法律文本

中華人民共和國勞動法（2018修正）

Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China (2018 Revision)

（1994年7月5日第八屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第八次會議通過 根據2009年8月27日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十次會議《關於修改部分法律的決定》第一次修正 根據2018年12月29日第十三屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第七次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國勞動法〉等七部法律的決定》第二次修正）

(Adopted at the 8th session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress on July 5, 1994; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Amending Certain Laws passed at the 10th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; and amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising Seven Laws including the Labor Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 7th session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress on December 29, 2018)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了保護勞動者的合法權益，調整勞動關系，建立和維護適應社會主義市場經濟的勞動制度，促進經濟發展和社會進步，根據憲法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution in order to protect the lawful rights and interests of workers, adjust labor relations, establish and maintain a labor system suited to the socialist market economy, and promote economic development and social progress.

第二條   在中華人民共和國境內的企業、個體經濟組織（以下統稱用人單位）和與之形成勞動關系的勞動者，適用本法。

Article 2 This Law shall apply to all enterprises and individual economic organizations (hereinafter referred to as employing units) within the territory of the People's Republic of China and the laborers who form a labor relationship therewith.

國家機關、事業組織、社會團體和與之建立勞動合同關系的勞動者，依照本法執行。

State organs, institutions and public organizations as well as labourers who form a labour contract relationship therewith shall be bound by this Law.

第三條   勞動者享有平等就業和選擇職業的權利、取得勞動報酬的權利、休息休假的權利、獲得勞動安全衛生保護的權利、接受職業技能培訓的權利、享受社會保險和福利的權利、提請勞動爭議處理的權利以及法律規定的其他勞動權利。

Article 3 Workers shall be entitled to equal employment and choice of occupation, labor remuneration, rest and vacation, labor safety and health protection, occupational skills training, social insurance and welfare, submission of labor dispute for settlement and other labor rights stipulated by law.

勞動者應當完成勞動任務，提高職業技能，執行勞動安全衛生規程，遵守勞動紀律和職業道德。

Labourers shall fulfill their labour tasks, improve their vocational skills, follow rules on occupational safety and health, and observe labour discipline and professional ethics.

第四條   用人單位應當依法建立和完善規章制度，保障勞動者享有勞動權利和履行勞動義務。

Article 4 Employers shall establish and improve upon their rules and systems pursuant to the law, ensure that workers enjoy labour rights and perform labour obligations.

第五條   國家采取各種措施，促進勞動就業，發展職業教育，制定勞動標準，調節社會收入，完善社會保險，協調勞動關系，逐步提高勞動者的生活水平。

Article 5 The State shall take various measures to promote employment, develop vocational education, lay down labour standards, regulate social incomes, perfect social insurance system, coordinate labour relationship and gradually raise the living standard of labourers.

第六條   國家提倡勞動者參加社會義務勞動，開展勞動競賽和合理化建議活動，鼓勵和保護勞動者進行科學研究、技術革新和發明創造，表彰和獎勵勞動模範和先進工作者。

Article 6 The State shall advocate the participation of labourers in social voluntary labour and the unfolding of labour emulation and rational proposal campaign, encourage and protect labourers in scientific research, technological innovation and invention and creation, and commend and reward model and advanced workers.

第七條   勞動者有權依法參加和組織工會。

Article 7 Employees shall have the right to join trade unions in accordance with the law.

工會代表和維護勞動者的合法權益，依法獨立自主地開展活動。

Trade unions shall represent and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers, and carry out their activities independently pursuant to the law.

第八條   勞動者依照法律規定，通過職工大會、職工代表大會或者其他形式，參與民主管理或者就保護勞動者合法權益與用人單位進行平等協商。

Article 8 Laborers shall, through the assembly of staff and workers or their congress, or other forms in accordance with the provisions of laws, take part in democratic management or consult with the employing units on an equal footing about protection of the legitimate rights and interests of laborers.

第九條   國務院勞動行政部門主管全國勞動工作。

Article 9 The labour administration department of the State Council shall be responsible for labour work nationwide.

縣級以上地方人民政府勞動行政部門主管本行政區域內的勞動工作。

The labour administration authorities of local People's Governments of county level and above shall be responsible for labour work within their administrative region.

第二章 促進就業

Chapter 2 Promotion of Employment

第十條   國家通過促進經濟和社會發展，創造就業條件，擴大就業機會。

Article 10 The State shall create employment conditions and expand employment opportunities by promoting economic and social development.

國家鼓勵企業、事業組織、社會團體在法律、行政法規規定的範圍內興辦產業或者拓展經營，增加就業。

The State shall encourage enterprises, institutions and social groups to initiate industries or expand businesses for the increase of employment within the scope provided by the laws and administrative regulations.

國家支持勞動者自願組織起來就業和從事個體經營實現就業。

The State shall support workers to get jobs by organizing themselves on a voluntary basis or by engaging in individual businesses.

第十一條   地方各級人民政府應當采取措施，發展多種類型的職業介紹機構，提供就業服務。

Article 11 The local people's governments at all levels shall take measures to develop various types of employment agencies and provide employment services.

第十二條   勞動者就業，不因民族、種族、性別、宗教信仰不同而受歧視。

Article 12 Laborers shall not be discriminated against in employment, regardless of their ethnic group, race, sex, or religious belief.

第十三條   婦女享有與男子平等的就業權利。在錄用職工時，除國家規定的不適合婦女的工種或者崗位外，不得以性別為由拒絕錄用婦女或者提高對婦女的錄用標準。

Article 13 Women shall enjoy equal employment rights to men. With exception of the special types of work or post unsuitable to women as prescribed by the State, no unit may, in employing staff and workers, refuse to employ women by reason of sex or raise the employment standards for women.

第十四條   殘疾人、少數民族人員、退出現役的軍人的就業，法律、法規有特別規定的，從其規定。

Article 14 Where there are special stipulations in laws, rules and regulations on the employment of the disabled, the personnel of minority nationalities, and demobilized armymen, such stipulations shall apply.

第十五條   禁止用人單位招用未滿十六周歲的未成年人。

Article 15 No employing units shall be allowed to recruit juveniles under the age of 16.

