、同步驗收、同步投入使用。

Article 25 Permanent gate dams shall be constructed over the navigable rivers and the construction entity shall construct such navigable structures in line with the development planning technical class of the waterway. The navigable structures shall be planned, designed, constructed, inspected and put into use simultaneously with the principal engineering.

閘壩建設期間難以維持航道原有通航能力的，建設單位應當采取修建臨時航道、安排翻壩轉運等補救措施，所需費用由建設單位承擔。

If it is, indeed, difficult to maintain the original navigation capability during the gate dam construction period, the construction entity shall build interim channels and arrange make-up measures including over-dam transportation and the expenses required shall be assumed by the construction entity.

在不通航河流上建設閘壩後可以通航的，閘壩建設單位應當同步建設通航建築物或者預留通航建築物位置，通航建築物建設費用除國家另有規定外，由交通運輸主管部門承擔。

If an unnavigable river becomes navigable after a gate dam is constructed over it, the gate dam construction entity shall construct the navigable structures at the same time or reserve room for the navigable structures, and the expenses required shall be assumed by the competent transport authorities, except otherwise provided for by the State.

通航建築物的運行應當適應船舶通行需要，運行方案應當經負責航道管理的部門同意並公布。通航建築物的建設單位或者管理單位應當按照規定維護保養通航建築物，保持其正常運行。

Operation of navigable structures shall meet navigable demands of ships and the operating plan shall be agreed and published by the authorities responsible for channel administration. The construction entity or management entity of the navigable structures shall maintain or repair the navigable structures in accordance with the relevant provisions to maintain their normal operation.

第二十六條   在航道保護範圍內建設臨河、臨湖、臨海建築物或者構築物，應當符合該航道通航條件的要求。

Article 26 The riverside, lakeside and seaside buildings or structures to be constructed along the protection scope of the channel shall meet the requirements for navigation conditions of the channel.

航道保護範圍由縣級以上地方人民政府交通運輸主管部門會同水行政主管部門或者流域管理機構、國土資源主管部門根據航道發展規劃技術等級和航道保護實際需要劃定，報本級人民政府批準公布。國務院交通運輸主管部門直接管理的航道的航道保護範圍，由國務院交通運輸主管部門會同國務院水行政主管部門、國務院國土資源主管部門和有關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府劃定公布。航道保護範圍涉及海域、重要漁業水域的，還應當分別會同同級海洋主管部門、漁業行政主管部門劃定。

The protection scope of waterways shall be zoned, pursuant to waterway development planning technical class and actual waterway protection demands, by the competent transport departments under the local people's governments at county level or above, in concert with water administrative departments or watershed administrative agency and competent land and resources departments, and the results thereof shall be submitted to the people's governments at the same level for approval and publication. The protection scope of the channels under the direct management of the competent transport department under the State Council shall be zoned and published by the competent transport department under the State Council, in concert with the competent water administrative department and the competent land and resources department under the State Council, and the people's governments at the levels of province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government. If the waterway protection scope covers sea areas or important fishing waters, the competent marine authorities and fishery administrative departments at the same level shall also be invited to take part in the zoning.

第二十七條   建設本法第二十四條、第二十五條第一款、第二十六條第一款規定的工程（以下統稱與航道有關的工程），除依照法律、行政法規或者國務院規定進行的防洪、供水等特殊工程外，不得因工程建設降低航道通航條件。

Article 27 The engineering (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "engineering in relation to waterways") constructed pursuant to Article 24, Paragraph 1 of Article 25, and Paragraph 1 of Article 26 hereof shall not compromise navigation conditions due to engineering construction, except for the flood control, water supply and other special engineering constructed in accordance with laws, administrative regulations or State Council provisions.

