法律文本

中華人民共和國居民身份證法（2011修正）

Law of the People's Republic of China on Resident Identity Cards (2011 Revision)

（2003年6月28日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三次會議通過 2003年6月28日中華人民共和國主席令第四號公布 根據2011年10月29日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十三次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國居民身份證法〉的決定》修正）

(Adopted at the 3rd session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress on June 28, 2003, promulgated by the Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 4 on June 28, 2003, and amended according to the Decision on Revising the Law of the People's Republic of China on Resident Identity Cards adopted at the 23rd session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on October 29, 2011)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了證明居住在中華人民共和國境內的公民的身份，保障公民的合法權益，便利公民進行社會活動，維護社會秩序，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of proving the identities of the citizens residing within the territory of the People's Republic of China, safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests, facilitating their social activities and maintaining public order.

第二條   居住在中華人民共和國境內的年滿十六周歲的中國公民，應當依照本法的規定申請領取居民身份證；未滿十六周歲的中國公民，可以依照本法的規定申請領取居民身份證。

Article 2 Any Chinese citizen who has reached the age of 16 and who resides within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, apply for the resident identity card; and any Chinese citizen under the age of 16 may, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, apply for resident identity card.

第三條   居民身份證登記的項目包括：姓名、性別、民族、出生日期、常住戶口所在地住址、公民身份號碼、本人相片、指紋信息、證件的有效期和簽發機關。

Article 3 The items to be registered in a resident identity card cover the name, sex, nationality, date of birth, address of permanent residence, citizen's identity number, the bearer's photograph, fingerprint information, term of validity of the card and the issuing authority.

公民身份號碼是每個公民唯一的、終身不變的身份代碼，由公安機關按照公民身份號碼國家標準編制。

The citizen's identity number is the sole and inalterable permanent identity code of a citizen, which is designed by the public security organ according to the national standard for citizens' identity numbers.

公民申請領取、換領、補領居民身份證，應當登記指紋信息。

A citizen shall provide his or her fingerprint information when applying for obtaining, changing or replacing the resident identity card.

第四條   居民身份證使用規範漢字和符合國家標準的數字符號填寫。

Article 4 The resident identity card shall be filled out in standard Chinese characters and the number in conformity with the national standard.

民族自治地方的自治機關根據本地區的實際情況，對居民身份證用漢字登記的內容，可以決定同時使用實行區域自治的民族的文字或者選用一種當地通用的文字。

With respect to the items in the resident identity card to be registered in Chinese, the authority of autonomy in a national autonomous area may, in light of the actual conditions of the area, decide to use at the same time the written language of the nationality enjoying regional autonomy or the written language that is commonly used locally.

第五條   十六周歲以上公民的居民身份證的有效期為十年、二十年、長期。十六周歲至二十五周歲的，發給有效期十年的居民身份證；二十六周歲至四十五周歲的，發給有效期二十年的居民身份證；四十六周歲以上的，發給長期有效的居民身份證。

Article 5 The terms of validity of resident identity cards for citizens at or above the age of 16 shall be 10 years, 20 years, or permanent. Those in the 16 to 25 age bracket shall be issued resident identity cards valid for 10 years; those in the 26 to 45 age bracket shall be issued resident identity cards valid for 20 years; and those who are over 46 shall be issued resident identity cards valid permanently.

未滿十六周歲的公民，自願申請領取居民身份證的，發給有效期五年的居民身份證。

Where a citizen under the age of 16 voluntarily applies for the resident identity card, a card valid for five years shall be issued to him.

第六條   居民身份證式樣由國務院公安部門制定。居民身份證由公安機關統一制作、發放。

Article 6 The resident identity card shall be designed by the department for public security under the State Council. The resident identity cards shall be uniformly made and issued by public security organs.

居民身份證具備視讀與機讀兩種功能，視讀、機讀的內容限於本法第三條第一款規定的項目。

The resident identity cards shall be readable both visually and by computer, and the contents read visually and by computer shall be limited to the items prescribed in the first paragraph of Article 3 of this Law.

公安機關及其人民警察對因制作、發放、查驗、扣押居民身份證而知悉的公民的個人信息，應當予以保密。

Public security organs and people's police shall keep confidential citizen's personal information gained through making, issuing, examining or seizing resident identity cards.

第二章 申領和發放

Chapter 2 Application and Issue

第七條   公民應當自年滿十六周歲之日起三個月內，向常住戶口所在地的公安機關申請領取居民身份證。

Article 7 Any citizen shall, within three months from the date he reaches the age of 16, apply to the public security organ at the place of his permanent residence for the resident identity card.

未滿十六周歲的公民，由監護人代為申請領取居民身份證。

In the case of a citizen under the age of 16, his guardian shall apply for the resident identity card on his behalf.