文藝、體育和特種工藝單位招用未滿十六周歲的未成年人，必須遵守國家有關規定，並保障其接受義務教育的權利。

Units of literature and art, physical culture and sport, and special arts and crafts that recruit minors under the age of 16 must abide by the relevant regulations of the State and guarantee their right to compulsory education.

第三章 勞動合同和集體合同

Chapter III Labor Contracts and Collective Contracts

第十六條   勞動合同是勞動者與用人單位確立勞動關系、明確雙方權利和義務的協議。

Article 16 A labor contract is an agreement that establishes the labor relationship between a laborer and an employer and specifies the rights and obligations of both parties.

建立勞動關系應當訂立勞動合同。

A labor contract shall be concluded where a labor relationship is to be established.

第十七條   訂立和變更勞動合同，應當遵循平等自願、協商一致的原則，不得違反法律、行政法規的規定。

Article 17 Conclusion and modification of a labor contract shall follow the principles of equality, voluntariness and agreement through consultation, and shall not run counter to the stipulations of laws, administrative rules and regulations.

勞動合同依法訂立即具有法律約束力，當事人必須履行勞動合同規定的義務。

Once a labor contract is concluded, it shall be legally binding and the parties shall perform their respective obligations as stipulated in the labor contract.

第十八條   下列勞動合同無效：

Article 18 The following labor contracts shall be invalid:

（一）違反法律、行政法規的勞動合同；

1. Labor contracts in violation of laws and administrative regulations; and

（二）采取欺詐、威脅等手段訂立的勞動合同。

(II) Labor contracts concluded by means of fraud or intimidation, etc.

無效的勞動合同，從訂立的時候起，就沒有法律約束力。確認勞動合同部分無效的，如果不影響其餘部分的效力，其餘部分仍然有效。

An invalid labor contract is not legally binding from the time it is concluded. If a labor contract is partially invalid and the validity of the remaining part is not affected, the remaining part shall remain valid.

勞動合同的無效，由勞動爭議仲裁委員會或者人民法院確認。

The invalidity of a labor contract shall be confirmed by a labor dispute arbitration committee or a people's court.

第十九條   勞動合同應當以書面形式訂立，並具備以下條款：

Article 19 A labor contract shall be concluded in written form and shall include the following clauses:

（一）勞動合同期限；

1. Term of the labor contract;

（二）工作內容；

(II) Job description;

（三）勞動保護和勞動條件；

(III) Labor protection and working conditions;

（四）勞動報酬；

(IV) Labor remuneration;

（五）勞動紀律；

(V) Labor disciplines;

（六）勞動合同終止的條件；

(VI) Conditions for the termination of the labor contract; and

（七）違反勞動合同的責任。

(VII) Liabilities for breach of the labor contract.

勞動合同除前款規定的必備條款外，當事人可以協商約定其他內容。

Apart from the required clauses specified in the preceding paragraph, a labor contract may contain other clauses agreed upon by the parties through consultation.

第二十條   勞動合同的期限分為有固定期限、無固定期限和以完成一定的工作為期限。

Article 20 The term of a labor contract shall be divided into fixed term, flexible term or taking the completion of a specific amount of work as a term.

勞動者在同一用人單位連續工作滿十年以上，當事人雙方同意續延勞動合同的，如果勞動者提出訂立無固定期限的勞動合同，應當訂立無固定期限的勞動合同。

Where a labourer has worked in the same employing unit for ten consecutive years or more and both parties agree to extend the labour contract, if the labourer requests the conclusion of a labour contract with a non-fixed term, a labour contract with a non-fixed term shall be concluded.

第二十一條   勞動合同可以約定試用期。試用期最長不得超過六個月。

Article 21 A probation may be agreed upon in a labor contract. The longest probation period shall not exceed 6 months.

第二十二條   勞動合同當事人可以在勞動合同中約定保守用人單位商業秘密的有關事項。

Article 22 The parties to a labor contract may stipulate in the labor contract matters concerning keeping business secrets of the employing entity.

第二十三條   勞動合同期滿或者當事人約定的勞動合同終止條件出現，勞動合同即行終止。

Article 23. A labour contract shall be promptly terminated on the expiry of its term of duration or when conditions occur for termination of the labour contract as agreed by the parties concerned.

第二十四條   經勞動合同當事人協商一致，勞動合同可以解除。

Article 24 A labor contract may be cancelled by the agreement of both parties.

第二十五條   勞動者有下列情形之一的，用人單位可以解除勞動合同：

Article 25 An Employer may terminate the labor contract if the employee:

（一）在試用期間被證明不符合錄用條件的；

1. Having been proved not up to the requirements for recruitment during the probation period;

（二）嚴重違反勞動紀律或者用人單位規章制度的；

2. having seriously violated the labor disciplines or the rules and regulations of the employing entity;

（三）嚴重失職，營私舞弊，對用人單位利益造成重大損害的；

3. Having caused great losses to the employing unit through gross neglect of duty or malpractice for personal gains;

（四）被依法追究刑事責任的。

(IV) Having been investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law.

第二十六條   有下列情形之一的，用人單位可以解除勞動合同，但是應當提前三十日以書面形式通知勞動者本人：

Article 26 In any of the following circumstances, the employing entity may cancel the labor contract, however, a written notice shall be given to the laborer 30 days in advance:

（一）勞動者患病或者非因工負傷，醫療期滿後，不能從事原工作也不能從事由用人單位另行安排的工作的；

1. The laborer suffers any disease or non-work-related injury, and is unable to undertake his/her original work or any other work as arranged by the employing entity;

（二）勞動者不能勝任工作，經過培訓或者調整工作崗位，仍不能勝任工作的；

(II) The employee is incompetent for his position, and remains so after training or being assigned to another position;

（三）勞動合同訂立時所依據的客觀情況發生重大變化，致使原勞動合同無法履行，經當事人協商不能就變更勞動合同達成協議的。

(III) The objective conditions taken as the basis for the conclusion of the labor contract have changed so greatly that the original labor contract cannot be performed, and no agreement on modification of the labor contract can be reached through consultation by the parties.