第二十八條   建設與航道有關的工程，建設單位應當在工程可行性研究階段就建設項目對航道通航條件的影響作出評價，並報送有審核權的交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構審核，但下列工程除外：

Article 28 For construction of engineering in relation to channels, the construction entities shall assess the impacts of the construction project on the navigation conditions during the feasibility study period, and submit the results thereof to the competent transport authorities or channel administrations with the rights for review, with exception to the following engineering:

（一）臨河、臨湖的中小河流治理工程；

1. rectification project of the medium and small-sized rivers besides rivers and lakes;

（二）不通航河流上建設的水工程；

2. water projects constructed on the unnavigable rivers; and

（三）現有水工程的水毀修複、除險加固、不涉及通航建築物和不改變航道原通航條件的更新改造等不影響航道通航條件的工程。

(III) such engineering that does not affect the navigation conditions like the water damage restoration, and risk elimination and reinforcement with respect to the existing water works, and renovation and expansion that do not involve the navigation structures and change the original navigation conditions of channels.

建設單位報送的航道通航條件影響評價材料不符合本法規定的，可以進行補充或者修改，重新報送審核部門審核。

In the event that the navigation conditions impact assessment materials submitted by the construction entity go against the provisions herein, supplementation or modification are allowed and the results thereof shall be re-submitted to the review departments for review.

未進行航道通航條件影響評價或者經審核部門審核認為建設項目不符合本法規定的，建設單位不得建設。政府投資項目未進行航道通航條件影響評價或者經審核部門審核認為建設項目不符合本法規定的，負責建設項目審批的部門不予批準。

In the event that no navigation condition impact assessment is conducted for such construction project or such construction project is considered not in compliance with this Law by the review departments, the construction entity shall not start the construction. In the event that no navigation condition impact assessment is conducted for the government-invested projects or such construction project is considered not in compliance with this Law by the review departments, the authorities responsible for examining and approving construction projects shall not approve the construction.

第二十九條   國務院或者國務院有關部門批準、核準的建設項目，以及與國務院交通運輸主管部門直接管理的航道有關的建設項目的航道通航條件影響評價，由國務院交通運輸主管部門審核；其他建設項目的航道通航條件影響評價，按照省、自治區、直轄市人民政府的規定由縣級以上地方人民政府交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構審核。

Article 29 The waterway navigation condition impact assessment for the construction projects approved and ratified by the State Council or relevant departments of the State Council, and the construction projects relevant to the waterways under the direct administration of the competent transport department under the State Council shall be reviewed by the competent transport department under the State Council; the waterway navigation condition impact assessment for other construction projects shall be reviewed by the competent transport departments or waterway administrations of the local people's governments at county level or above in accordance with the provisions of the people's governments at the levels of province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government.

第三十條   航道上相鄰攔河閘壩之間的航道通航水位銜接，應當符合國家規定的通航標準和技術要求。位於航道及其上遊支流上的水工程，應當在設計、施工和調度運行中統籌考慮下遊航道設計最低通航水位所需的下泄流量，但水文條件超出實際標準的除外。

Article 30 The water level connection of a channel between neighboring gate dams shall meet the relevant national standards and technical specifications. The water conservancy works on the channel and its upstream branches shall take into consideration of the discharging capacity necessary for the designed lowest water level of downstream channel in terms of design, construction and dispatching operation, unless the hydrological conditions exceed the actual standards.

保障下遊航道通航所需的最小下泄流量以及滿足航道通航條件允許的水位變化的確定，應當征求負責航道管理的部門的意見。

The department responsible for channel administration shall be consulted for the determination of the minimum discharge needed for downstream channels and the water level changes allowed by channel navigation conditions.

水工程需大幅度減流或者大流量泄水的，應當提前通報負責航道管理的部門和海事管理機構，給船舶避讓留出合理的時間。

When a water project needs to significantly reduce its capacity or discharge a large amount of water, notification shall be made to the authorities responsible for channel administration and marine administrations in advance, leaving reasonable time for ships to get prepared for avoidance.