第八條   居民身份證由居民常住戶口所在地的縣級人民政府公安機關簽發。

Article 8 A resident identity card shall be signed and issued by the public security organ under the people's government at the county level at the place where a resident's permanent residence is registered.

第九條   香港同胞、澳門同胞、臺灣同胞遷入內地定居的，華僑回國定居的，以及外國人、無國籍人在中華人民共和國境內定居並被批準加入或者恢複中華人民共和國國籍的，在辦理常住戶口登記時，應當依照本法規定申請領取居民身份證。

Article 9 When going through the formalities of permanent residence registration, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan who move to resettle down on the mainland, or overseas Chinese who return to reside in China, or foreign nationals or stateless persons who reside within the territory of the People's Republic of China and who are naturalized or whose nationality of the People's Republic of China is restored upon approval shall, in accordance with the provisions in this Law, apply for resident identity cards.

第十條   申請領取居民身份證，應當填寫《居民身份證申領登記表》，交驗居民戶口簿。

Article 10 Anyone who applies for the resident identity card shall fill out the Registration Form of Application for Resident Identity Card and present his resident household registration book for examination.

第十一條   國家決定換發新一代居民身份證、居民身份證有效期滿、公民姓名變更或者證件嚴重損壞不能辨認的，公民應當換領新證；居民身份證登記項目出現錯誤的，公安機關應當及時更正，換發新證；領取新證時，必須交回原證。居民身份證丟失的，應當申請補領。

Article 11 Where the State decides to issue a new generation resident identity cards, the term of validity of a resident identity card expires, a citizen changes his or her name, or the card is so seriously damaged that what is registered is illegible, the bearer shall obtain new card; where the items registered in a resident identity card contain any error, the public security authority shall correct it in a timely manner, and issue a new card; when obtaining the new card, the bearer must turn in the original one. Anyone who loses his resident identity card shall apply for reissue of a card.

未滿十六周歲公民的居民身份證有前款情形的，可以申請換領、換發或者補領新證。

Where any of the circumstances mentioned in the preceding paragraph occurs to a citizen under the age of 16 in respect of his resident identity card, he may apply for a new card, for changing the card, or for reissue of a card.

公民辦理常住戶口遷移手續時，公安機關應當在居民身份證的機讀項目中記載公民常住戶口所在地住址變動的情況，並告知本人。

When a citizen goes through the formalities of changing his permanent residence registration, the public security organ shall record the change of the address of the citizen's permanent residence under the relevant computer-read item in the resident identity card and inform the citizen himself of the fact.

第十二條   公民申請領取、換領、補領居民身份證，公安機關應當按照規定及時予以辦理。公安機關應當自公民提交《居民身份證申領登記表》之日起六十日內發放居民身份證；交通不便的地區，辦理時間可以適當延長，但延長的時間不得超過三十日。

Article 12 When a citizen applies for a resident identity card or for changing the card, or for reissue of one, the public security organ shall, in accordance with relevant regulations, handle the matter without delay. The public security organ shall issue the resident identity card within 60 days from the date the citizen submits the Registration Form of Application for resident identity card; for areas where transport facilities are inconvenient, the time limit for handling such matter may be appropriately extended, but the extension may not exceed 30 days.

公民在申請領取、換領、補領居民身份證期間，急需使用居民身份證的，可以申請領取臨時居民身份證，公安機關應當按照規定及時予以辦理。具體辦法由國務院公安部門規定。

Where a citizen is in urgent need of his resident identity card during the period when he applies for the card, or for changing the card, or for reissue of a card, he may apply for a temporary resident identity card, and the public security organ shall, in accordance with relevant regulations, handle the matter without delay. The specific measures shall be formulated by the public security department under the State Council.

第三章 使用和查驗

Chapter III Use and Examination

第十三條   公民從事有關活動，需要證明身份的，有權使用居民身份證證明身份，有關單位及其工作人員不得拒絕。

Article 13 Where any citizen is required to prove his identity when engaged in relevant activities, he shall have the right to use his resident identity card for the purpose, and no unit or its staff member concerned may reject it.

有關單位及其工作人員對履行職責或者提供服務過程中獲得的居民身份證記載的公民個人信息，應當予以保密。

The relevant entities and their staff shall keep confidential any citizen's personal information stated in his resident identity card which is obtained during the course of performing their duties or providing a service.

第十四條   有下列情形之一的，公民應當出示居民身份證證明身份：

Article 14 Any citizen shall, under any of the following circumstances, produce his resident identity card to prove his identity:

（一）常住戶口登記項目變更；

1. changing of the permanent residence registration;

（二）兵役登記；

2. Military service registration;

（三）婚姻登記、收養登記；

3. marriage or adoption registration;

（四）申請辦理出境手續；

(IV) Applying for going through the exit formalities;

（五）法律、行政法規規定需要用居民身份證證明身份的其他情形。

(V) other circumstances where, according to the provisions of laws and administrative regulations, the resident identity card is required to prove his identity.