第二十七條   用人單位瀕臨破產進行法定整頓期間或者生產經營狀況發生嚴重困難，確需裁減人員的，應當提前三十日向工會或者全體職工說明情況，聽取工會或者職工的意見，經向勞動行政部門報告後，可以裁減人員。

Article 27 Where it is really necessary for an employing unit to cut down the number of workforce when it comes to the brink of bankruptcy and undergoes a statutory consolidation or runs deep into difficulties in production and management, the employing unit shall explain the situation to the trade union or all of its staff and workers 30 days in advance, solicit opinions from them and report to the administrative department of labor before it may cut down the number of workforce.

用人單位依據本條規定裁減人員，在六個月內錄用人員的，應當優先錄用被裁減的人員。

Where an employer unit has retrenched staff in accordance with the provisions of this Article and recruits workers within six (6) months, those retrenched staff must have priority in recruitment.

第二十八條   用人單位依據本法第二十四條、第二十六條、第二十七條的規定解除勞動合同的，應當依照國家有關規定給予經濟補償。

Article 28 If an employer unit cancels a labour contract in accordance with the provisions of Articles 24, 26 and 27 of this Law, economic compensation shall be provided pursuant to relevant State regulations.

第二十九條   勞動者有下列情形之一的，用人單位不得依據本法第二十六條、第二十七條的規定解除勞動合同：

Article 29 An Employer shall not cancel a labor contract under Articles 26 and 27 hereof if the employee:

（一）患職業病或者因工負傷並被確認喪失或者部分喪失勞動能力的；

1. has contracted an occupational disease or suffered a work-related injury and has been confirmed as having totally or partially lost the ability to work;

（二）患病或者負傷，在規定的醫療期內的；

2. The laborer is ill or injured and is under medical treatment;

（三）女職工在孕期、產期、哺乳期內的；

(III) Being a female employee during her pregnant, puerperal, or breast-feeding period;

（四）法律、行政法規規定的其他情形。

(IV) Other circumstances prescribed in laws and administrative regulations.

第三十條   用人單位解除勞動合同，工會認為不適當的，有權提出意見。如果用人單位違反法律、法規或者勞動合同，工會有權要求重新處理；勞動者申請仲裁或者提起訴訟的，工會應當依法給予支持和幫助。

Article 30 Where an employing unit cancelled its labor contract and the trade union considers it inappropriate, the trade union shall have the right to put forward its opinions. If the employing unit violated the law, rules and regulations or labor contracts, the trade union shall have the right to request that the matter be handled anew. Where the worker applies for arbitration or institutes legal proceedings, the trade union shall render him support and assistance in accordance with the law.

第三十一條   勞動者解除勞動合同，應當提前三十日以書面形式通知用人單位。

Article 31 A worker rescinding a labour contract shall inform the employer unit in writing thirty (30) days in advance.

第三十二條   有下列情形之一的，勞動者可以隨時通知用人單位解除勞動合同：

Article 32 A laborer may notify at any time the employing entity to cancel the labor contract under any of the following circumstances:

（一）在試用期內的；

1. Within the probation period;

（二）用人單位以暴力、威脅或者非法限制人身自由的手段強迫勞動的；

2. The employing entity forces the laborer to work by means of violence, menace or illegal restriction of personal freedom; or

（三）用人單位未按照勞動合同約定支付勞動報酬或者提供勞動條件的。

(III) The employer fails to pay labor remuneration or provide labor conditions as agreed upon in the labor contract.

第三十三條   企業職工一方與企業可以就勞動報酬、工作時間、休息休假、勞動安全衛生、保險福利等事項，簽訂集體合同。集體合同草案應當提交職工代表大會或者全體職工討論通過。

Article 33 The staff and workers of an enterprise as one party may conclude a collective contract with the enterprise on matters relating to labor remuneration, working hours, rest and vacations, occupational safety and health, and insurance and welfare. A draft collective contract shall be submitted to the employee representatives congress or all employees for discussion and adoption.

集體合同由工會代表職工與企業簽訂；沒有建立工會的企業，由職工推舉的代表與企業簽訂。

A collective contract shall be signed by the enterprise and the trade union on behalf of all employees. Where there is no trade union, the contract shall be signed by the enterprise and a representative elected by the employees.

第三十四條   集體合同簽訂後應當報送勞動行政部門；勞動行政部門自收到集體合同文本之日起十五日內未提出異議的，集體合同即行生效。

Article 34 Upon conclusion, a collective contract shall be submitted to the labour administrative authorities; where the labour administrative authorities do not raise any objection within 15 days from receipt of the collective contract, the collective contract shall forthwith take effect.

第三十五條   依法簽訂的集體合同對企業和企業全體職工具有約束力。職工個人與企業訂立的勞動合同中勞動條件和勞動報酬等標準不得低於集體合同的規定。

Article 35 A collective contract concluded in accordance with the law shall be binding on both the enterprise and all of its staff and workers. The working conditions and labour remuneration standards stipulated in a labour contract between an individual employee and an enterprise shall not be lower than those stipulated in a collective contract.

第四章 工作時間和休息休假

Chapter 4 Working Hours, Rest and Vacations

第三十六條   國家實行勞動者每日工作時間不超過八小時、平均每周工作時間不超過四十四小時的工時制度。

Article 36 The State shall practise a working hour system under which laborers shall work for no more than eight hours a day and no more than 44 hours a week on the average.

第三十七條   對實行計件工作的勞動者，用人單位應當根據本法第三十六條規定的工時制度合理確定其勞動定額和計件報酬標準。

Article 37 In case of laborers working on the basis of piecework, the employing unit shall rationally fix quotas of work and standards of piecework remuneration in accordance with the working hour system stipulated in Article 36 of this Law.

第三十八條   用人單位應當保證勞動者每周至少休息一日。

Article 38 The employing unit shall guarantee that its staff and workers have at least one day off in a week.

第三十九條   企業因生產特點不能實行本法第三十六條、第三十八條規定的，經勞動行政部門批準，可以實行其他工作和休息辦法。

Article 39. Where an enterprise is unable to implement the provisions of Article 36 and Article 38 of this Law due to special production characteristics, other measures for working hours and rest days may be implemented, subject to approval by the labour administration department.