第三十一條   與航道有關的工程施工影響航道正常功能的，負責航道管理的部門、海事管理機構應當根據需要對航標或者航道的位置、走向進行臨時調整；影響消除後應當及時恢複。所需費用由建設單位承擔，但因防洪搶險工程引起調整的除外。

Article 31 If the construction of any engineering in relation to waterways affects the normal functions of the waterways, the waterway administration authorities and marine administrations shall make interim adjustments to the navigation marks or waterway location/direction; when the influence is removed, recovery shall be made in a timely manner. The expenses required shall be borne by the construction unit, except for the adjustments arising from the flood control and emergency works.

第三十二條   與航道有關的工程竣工驗收前，建設單位應當及時清除影響航道通航條件的臨時設施及其殘留物。

Article 32 Before the final inspection of any engineering in relation to channels, the construction entity shall remove the temporary facilities and their residues that may affect the navigation conditions of the channels in a timely manner.

第三十三條   與航道有關的工程建設活動不得危及航道安全。

Article 33 The construction of any engineering in relation to waterways shall not affect the security of the waterways.

與航道有關的工程建設活動損壞航道的，建設單位應當予以修複或者依法賠償。

If the construction of any engineering in relation to waterways damages the waterways, the construction entity shall repair or make compensation in accordance with the law.

第三十四條   在通航水域上建設橋梁等建築物，建設單位應當按照國家有關規定和技術要求設置航標等設施，並承擔相應費用。

Article 34 If such buildings including bridges are to be constructed over any channel, the construction entity shall configure such facilities including navigation marks in accordance with the relevant national provisions and technical specifications, and assume the expenses accordingly.

橋區水上航標由負責航道管理的部門、海事管理機構負責管理維護。

The authorities responsible for channel administration and marine administrations shall take the responsibilities for managing the navigation marks in the water area of bridges.

第三十五條   禁止下列危害航道通航安全的行為：

Article 35 The following behaviors that may damage the channel security shall be prohibited:

（一）在航道內設置漁具或者水產養殖設施的；

1. setting fishing or aquaculture facilities on any waterway;

（二）在航道和航道保護範圍內傾倒砂石、泥土、垃圾以及其他廢棄物的；

2. dumping sand, soil, garbage or other wastes on any waterway or in the relevant protected area;

（三）在通航建築物及其引航道和船舶調度區內從事貨物裝卸、水上加油、船舶維修、捕魚等，影響通航建築物正常運行的；

(III) loading/unloading cargos, filling oil, repairing ships, and fishing in the navigation buildings, approach channels and ship scheduling areas that may affect the normal operations of the navigation buildings;

（四）危害航道設施安全的；

(IV) behaviors that may affect the security of channel facilities; and

（五）其他危害航道通航安全的行為。

(V) other behaviors that may affect the channel navigation security.

第三十六條   在河道內采砂，應當依照有關法律、行政法規的規定進行。禁止在河道內依法劃定的砂石禁采區采砂、無證采砂、未按批準的範圍和作業方式采砂等非法采砂行為。

Article 36 Sand mining in any river course shall be conducted in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations. It is prohibited to carry out sand mining in the prohibited area zoned in accordance with the law, without certificate, beyond the approved scope or manner, or conduct other sand mining behaviors in violation of the law.

在航道和航道保護範圍內采砂，不得損害航道通航條件。

Sand mining in the waterway or its protected area shall not cause damage to the navigation conditions.

第三十七條   本法施行前建設的攔河閘壩造成通航河流斷航，需要恢複通航且具備建設通航建築物條件的，由發展改革部門會同水行政主管部門、交通運輸主管部門提出恢複通航方案，報本級人民政府決定。

Article 37 If it is necessary to recover the navigation for any gate dam constructed prior to enforcement of the Law, and the conditions allow for construction of navigation structures, the relevant development and reform departments, in concert with water administrative departments and the competent transport authorities, shall put forward the recovery plan, and report the same to the government at the same level for approval.