依照本法規定未取得居民身份證的公民，從事前款規定的有關活動，可以使用符合國家規定的其他證明方式證明身份。

Where a citizen who fails to obtain the resident identity card in accordance with the provisions of this Law intends to do what is mentioned in the preceding paragraph, he may prove his identity by any other means which conforms to State regulations.

第十五條   人民警察依法執行職務，遇有下列情形之一的，經出示執法證件，可以查驗居民身份證：

Article 15 When performing his duties in accordance with law under any of the following circumstances, a people's policeman may, after producing his law-enforcement papers, examine the resident identity cards:

（一）對有違法犯罪嫌疑的人員，需要查明身份的；

1. when it is necessary to find out the identity of a law-breaker or criminal suspect; or

（二）依法實施現場管制時，需要查明有關人員身份的；

(II) when it is necessary to find out the identities of the persons concerned during on-site control exercised in accordance with law; or

（三）發生嚴重危害社會治安突發事件時，需要查明現場有關人員身份的；

3. when it is necessary to find out the identities of the relevant persons on the spot in an unexpected incident that seriously endangers public security; or

（四）在火車站、長途汽車站、港口、碼頭、機場或者在重大活動期間設區的市級人民政府規定的場所，需要查明有關人員身份的；

(IV) when it is necessary to find out the identities of the relevant persons at a railway station, coach station, port, wharf or airport or a place specified by the people's government at the level of city with districts during a major activity; or

（五）法律規定需要查明身份的其他情形。

(V) other circumstances under which it is necessary to find out people's identities, as is required by the provisions of laws.

有前款所列情形之一，拒絕人民警察查驗居民身份證的，依照有關法律規定，分別不同情形，采取措施予以處理。

Where a person refuses to have his resident identity card examined by the people's police under any of the circumstances listed in the preceding paragraph, measures shall, on the basis of the different circumstances, be taken to deal with him in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws.

任何組織或者個人不得扣押居民身份證。但是，公安機關依照《中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法》執行監視居住強制措施的情形除外。

No organization or individual may seize any resident identity card. However, exception shall be made where the public security organ executes the enforcement measure for residential surveillance in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China.

第四章 法律責任

Chapter 4 Legal Liabilities

第十六條   有下列行為之一的，由公安機關給予警告，並處二百元以下罰款，有違法所得的，沒收違法所得：

Article 16 Anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be given a disciplinary warning by the public security organ and shall, in addition, be fined not more than RMB 200 yuan, and the illegal gains, if any, shall be confiscated:

（一）使用虛假證明材料騙領居民身份證的；

1. obtaining the resident identity card by using false documents of certification;

（二）出租、出借、轉讓居民身份證的；

(II) leasing, lending or making over the resident identity card to another person; or

（三）非法扣押他人居民身份證的。

(III) illegally seizing the resident identity card of another person.

第十七條   有下列行為之一的，由公安機關處二百元以上一千元以下罰款，或者處十日以下拘留，有違法所得的，沒收違法所得：

Article 17 Anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be imposed by the public security organ a fine of not less than 200 yuan but not more than 1,000 yuan, or shall be detained for not more than 10 days, and the illegal gains, if any, shall be confiscated:

（一）冒用他人居民身份證或者使用騙領的居民身份證的；

1. using another person's resident identity card as his own or a resident identity card obtained by fraudulent means; or

（二）購買、出售、使用偽造、變造的居民身份證的。

2. buying, selling or using falsely made or forged resident identity card.

偽造、變造的居民身份證和騙領的居民身份證，由公安機關予以收繳。

Any resident identity card that is falsely made, or forged, or obtained by fraudulent means shall be forfeited by the public security organ.

第十八條   偽造、變造居民身份證的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 18 Anyone who falsely makes or forges resident identity cards shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

有本法第十六條、第十七條所列行為之一，從事犯罪活動的，依法追究刑事責任。

Whoever commits any of the acts listed in Articles 16 and 17 of this Law and engages in criminal activities shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第十九條   國家機關或者金融、電信、交通、教育、醫療等單位的工作人員泄露在履行職責或者提供服務過程中獲得的居民身份證記載的公民個人信息，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，由公安機關處十日以上十五日以下拘留，並處五千元罰款，有違法所得的，沒收違法所得。

Article 19 Where the personnel of a State organ or of an entity of finance, telecommunications, transport, education, medical treatment, etc. divulge any citizen's personal information stated in the resident identity card which is obtained during the performance of their duty or provision of a service, which constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the law; if no crime is constituted, the public security authority shall detain such personnel for a period ranging from ten days to 15 days, and impose a fine of CNY5,000 thereon and confiscate illegal gains if any.