第四十條   用人單位在下列節日期間應當依法安排勞動者休假：

Article 40 The employing unit shall arrange holidays for its employees in accordance with the law during the following festivals:

（一）元旦；

1. the New Year's Day;

（二）春節；

2. the Spring Festival;

（三）國際勞動節；

(III) The International Labor Day;

（四）國慶節；

(IV) National Day;

（五）法律、法規規定的其他休假節日。

(V) Other holidays stipulated by laws and regulations.

第四十一條   用人單位由於生產經營需要，經與工會和勞動者協商後可以延長工作時間，一般每日不得超過一小時；因特殊原因需要延長工作時間的，在保障勞動者身體健康的條件下延長工作時間每日不得超過三小時，但是每月不得超過三十六小時。

Article 41 The employing unit may extend working hours as necessitated by its production or business operation after consultation with the trade union and laborers, but the extended working hours for a day shall generally not exceed one hour; if such extension is needed for special reasons, under the condition that the health of laborers is guaranteed, the extended hours shall not exceed three hours a day. However, the total extension in a month shall not exceed 36 hours.

第四十二條   有下列情形之一的，延長工作時間不受本法第四十一條規定的限制：

Article 42 Under any of the following circumstances, the extension of working hours shall not be subject to restriction of the provisions of Article 41 of this Law:

（一）發生自然災害、事故或者因其他原因，威脅勞動者生命健康和財產安全，需要緊急處理的；

1. Where in the event of natural disasters, accidents or for other reasons, the life, health and property of laborers are in danger, and emergency treatment is needed;

（二）生產設備、交通運輸線路、公共設施發生故障，影響生產和公眾利益，必須及時搶修的；

(II) Timely rush repairs must be made to the production equipment, transportation lines, and public facilities that are out of order, which affects production and public interests;

（三）法律、行政法規規定的其他情形。

(III) Other circumstances prescribed in laws and administrative regulations.

第四十三條   用人單位不得違反本法規定延長勞動者的工作時間。

Article 43 The employing unit shall not extend working hours of labourers in violation of the provisions of this Law.

第四十四條   有下列情形之一的，用人單位應當按照下列標準支付高於勞動者正常工作時間工資的工資報酬：

Article 44 The employing unit shall, according to the following standards, pay labourers remunerations higher than those for normal working hours under any of the following circumstances:

（一）安排勞動者延長工作時間的，支付不低於工資的百分之一百五十的工資報酬；

1. To pay no less than 150 per cent of the normal wages if an extension of working hours is arranged;

（二）休息日安排勞動者工作又不能安排補休的，支付不低於工資的百分之二百的工資報酬；

2. To pay no less than 200 per cent of the normal wages if work is arranged on off days and no make-up off days can be arranged; or

（三）法定休假日安排勞動者工作的，支付不低於工資的百分之三百的工資報酬。

(III) To pay no less than 300 per cent of the normal wages if the extended hours are arranged on statutory holidays.

第四十五條   國家實行帶薪年休假制度。

Article 45 The State shall implement a system of paid annual leave.

勞動者連續工作一年以上的，享受帶薪年休假。具體辦法由國務院規定。

Workers who have kept working for one year and more shall be entitled to paid annual leave. The specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

第五章 工 資

Chapter 5 Labor

第四十六條   工資分配應當遵循按勞分配原則，實行同工同酬。

Article 46 The distribution of wages shall follow the principle of distribution according to work and equal pay for equal work.

工資水平在經濟發展的基礎上逐步提高。國家對工資總量實行宏觀調控。

The wage level is gradually raised on the basis of economic development. The State shall exercise macro-control over the total payroll.

第四十七條   用人單位根據本單位的生產經營特點和經濟效益，依法自主確定本單位的工資分配方式和工資水平。

Article 47 An employing unit shall independently determine its form of wage distribution and wage level for its own unit according to law and based on the characteristics of its production and operation and economic results.

第四十八條   國家實行最低工資保障制度。最低工資的具體標準由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府規定，報國務院備案。

Article 48 The State shall implement a system of guaranteed minimum wages. Specific standards on minimum wages shall be determined by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government and reported to the State Council for the record.

用人單位支付勞動者的工資不得低於當地最低工資標準。

Wages paid to workers by the employer shall not be lower than the local minimum wage standard.

第四十九條   確定和調整最低工資標準應當綜合參考下列因素：

Article 49 The determination and adjustment of minimum wage standards shall comprehensively take into account the following factors:

（一）勞動者本人及平均贍養人口的最低生活費用；

1. The minimum living expenses of workers themselves and of the average number of people supported by them;

（二）社會平均工資水平；

2. The average wage level of the society as a whole;

（三）勞動生產率；

(III) Labor productivity;

（四）就業狀況；

(IV) Employment situation;

（五）地區之間經濟發展水平的差異。

(V) The regional differences in economic development.

第五十條   工資應當以貨幣形式按月支付給勞動者本人。不得克扣或者無故拖欠勞動者的工資。

Article 50 Wages shall be paid monthly to laborers themselves in the form of currency. The wages paid to workers shall not be deducted or delayed without reason.

第五十一條   勞動者在法定休假日和婚喪假期間以及依法參加社會活動期間，用人單位應當依法支付工資。

Article 51 The employing unit shall pay wages according to law to laborers for their statutory holidays, marriage or funeral leaves or periods when they participate in social activities in accordance with the law.

第六章 勞動安全衛生

Chapter 6 Occupational Safety and Health

第五十二條   用人單位必須建立、健全勞動安全衛生制度，嚴格執行國家勞動安全衛生規程和標準，對勞動者進行勞動安全衛生教育，防止勞動過程中的事故，減少職業危害。

Article 52 The employing unit must establish and perfect the system for occupational safety and health, strictly implement the rules and standards of the State on occupational safety and health, educate laborers on occupational safety and health, prevent accidents in the process of work, and reduce occupational hazards.

第五十三條   勞動安全衛生設施必須符合國家規定的標準。

Article 53 Facilities of occupational safety and health must meet the standards stipulated by the State.

新建、改建、擴建工程的勞動安全衛生設施必須與主體工程同時設計、同時施工、同時投入生產和使用。

Facilities of occupational safety and health installed in new projects and projects to be rebuilt or expanded must be designed, constructed and put into use simultaneously with the main projects.