第六章 法律責任

Chapter 6 Legal Liabilities

第三十八條   航道建設、勘察、設計、施工、監理單位在航道建設活動中違反本法規定的，由縣級以上人民政府交通運輸主管部門依照有關招標投標和工程建設管理的法律、行政法規的規定處罰。

Article 38 If the channel construction, survey, design, construction, or supervision entities breach the Law in channel construction, the competent transport authorities of the people's governments at the county level or above shall penalize them in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations concerning bidding and tendering and project construction administration.

第三十九條   建設單位未依法報送航道通航條件影響評價材料而開工建設的，由有審核權的交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構責令停止建設，限期補辦手續，處三萬元以下的罰款；逾期不補辦手續繼續建設的，由有審核權的交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構責令恢複原狀，處二十萬元以上五十萬元以下的罰款。

Article 39 If the construction entity starts construction without submitting the materials concerning the waterway navigation condition impact assessment in accordance with the law, the competent transport authority or waterway administration that has the right to verify and approve the relevant projects shall order it to stop construction and complete the relevant formalities within a prescribed time limit, and impose a fine of not more than CNY30,000; if it continues construction without completing the relevant formalities within the prescribed time limit, the competent transport authority or waterway administration that has the right to verify and approve the relevant projects shall order it to restore the original state and impose a fine of not less than CNY200,000 but not more than CNY500,000.

報送的航道通航條件影響評價材料未通過審核，建設單位開工建設的，由有審核權的交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構責令停止建設、恢複原狀，處二十萬元以上五十萬元以下的罰款。

If the waterway navigation condition impact assessment materials submitted do not pass the verification but the construction entity starts construction, the competent transport authority or waterway administration that has the right to verify and approve the relevant projects shall order them to stop construction and make recovery, and impose a fine of not less than CNY200,000 but not more than CNY500,000.

違反航道通航條件影響評價的規定建成的項目導致航道通航條件嚴重下降的，由前兩款規定的交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構責令限期采取補救措施或者拆除；逾期未采取補救措施或者拆除的，由交通運輸主管部門或者航道管理機構代為采取補救措施或者依法組織拆除，所需費用由建設單位承擔。

If any project finished against the provisions on channel navigation condition impact assessment results in serious degrading of channel navigation conditions, the competent transport authorities or channel administration mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs shall order the construction entity to make remedies or remove it in a given period; in the event that no remedies are made or the project is not removed within the given period, the competent transport authorities or channel administration shall make the remedies on behalf of the construction entity or organize the removal in accordance with the law, and the expenses arising therefrom shall be assumed by the construction entity.

第四十條   與航道有關的工程的建設單位違反本法規定，未及時清除影響航道通航條件的臨時設施及其殘留物的，由負責航道管理的部門責令限期清除，處二萬元以下的罰款；逾期仍未清除的，處三萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款，並由負責航道管理的部門依法組織清除，所需費用由建設單位承擔。

Article 40 If the construction entity of any engineering in relation to channels violates the Law by failing to remove the temporary facilities and their residues that affect the navigation conditions of the channels in a timely manner, the authorities responsible for channel administration shall order the construction entity to remove such facilities and their residues within a time limit and impose a fine of not more than CNY20,000; if the construction entity fails to remove the same within the time limit, a fine of not less than CNY30,000 but not more than CNY200,000 shall be imposed and the authorities responsible for channel administration shall organize the removal in accordance with the law and the costs required shall be assumed by the construction entity.

第四十一條   在通航水域上建設橋梁等建築物，建設單位未按照規定設置航標等設施的，由負責航道管理的部門或者海事管理機構責令改正，處五萬元以下罰款。

Article 41 If such buildings including bridges are to be constructed over any waterway, and the construction entity fails to configure such facilities including navigation marks in accordance with the relevant provisions, the waterway administration authorities and marine administrations shall order the construction entity to make corrections and impose a fine of not more than CNY50,000.

