法律文本

中華人民共和國港口法（2018修正）

Port Law of the People's Republic of China (2018 Revision)

（2003年6月28日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三次會議通過 根據2015年4月24日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十四次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國港口法〉等七部法律的決定》第一次修正 根據2017年11月4日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三十次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國會計法〉等十一部法律的決定》第二次修正 根據2018年12月29日第十三屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第七次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國電力法〉等四部法律的決定》第三次修正）

(Adopted at the Third Session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on June 28, 2003; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Revising Seven Laws including the Port Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 14th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on April 24, 2015; amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising Eleven Laws including the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on November 4, 2017; and amended for the third time according to the Decision on Revising Four Laws including the Electric Power Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 7th Session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress on December 29, 2018)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了加強港口管理，維護港口的安全與經營秩序，保護當事人的合法權益，促進港口的建設與發展，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening port administration, maintaining port safety and operational order, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and promoting the construction and development of ports.

第二條   從事港口規劃、建設、維護、經營、管理及其相關活動，適用本法。

Article 2 This Law is applicable to the planning, construction, maintenance, operation and administration of ports and other relevant activities.

第三條   本法所稱港口，是指具有船舶進出、停泊、靠泊，旅客上下，貨物裝卸、駁運、儲存等功能，具有相應的碼頭設施，由一定範圍的水域和陸域組成的區域。

Article 3 As used in this Law, the term "port" means a region comprising certain water and land areas, having the functions for vessels to enter, leave, lie at anchor and moor, for passengers to embark and disembark, and for goods to be loaded, unloaded, lightered and stored, and being equipped with the necessary dock facilities.

港口可以由一個或者多個港區組成。

A port may consist of one or more port areas.

第四條   國務院和有關縣級以上地方人民政府應當在國民經濟和社會發展計劃中體現港口的發展和規劃要求，並依法保護和合理利用港口資源。

Article 4 The State Council and the local people's governments at or above the county level concerned shall embody the requirements of port development and planning in their plans of national economic and social development, protect and make rational use of the port resources in accordance with law.

第五條   國家鼓勵國內外經濟組織和個人依法投資建設、經營港口，保護投資者的合法權益。

Article 5 The State encourages economic organizations and individuals at home and abroad to invest in port construction and operation in accordance with law, and protects the legitimate rights and interests of the investors.

第六條   國務院交通主管部門主管全國的港口工作。

Article 6. The communications department of the State Council shall be responsible for port issues nation-wide.

地方人民政府對本行政區域內港口的管理，按照國務院關於港口管理體制的規定確定。

The local people's governments shall, in accordance with the regulations on the system for port administration formulated by the State Council, decide on the administration of the ports within their own administrative areas.

依照前款確定的港口管理體制，由港口所在地的市、縣人民政府管理的港口，由市、縣人民政府確定一個部門具體實施對港口的行政管理；由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府管理的港口，由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府確定一個部門具體實施對港口的行政管理。

According to the port administration system decided on as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, for a port that comes under the administration of the people's government of the city or county where it is located, the said people's government shall assign a department to administer the port specifically; and for a port that comes under the administration of the people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where it is located, the said people's government shall assign a department to administer the port specifically.

依照前款確定的對港口具體實施行政管理的部門，以下統稱港口行政管理部門。

The departments assigned as per the provisions in the preceding paragraph to conduct specific port administration are hereinafter referred to as port administration authorities in general.

第二章 港口規劃與建設

Chapter 2 Port Planning and Construction

第七條   港口規劃應當根據國民經濟和社會發展的要求以及國防建設的需要編制，體現合理利用岸線資源的原則，符合城鎮體系規劃，並與土地利用總體規劃、城市總體規劃、江河流域規劃、防洪規劃、海洋功能區劃、水路運輸發展規劃和其他運輸方式發展規劃以及法律、行政法規規定的其他有關規劃相銜接、協調。

Article 7 Port plans shall be drawn up in accordance with the requirements of national economic and social development and the needs of national defense, shall embody the principle of rational use of the coastline resources, shall comply with the plans for the network of cities and towns, shall be connected and coordinated with the general plans for land use, general city plans, river basin plans, flood-control plans, marine function divisions, waterway transport development plans, development plans for other modes of transport and other relevant plans provided for by laws or administrative regulations.