第五十四條   用人單位必須為勞動者提供符合國家規定的勞動安全衛生條件和必要的勞動防護用品，對從事有職業危害作業的勞動者應當定期進行健康檢查。

Article 54 The employing unit must provide laborers with occupational safety and health conditions conforming to the provisions of the State and necessary articles of labor protection, and provide regular health examination for laborers engaged in work with occupational hazards.

第五十五條   從事特種作業的勞動者必須經過專門培訓並取得特種作業資格。

Article 55 Workers engaging in special operations must receive special training and obtain qualifications for such special operations.

第五十六條   勞動者在勞動過程中必須嚴格遵守安全操作規程。

Article 56 Laborers must strictly abide by rules of safe operation in the process of their work.

勞動者對用人單位管理人員違章指揮、強令冒險作業，有權拒絕執行；對危害生命安全和身體健康的行為，有權提出批評、檢舉和控告。

Laborers shall have the right to refuse to operate if the management personnel of the employing unit command the operation in violation of rules and regulations or force laborers to run risks in operation; laborers shall have the right to criticize, report or file charges against the acts endangering the safety of their life and health.

第五十七條   國家建立傷亡事故和職業病統計報告和處理制度。縣級以上各級人民政府勞動行政部門、有關部門和用人單位應當依法對勞動者在勞動過程中發生的傷亡事故和勞動者的職業病狀況，進行統計、報告和處理。

Article 57 The State shall establish a system of statistics, reports and dispositions of accidents of injuries and deaths, and cases of occupational diseases. The administrative departments of labour and other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level and the employing unit shall, according to law, compile statistics, report and dispose of accidents of injuries and deaths that occurred in the process of their work and situations of occupational diseases.

第七章 女職工和未成年工特殊保護

Chapter 7 Special Protection for Female Employees and Juvenile Workers

第五十八條   國家對女職工和未成年工實行特殊勞動保護。

Article 58 The State shall provide female staff and workers and juvenile workers with special protection.

未成年工是指年滿十六周歲未滿十八周歲的勞動者。

Minor workers refer to the workers who have reached the age of 16 but not the age of 18.

第五十九條   禁止安排女職工從事礦山井下、國家規定的第四級體力勞動強度的勞動和其他禁忌從事的勞動。

Article 59 It is prohibited to arrange female workers to engage in work down the pit of mines, or work with Grade IV physical labor intensity as stipulated by the State, or other work forbidden to female workers.

第六十條   不得安排女職工在經期從事高處、低溫、冷水作業和國家規定的第三級體力勞動強度的勞動。

Article 60 It is prohibited to arrange for female staff and workers during their menstrual periods to engage in work high above the ground, under low temperatures, or in cold water or work with Grade III physical labour intensity as prescribed by the State.

第六十一條   不得安排女職工在懷孕期間從事國家規定的第三級體力勞動強度的勞動和孕期禁忌從事的勞動。對懷孕七個月以上的女職工，不得安排其延長工作時間和夜班勞動。

Article 61 Female workers during their pregnancy shall not be arranged to engage in work with Grade III physical labor intensity as stipulated by the State or other work that they should avoid during pregnancy. It is prohibited to arrange for female staff and workers who have been pregnant for seven months or more to extend their working hours or to work night shifts.

第六十二條   女職工生育享受不少於九十天的產假。

Article 62 Maternity leave for female employees shall be not less than 90 days.

第六十三條   不得安排女職工在哺乳未滿一周歲的嬰兒期間從事國家規定的第三級體力勞動強度的勞動和哺乳期禁忌從事的其他勞動，不得安排其延長工作時間和夜班勞動。

Article 63 It is prohibited to arrange for female staff and workers during the period of breast-feeding their babies of less than one year old to engage in work with Grade III physical labour intensity as prescribed by the State or other work that they should avoid during their breast-feeding period, or to extend their working hours or to work night shifts.

第六十四條   不得安排未成年工從事礦山井下、有毒有害、國家規定的第四級體力勞動強度的勞動和其他禁忌從事的勞動。

Article 64 No juvenile workers shall be arranged to engage in work down the pit of mines, work that is poisonous or harmful, work with Grade IV physical labor intensity as stipulated by the State, or other work that they should avoid.

第六十五條   用人單位應當對未成年工定期進行健康檢查。

Article 65 The employing unit shall provide regular physical examinations to juvenile workers.

第八章 職業培訓

Chapter 8 Vocational training

第六十六條   國家通過各種途徑，采取各種措施，發展職業培訓事業，開發勞動者的職業技能，提高勞動者素質，增強勞動者的就業能力和工作能力。

Article 66 The State shall take various measures through various channels to develop vocational training undertakings so as to develop professional skills of workers, improve their qualities, and raise their employment capability and work ability.

第六十七條   各級人民政府應當把發展職業培訓納入社會經濟發展的規劃，鼓勵和支持有條件的企業、事業組織、社會團體和個人進行各種形式的職業培訓。

Article 67 People's governments at various levels shall incorporate the development of vocational training in the plans of social and economic development, encourage and support all enterprises, institutions, public organizations and individuals, where conditions permit, to sponsor all kinds of vocational training.

第六十八條   用人單位應當建立職業培訓制度，按照國家規定提取和使用職業培訓經費，根據本單位實際，有計劃地對勞動者進行職業培訓。

Article 68 The employing unit shall establish a system for vocational training, raise and use funds for vocational training in accordance with the provisions of the State, and provide labourers with vocational training in a planned way and in the light of the actual conditions of the unit.

從事技術工種的勞動者，上崗前必須經過培訓。

Labourers to be engaged in technical work must undergo training before taking up their posts.

第六十九條   國家確定職業分類，對規定的職業制定職業技能標準，實行職業資格證書制度，由經備案的考核鑒定機構負責對勞動者實施職業技能考核鑒定。

Article 69 The State shall determine occupational classification, set up professional skill standards for the occupations classified, and practise a system of vocational qualification certificates. The examination and verification organizations which have kept records shall be responsible for the examination and verification of the professional skills of laborers.