單位有前款行為，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，由公安機關對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處十日以上十五日以下拘留，並處十萬元以上五十萬元以下罰款，有違法所得的，沒收違法所得。

Where an entity commits any act specified in the preceding paragraph, which constitutes a crime, such entity is to be criminally prosecuted according to the law; which does not constitute a crime, the public security authority is to detain the in-charge persons bearing direct responsibility and other persons subject to direct liability for a period ranging from ten days to 15 days, and impose a fine of not less than CNY100 ,000 but not more than CNY500,000 and confiscate illegal gains if any.

有前兩款行為，對他人造成損害的，依法承擔民事責任。

Whoever commits any act specified in the preceding two paragraphs, which causes damage to others, is to bear civil liability legally.

第二十條   人民警察有下列行為之一的，根據情節輕重，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 20 Any of the people's police commits one of the following acts shall, according to the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; and if a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law:

（一）利用制作、發放、查驗居民身份證的便利，收受他人財物或者謀取其他利益的；

1. by taking advantage of making, issuing or examining resident identity cards, accepting or receiving money or things of value offered by other persons or seeking other benefits;

（二）非法變更公民身份號碼，或者在居民身份證上登載本法第三條第一款規定項目以外的信息或者故意登載虛假信息的；

2. illegally changing a citizen's identity number, or registering in the resident identity card information other than the items prescribed in the first paragraph of Article 3 of this Law or intentionally registering false information;

（三）無正當理由不在法定期限內發放居民身份證的；

3. without justifiable reasons, failing to issue resident identity cards within the statutory time limit;

（四）違反規定查驗、扣押居民身份證，侵害公民合法權益的；

4. examining or seizing a resident identity card in violation of regulations and thus infringing upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen; or

（五）泄露因制作、發放、查驗、扣押居民身份證而知悉的公民個人信息，侵害公民合法權益的。

(V) divulging a citizen's personal information gained through making, issuing, examining or seizing his resident identity card and thus infringing upon the citizen's lawful rights and interests.

第五章 附 則

Chapter 5 Supplementary Provisions

第二十一條   公民申請領取、換領、補領居民身份證，應當繳納證件工本費。居民身份證工本費標準，由國務院價格主管部門會同國務院財政部門核定。

Article 21 Where a citizen applies for a residence identity card, or for changing the card, or for reissue of one, he shall pay for the cost of the card. The rate for the cost of a resident identity card shall be determined upon examination by the competent department for pricing under the State Council in conjunction with the department for finance under the State Council.

對城市中領取最低生活保障金的居民、農村中有特殊生活困難的居民，在其初次申請領取和換領居民身份證時，免收工本費。對其他生活確有困難的居民，在其初次申請領取和換領居民身份證時，可以減收工本費。免收和減收工本費的具體辦法，由國務院財政部門會同國務院價格主管部門規定。

Urban residents who receive subsistence allowances and rural residents who live in specially straitened circumstance shall be exempted from paying the costs of resident identity cards when they apply for such cards and for changing the cards for the first time. As to the other residents who really have difficulties in making ends meet, the payment of the costs of resident identity cards may be reduced when they apply for the cards and for changing the cards for the first time. The specific measures for exemption and reduction of such payment shall be formulated by the department for finance under the State Council in conjunction with the competent department for pricing under the State Council.

公安機關收取的居民身份證工本費，全部上繳國庫。

The payments for the costs of resident identity cards collected by public security organs shall all be turned over to the State Treasury.

第二十二條   現役的人民解放軍軍人、人民武裝警察申請領取和發放居民身份證的具體辦法，由國務院和中央軍事委員會另行規定。

Article 22 The specific measures for the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army and people's armed policemen in active service to apply for resident identity cards and for issuing such cards shall be separately formulated by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.

第二十三條   本法自2004年1月1日起施行，《中華人民共和國居民身份證條例》同時廢止。

Article 23. This Law shall be effective 1 January 2004. The Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Resident Identity Cards shall be repealed simultaneously.

依照《中華人民共和國居民身份證條例》領取的居民身份證，自2013年1月1日起停止使用。依照本法在2012年1月1日以前領取的居民身份證，在其有效期內，繼續有效。

Any resident identity card obtained according to the Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning resident identity cards shall cease to be used as of 1 January 2013. Any resident identity card obtained according to this Law prior to January 1, 2012, shall remain valid within its term of validity.

國家決定換發新一代居民身份證後，原居民身份證的停止使用日期由國務院決定。

After the State decides to issue a new generation resident identity card, the date on which the original resident identity card becomes obsolete is to be decided by the State Council.