編制港口規劃應當組織專家論證，並依法進行環境影響評價。

In drawing up a port plan, specialists shall be invited to expound and prove it; and the effects on the environment shall be evaluated in accordance with law.

第八條   港口規劃包括港口布局規劃和港口總體規劃。

Article 8 Port plans include port layout plans and port general plans.

港口布局規劃，是指港口的分布規劃，包括全國港口布局規劃和省、自治區、直轄市港口布局規劃。

A port layout plan means the plan for the geographical distribution of ports, embracing the national port layout plan and the port layout plan of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.

港口總體規劃，是指一個港口在一定時期的具體規劃，包括港口的水域和陸域範圍、港區劃分、吞吐量和到港船型、港口的性質和功能、水域和陸域使用、港口設施建設岸線使用、建設用地配置以及分期建設序列等內容。

A port general plan means the specific plan of one port for a given period of time, embracing the scope of water and land areas, division of the port area, handling capacity and types of calling vessels, the character and functions of the port, use of water and land areas, use of coastline for the construction of port facilities, allocation of land for construction, the order of construction phases, etc.

港口總體規劃應當符合港口布局規劃。

The overall port planning shall conform to the port layout planning.

第九條   全國港口布局規劃，由國務院交通主管部門征求國務院有關部門和有關軍事機關的意見編制，報國務院批準後公布實施。

Article 9 A national port layout plan shall be drawn up by the competent department of communications under the State Council after consulting with the relevant departments under the State Council and the military authorities concerned and shall be promulgated for implementation upon approval by the State Council.

省、自治區、直轄市港口布局規劃，由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府根據全國港口布局規劃組織編制，並送國務院交通主管部門征求意見。國務院交通主管部門自收到征求意見的材料之日起滿三十日未提出修改意見的，該港口布局規劃由有關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府公布實施；國務院交通主管部門認為不符合全國港口布局規劃的，應當自收到征求意見的材料之日起三十日內提出修改意見；有關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府對修改意見有異議的，報國務院決定。

Layout planning for ports of provinces, autonomous regions and centrally-administered municipalities shall be organised and formulated by the people's government of the province, autonomous region or centrally-administered municipality in accordance with relevant requirements of the layout planning of national ports, and submitted to the communications department of the State Council for review. If the said department puts forward no suggestions for revision within 30 days from the date it receives the plan submitted for its comments and suggestions, the port layout plan shall be promulgated for implementation by the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government. If the competent department of communications under the State Council considers the plan not in conformity with the national port layout plan, it shall put forward its suggestions for revision within 30 days from the date it receives the plan. If the people's government of the relevant province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government raises objections to the suggestions for revisions, it shall report to the State Council for decision.

第十條   港口總體規劃由港口行政管理部門征求有關部門和有關軍事機關的意見編制。

Article 10 A port general plan shall be drawn up by the port administration authority after consulting with the relevant departments and the military authorities concerned.

第十一條   地理位置重要、吞吐量較大、對經濟發展影響較廣的主要港口的總體規劃，由國務院交通主管部門征求國務院有關部門和有關軍事機關的意見後，會同有關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府批準，並公布實施。主要港口名錄由國務院交通主管部門征求國務院有關部門意見後確定並公布。

Article 11 With respect to the general plan of a major port with an important geographical position, a relatively great handling capacity and a fairly wide-spread effect on the economic development, the competent department of communications under the State Council shall consult with the relevant departments under the State Council and the military authorities concerned, before it gives approval to the plan in conjunction with the people's government of the relevant province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government and promulgates it for implementation. The list of major ports shall be determined and promulgated by the competent department of communications under the State Council after consulting with the relevant departments under the State Council.