第九章 社會保險和福利

Chapter 9 Social Insurance and Welfare Benefits

第七十條   國家發展社會保險事業，建立社會保險制度，設立社會保險基金，使勞動者在年老、患病、工傷、失業、生育等情況下獲得幫助和補償。

Article 70 The State shall develop social insurance undertakings, establish a social insurance system, and set up social insurance funds so that labourers may receive assistance and compensations under such circumstances as old age, illness, work-related injury, unemployment and child-bearing.

第七十一條   社會保險水平應當與社會經濟發展水平和社會承受能力相適應。

Article 71 The level of social insurance shall be in proportion to the level of social and economic development and the social affordability.

第七十二條   社會保險基金按照保險類型確定資金來源，逐步實行社會統籌。用人單位和勞動者必須依法參加社會保險，繳納社會保險費。

Article 72 The sources of social insurance funds shall be determined according to the categories of insurance, and an overall raising of social insurance funds shall be introduced step by step. The employing unit and laborers must participate in social insurance and pay social insurance premiums in accordance with the law.

第七十三條   勞動者在下列情形下，依法享受社會保險待遇：

Article 73 Labourers shall, under the following circumstances, enjoy social insurance benefits in accordance with the law:

（一）退休；

1. Retirement;

（二）患病、負傷；

(II) being ill or injured;

（三）因工傷殘或者患職業病；

(III) Being injured and disabled in line of duty or suffering from occupational diseases;

（四）失業；

(IV) being unemployed;

（五）生育。

(V) Childbirth.

勞動者死亡後，其遺屬依法享受遺屬津貼。

After the death of a labourer, the surviving family members of the deceased shall be entitled to subsidies for such survivors in accordance with the law.

勞動者享受社會保險待遇的條件和標準由法律、法規規定。

The conditions and standards for labourers to enjoy social insurance benefits shall be stipulated by laws and regulations.

勞動者享受的社會保險金必須按時足額支付。

Social insurance benefits enjoyed by workers must be paid on schedule and in full.

第七十四條   社會保險基金經辦機構依照法律規定收支、管理和運營社會保險基金，並負有使社會保險基金保值增值的責任。

Article 74 The agencies in charge of social insurance funds shall collect, expend, manage and operate the funds in accordance with the stipulations of laws, and assume the responsibility to maintain and raise the value of these funds.

社會保險基金監督機構依照法律規定，對社會保險基金的收支、管理和運營實施監督。

The supervisory organizations of social insurance funds shall exercise supervision over the revenue and expenditure, management and operation of social insurance funds in accordance with the stipulations of laws.

社會保險基金經辦機構和社會保險基金監督機構的設立和職能由法律規定。

The establishment and functions of the agencies in charge of social insurance funds and the supervisory organizations of social insurance funds shall be prescribed by law.

任何組織和個人不得挪用社會保險基金。

No organisation or individual shall misappropriate social security funds.

第七十五條   國家鼓勵用人單位根據本單位實際情況為勞動者建立補充保險。

Article 75 The State shall encourage the employing unit to set up supplementary insurance for laborers according to its practical situations.

國家提倡勞動者個人進行儲蓄性保險。

The State shall advocate that laborers practise individual insurance in form of saving account.

第七十六條   國家發展社會福利事業，興建公共福利設施，為勞動者休息、休養和療養提供條件。

Article 76 The State shall develop social welfare undertakings, construct public welfare facilities, and provide conditions for workers to rest, convalesce and recuperate.

用人單位應當創造條件，改善集體福利，提高勞動者的福利待遇。

The employing unit shall create conditions to improve collective welfare and raise welfare treatment of laborers.

第十章 勞動爭議

Chapter 10 Labor Disputes

第七十七條   用人單位與勞動者發生勞動爭議，當事人可以依法申請調解、仲裁、提起訴訟，也可以協商解決。

Article 77 Where a labor dispute between the employing unit and laborers takes place, the parties concerned may apply for mediation or arbitration or take legal proceedings according to law, or may seek for a settlement through consultation.

調解原則適用於仲裁和訴訟程序。

The principle of mediation shall be applicable to the procedures of arbitration and lawsuit.

第七十八條   解決勞動爭議，應當根據合法、公正、及時處理的原則，依法維護勞動爭議當事人的合法權益。

Article 78 The settlement of a labor dispute shall follow the principle of legality, fairness and promptness so as to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties in accordance with the law.

第七十九條   勞動爭議發生後，當事人可以向本單位勞動爭議調解委員會申請調解；調解不成，當事人一方要求仲裁的，可以向勞動爭議仲裁委員會申請仲裁。當事人一方也可以直接向勞動爭議仲裁委員會申請仲裁。對仲裁裁決不服的，可以向人民法院提起訴訟。

Article 79 Where a labor dispute takes place, the parties involved may apply to the labor dispute mediation committee of their unit for mediation; if the mediation fails and one of the parties requests for arbitration, that party may apply to the labor dispute arbitration committee for arbitration. Either party may also directly apply to the labor dispute arbitration committee for arbitration. If one of the parties is not satisfied with the arbitration ruling, the party may bring the case to a people's court.

第八十條   在用人單位內，可以設立勞動爭議調解委員會。勞動爭議調解委員會由職工代表、用人單位代表和工會代表組成。勞動爭議調解委員會主任由工會代表擔任。

Article 80 A labor dispute mediation committee may be established inside the employing unit. The committee shall be composed of representatives of the staff and workers, the employing unit, and the trade union. The chairmanship of the committee shall be assumed by a representative of the trade union.

勞動爭議經調解達成協議的，當事人應當履行。

If an agreement is reached through mediation in the case of a labour dispute, it shall be implemented by the parties.

第八十一條   勞動爭議仲裁委員會由勞動行政部門代表、同級工會代表、用人單位方面的代表組成。勞動爭議仲裁委員會主任由勞動行政部門代表擔任。

Article 81 A labour dispute arbitration committee shall consist of representatives of the labour administration department, the trade union at the same level and the employer unit. The chairperson of a labour dispute arbitration committee shall be a representative of the labour administration department.