第四十二條   違反本法規定，有下列行為之一的，由負責航道管理的部門責令改正，對單位處五萬元以下罰款，對個人處二千元以下罰款；造成損失的，依法承擔賠償責任：

Article 42 In the event that any entity/individual commits any of the following behaviors in breach of the Law, the waterway administration authorities shall order the entity/individual to make corrections and impose a fine of not more than CNY50,000 (for corporate) or not more than CNY2,000 (for individual); in the event of any loss, the relevant liabilities for compensation shall be shouldered in accordance with the law:

（一）在航道內設置漁具或者水產養殖設施的；

1. setting fishing or aquaculture facilities on any waterway;

（二）在航道和航道保護範圍內傾倒砂石、泥土、垃圾以及其他廢棄物的；

2. dumping sand, soil, garbage or other wastes on any waterway or in the relevant protected area;

（三）在通航建築物及其引航道和船舶調度區內從事貨物裝卸、水上加油、船舶維修、捕魚等，影響通航建築物正常運行的；

(III) loading/unloading cargos, filling oil, repairing ships, and fishing in the navigation buildings, approach channels and ship scheduling areas that may affect the normal operations of the navigation buildings;

（四）危害航道設施安全的；

(IV) behaviors that may affect the security of channel facilities; and

（五）其他危害航道通航安全的行為。

(V) other behaviors that may affect the channel navigation security.

第四十三條   在河道內依法劃定的砂石禁采區采砂、無證采砂、未按批準的範圍和作業方式采砂等非法采砂的，依照有關法律、行政法規的規定處罰。

Article 43 Those who carry out sand mining in an area prohibited for sand mining in a river course under legal zoning, without certificate, or beyond the approved scope or manner or in any other way in violation of the law shall be punished in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations.

違反本法規定，在航道和航道保護範圍內采砂，損害航道通航條件的，由負責航道管理的部門責令停止違法行為，沒收違法所得，可以扣押或者沒收非法采砂船舶，並處五萬元以上三十萬元以下罰款；造成損失的，依法承擔賠償責任。

In the event of sand mining in a waterway or a protected area of waterway in breach of the Law, which causes damage to the waterway navigation conditions, the waterway administration authorities shall order the relevant entities to stop their illegal behavior, confiscate their illegal gains, detain or confiscate their illegal sand mining ships, and impose on them a fine of not less than CNY50,000 but not more than CNY300,000; in the event of any loss, liability for compensation shall be pursued in accordance with the law.

第四十四條   違反法律規定，汙染環境、破壞生態或者有其他環境違法行為的，依照《中華人民共和國環境保護法》等法律的規定處罰。

Article 44 Those who breach the legal provisions, pollute the environment or damage the ecology, or conduct other illegal environmental acts, shall be penalized in accordance with the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and other laws.

第四十五條   交通運輸主管部門以及其他有關部門不依法履行本法規定的職責的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予處分。

Article 45 Where the transport authorities and other relevant authorities failed to perform the duties stipulated in this Law pursuant to the law, the directly accountable person-in-charge and other directly accountable personnel shall be punished pursuant to the law.

負責航道管理的機構不依法履行本法規定的職責的，由其上級主管部門責令改正，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予處分。

If the authorities responsible for channel administration fail to perform the responsibilities hereunder in accordance with the law, the superior department shall order them to make corrections, and the directly responsible directors and other persons directly liable shall be subject to the relevant sanctions in accordance with the law.

第四十六條   違反本法規定，構成違反治安管理行為的，依法給予治安管理處罰；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 46 For violation of the provisions of this Law which constitute a violation of public security administration, the offender shall be subject to public security administration punishment pursuant to the law; where the case constitutes a criminal offence, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.

第七章 附則

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

第四十七條   進出軍事港口、漁業港口的專用航道不適用本法。專用航道由專用部門管理。

Article 47 The Law shall not apply to the dedicated waterways of military and fishing ports. The dedicated channels shall be under the administration of special authorities.

第四十八條   本法自2015年3月1日起施行。

Article 48 The Law shall come into force as of March 1, 2015.