第八十二條   提出仲裁要求的一方應當自勞動爭議發生之日起六十日內向勞動爭議仲裁委員會提出書面申請。仲裁裁決一般應在收到仲裁申請的六十日內作出。對仲裁裁決無異議的，當事人必須履行。

Article 82 The party that requests arbitration shall file a written application to a labor dispute arbitration committee within 60 days starting from the date of the occurrence of a labor dispute. The arbitration award shall generally be rendered within sixty days of receipt of the arbitration application. The parties concerned must implement the award if no objections are raised.

第八十三條   勞動爭議當事人對仲裁裁決不服的，可以自收到仲裁裁決書之日起十五日內向人民法院提起訴訟。一方當事人在法定期限內不起訴又不履行仲裁裁決的，另一方當事人可以申請人民法院強制執行。

Article 83 Where a party to a labor dispute is not satisfied with the arbitral award, it may bring a lawsuit to the people's court within 15 days from the date of receiving the arbitral award. Where one party concerned neither brings a lawsuit nor performs the arbitral award within the statutory time limit, the other party may apply to the people's court for compulsory enforcement.

第八十四條   因簽訂集體合同發生爭議，當事人協商解決不成的，當地人民政府勞動行政部門可以組織有關各方協調處理。

Article 84 Where a dispute arises from the conclusion of a collective contract and no settlement can be reached through consultation by the parties concerned, the labor administrative department of the local people's government may organize the relevant parties to coordinate and handle the dispute.

因履行集體合同發生爭議，當事人協商解決不成的，可以向勞動爭議仲裁委員會申請仲裁；對仲裁裁決不服的，可以自收到仲裁裁決書之日起十五日內向人民法院提起訴訟。

Where a dispute arises from the fulfillment of a collective contract and no settlement can be reached through consultation by the parties concerned, the dispute may be submitted to the labor dispute arbitration committee for arbitration; if the parties are not satisfied with the arbitral award, they may bring a lawsuit to the people's court within 15 days from the date of receiving the award of arbitration.

第十一章 監督檢查

Chapter 11 Supervision and Inspection

第八十五條   縣級以上各級人民政府勞動行政部門依法對用人單位遵守勞動法律、法規的情況進行監督檢查，對違反勞動法律、法規的行為有權制止，並責令改正。

Article 85 The administrative departments of labour under the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the law, supervise and inspect the implementation of laws, rules and regulations on labour by the employing units, and have the power to stop any acts that run counter to laws, rules and regulations on labour and order the rectification thereof.

第八十六條   縣級以上各級人民政府勞動行政部門監督檢查人員執行公務，有權進入用人單位了解執行勞動法律、法規的情況，查閱必要的資料，並對勞動場所進行檢查。

Article 86 Inspectors from the labour administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, while on duty, have the right to enter the employing units to make investigations about the implementation of laws, rules and regulations on labour, consult necessary data and inspect labour sites.

縣級以上各級人民政府勞動行政部門監督檢查人員執行公務，必須出示證件，秉公執法並遵守有關規定。

The inspectors from the administrative departments of labour under the people's governments at or above the county level must show their papers while performing public duties, enforce laws impartially, and abide by the relevant regulations.

第八十七條   縣級以上各級人民政府有關部門在各自職責範圍內，對用人單位遵守勞動法律、法規的情況進行監督。

Article 87 Relevant departments under the people's governments at or above the county level shall, within the scope of their respective functions and responsibilities, supervise the implementation of laws, rules and regulations on labor by the employing units.

第八十八條   各級工會依法維護勞動者的合法權益，對用人單位遵守勞動法律、法規的情況進行監督。

Article 88 Trade unions at various levels shall, in accordance with the law, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of labourers, and supervise the implementation of laws, rules and regulations on labour by the employing units.

任何組織和個人對於違反勞動法律、法規的行為有權檢舉和控告。

Any organizations or individuals shall have the right to inform against and accuse any acts in violation of laws, rules and regulations on labour.

第十二章 法律責任

Chapter 12 Legal Liabilities

第八十九條   用人單位制定的勞動規章制度違反法律、法規規定的，由勞動行政部門給予警告，責令改正；對勞動者造成損害的，應當承擔賠償責任。

Article 89 Where the rules and regulations on labor formulated by the employing unit run counter to the provisions of laws, rules and regulations, the labor administrative department shall give a warning to the unit, order it to make corrections; where any harms have been caused to laborers, the unit shall be liable for compensation.

第九十條   用人單位違反本法規定，延長勞動者工作時間的，由勞動行政部門給予警告，責令改正，並可以處以罰款。

Article 90 If an employer unit has extended the working hours of its workers in violation of the provisions of this Law, the labour administration department in charge shall issue a warning and order the employer unit to rectify the situation and, moreover, may impose a fine.

第九十一條   用人單位有下列侵害勞動者合法權益情形之一的，由勞動行政部門責令支付勞動者的工資報酬、經濟補償，並可以責令支付賠償金：

Article 91 Where the employing unit commits any of the following acts infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of laborers, the administrative department of labor shall order it to pay laborers remuneration or to make up for economic losses, and may also order it to pay compensation:

（一）克扣或者無故拖欠勞動者工資的；

1. embezzling or defaulting the wages of employees without reason;

（二）拒不支付勞動者延長工作時間工資報酬的；

2. Refusing to pay laborers remuneration for the extended working hours;

（三）低於當地最低工資標準支付勞動者工資的；

(III) To pay laborers wages below the local standard on minimum wages; or

（四）解除勞動合同後，未依照本法規定給予勞動者經濟補償的。

(IV) To fail to provide laborers with economic compensations in accordance with the provisions of this Law after cancellation of labor contracts.

第九十二條   用人單位的勞動安全設施和勞動衛生條件不符合國家規定或者未向勞動者提供必要的勞動防護用品和勞動保護設施的，由勞動行政部門或者有關部門責令改正，可以處以罰款；情節嚴重的，提請縣級以上人民政府決定責令停產整頓；對事故隱患不采取措施，致使發生重大事故，造成勞動者生命和財產損失的，對責任人員依照刑法有關規定追究刑事責任。

Article 92 If labour safety facilities and labour hygiene conditions of an employer unit fail to meet the requirements of the State or if an employer unit fails to provide the necessary labour protection equipment and labour protection facilities, the labour administration department in charge or relevant departments shall order the employer unit in question to rectify the situation and, moreover, may impose a fine; if the case is serious, the people's government at county level or above shall be requested to make a decision to order the employer unit in question to suspend operations for reorganisation; if an employer unit fails to adopt measures to prevent potential accidents so as to result in a major accident in which loss of life of a worker (s) is sustained, shall have criminal liability pursued with reference to the provisions of the Criminal Law.

第九十三條   用人單位強令勞動者違章冒險作業，發生重大傷亡事故，造成嚴重後果的，對責任人員依法追究刑事責任。

Article 93 Where an employer forces workers to operate with risks in violation of rules and regulations, thus causing major accident of injuries and deaths, and serious consequences, the person in charge shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law.

第九十四條   用人單位非法招用未滿十六周歲的未成年人的，由勞動行政部門責令改正，處以罰款；情節嚴重的，由市場監督管理部門吊銷營業執照。

Article 94 If an employer illegally recruits underage workers, the labour administration department in charge shall order the employer to rectify the situation and impose a fine. In serious cases, the market supervision and administration department shall revoke the business licence of the employer.

第九十五條   用人單位違反本法對女職工和未成年工的保護規定，侵害其合法權益的，由勞動行政部門責令改正，處以罰款；對女職工或者未成年工造成損害的，應當承擔賠償責任。

Article 95 If an employer unit has violated the provisions of this Law on the protection of female and underage workers so as to infringe their legal rights and interests, the labour administration department in charge shall order the employer unit in question to rectify the situation and, moreover, may impose a fine; the employer unit shall bear liability for compensation for harm caused to female and underage workers.

第九十六條   用人單位有下列行為之一，由公安機關對責任人員處以十五日以下拘留、罰款或者警告；構成犯罪的，對責任人員依法追究刑事責任：

Article 96 Where an employer commits one of the following acts, the person in charge shall be detained by a public security organ for 15 days or less, or fined, or given a warning; and criminal liabilities shall be investigated against the person in charge in accordance with the law if the act constitutes a crime:

（一）以暴力、威脅或者非法限制人身自由的手段強迫勞動的；

1. Forcing the worker to work by means of violence, menace or illegal restriction of personal freedom;

（二）侮辱、體罰、毆打、非法搜查和拘禁勞動者的。

(II) Humiliating, giving corporal punishment to, beating, illegally searching or detaining workers.

第九十七條   由於用人單位的原因訂立的無效合同，對勞動者造成損害的，應當承擔賠償責任。

Article 97 If an invalid contract concluded for reasons of the employer has caused harm to workers, the employer shall be liable for compensation.

第九十八條   用人單位違反本法規定的條件解除勞動合同或者故意拖延不訂立勞動合同的，由勞動行政部門責令改正；對勞動者造成損害的，應當承擔賠償責任。

Article 98 If an Employer terminates a labor contract or deliberately delays the conclusion of a labor contract in violation of the conditions specified in this Law, the labor administrative department shall order rectification. If harm is done to workers, the Employer shall be liable for damages.

第九十九條   用人單位招用尚未解除勞動合同的勞動者，對原用人單位造成經濟損失的，該用人單位應當依法承擔連帶賠償責任。

Article 99 If an employer unit has employed a worker whose labour contract with a former employer unit has not yet been dissolved so as to cause the former employer unit to incur economic losses, the employer unit shall bear liability for compensation in accordance with the law.

第一百條   用人單位無故不繳納社會保險費的，由勞動行政部門責令其限期繳納；逾期不繳的，可以加收滯納金。

Article 100 If an employer unit fails to pay social insurance premiums without proper reason, the labour administration department in charge shall order the employer unit to pay social insurance premiums within a prescribed time limit; if the employer unit fails to make payment within the prescribed time limit, a late payment fine may be imposed.

第一百零一條   用人單位無理阻撓勞動行政部門、有關部門及其工作人員行使監督檢查權，打擊報複舉報人員的，由勞動行政部門或者有關部門處以罰款；構成犯罪的，對責任人員依法追究刑事責任。

Article 101 If an employing unit unjustifiably obstructs the labor administrative department and other relevant departments as well as their functionaries from exercising the powers of supervision and inspection or retaliates informers, the labor administrative department or other relevant departments shall impose fines upon the unit. If a crime is constituted, the person in charge shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities according to law.

第一百零二條   勞動者違反本法規定的條件解除勞動合同或者違反勞動合同中約定的保密事項，對用人單位造成經濟損失的，應當依法承擔賠償責任。

Article 102 Where a worker rescinds a labour contract in violation of the criteria stipulated in this Law or violates the provisions on confidentiality stipulated in the labour contract and causes the employer to suffer economic losses, the worker shall bear compensation liability pursuant to the law.

第一百零三條   勞動行政部門或者有關部門的工作人員濫用職權、玩忽職守、徇私舞弊，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；不構成犯罪的，給予行政處分。

Article 103 Personnel of the labour administrative authorities or the relevant authorities guilty of abusing official powers, dereliction of duties and corruption shall be prosecuted for criminal liability pursuant to the law if the case constitutes a criminal offence; where the case does not constitute a criminal offence, administrative punishment shall be imposed.

第一百零四條   國家工作人員和社會保險基金經辦機構的工作人員挪用社會保險基金，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 104 The functionaries of the State or the agencies in charge of social insurance funds who misappropriate the social insurance funds, shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities according to law if a crime is constituted.

第一百零五條   違反本法規定侵害勞動者合法權益，其他法律、行政法規已規定處罰的，依照該法律、行政法規的規定處罰。

Article 105 If there are provisions of other laws or administrative regulations on the punishment of infringements of the lawful rights and interests of workers as stipulated by this Law, such provisions shall apply.

第十三章 附 則

Chapter 13 Supplementary Provisions

第一百零六條   省、自治區、直轄市人民政府根據本法和本地區的實際情況，規定勞動合同制度的實施步驟，報國務院備案。

Article 106 People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, according to this Law and in light of their local conditions, work out the implementing measures for the labour contract system and report them to the State Council for the record.

第一百零七條   本法自1995年1月1日起施行。

Article 107 This Law shall go into effect as of January 1, 1995.