省、自治區、直轄市人民政府征求國務院交通主管部門的意見後確定本地區的重要港口。重要港口的總體規劃由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府征求國務院交通主管部門意見後批準，公布實施。

The people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall decide on the major ports located there after consulting with the competent department of communications under the State Council. The general plans of the major ports shall be subject to approval and be promulgated for implementation by the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government after consulting with the competent department of communications under the State Council.

前兩款規定以外的港口的總體規劃，由港口所在地的市、縣人民政府批準後公布實施，並報省、自治區、直轄市人民政府備案。

The general plans of the ports other than the ones as specified in the preceding two paragraphs shall be promulgated for implementation upon approval by the people's government of the city or county where the ports are located and shall be submitted to the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government for the record.

市、縣人民政府港口行政管理部門編制的屬於本條第一款、第二款規定範圍的港口的總體規劃，在報送審批前應當經本級人民政府審核同意。

The general plan of a port belonging to the category of the ports as specified in the first or second paragraph of this Article which is drawn up by the port administration authority of the people's government of a city or county shall be subject to examination and agreement by the said people's government before it is submitted for examination and approval.

第十二條   港口規劃的修改，按照港口規劃制定程序辦理。

Article 12 Revision of port plans shall be made in accordance with the procedures for formulating port plans.

第十三條   在港口總體規劃區內建設港口設施，使用港口深水岸線的，由國務院交通主管部門會同國務院經濟綜合宏觀調控部門批準；建設港口設施，使用非深水岸線的，由港口行政管理部門批準。但是，由國務院或者國務院經濟綜合宏觀調控部門批準建設的項目使用港口岸線，不再另行辦理使用港口岸線的審批手續。

Article 13. Construction of port facilities involving deep-water coastline within master plan zones shall be approved jointly by the communications department and integrated macro-economic control department of the State Council. Construction of port facilities which do not involve deep-water coastline shall be approved by the port administration department. However, where port coastline is to be used for the construction of a project which has been approved by the State Council or the department in charge of comprehensive and macro-economic regulation and control under the State Council, there shall be no need to go through the formalities of examination and approval separately for such use.

港口深水岸線的標準由國務院交通主管部門制定。

The standards for port deep-water coastlines shall be formulated by the communications department of the State Council.

第十四條   港口建設應當符合港口規劃。不得違反港口規劃建設任何港口設施。

Article 14 Port construction shall comply with port planning. No port facility may be constructed at variance with port plans.

第十五條   按照國家規定須經有關機關批準的港口建設項目，應當按照國家有關規定辦理審批手續，並符合國家有關標準和技術規範。

Article 15 With respect to port construction projects subject to approval by the relevant authorities according to State regulations, the approval formalities shall be gone through in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, and the projects shall conform to the relevant national standards and technical specifications.

建設港口工程項目，應當依法進行環境影響評價。

The effect exerted by port construction projects on the environment shall be evaluated in accordance with law.

港口建設項目的安全設施和環境保護設施，必須與主體工程同時設計、同時施工、同時投入使用。

Safety facilities and environmental protection facilities for port construction projects shall be designed, constructed and put into use simultaneously with the main project.

第十六條   港口建設使用土地和水域，應當依照有關土地管理、海域使用管理、河道管理、航道管理、軍事設施保護管理的法律、行政法規以及其他有關法律、行政法規的規定辦理。

Article 16 In port construction, land and water areas shall be used in conformity with the provisions of the laws and administrative regulations concerning administration of land and of the use of sea areas, administration of the river courses and of the fairways and administration of protection for military installations, and other relevant laws and administrative regulations.

第十七條   港口的危險貨物作業場所、實施衛生除害處理的專用場所，應當符合港口總體規劃和國家有關安全生產、消防、檢驗檢疫和環境保護的要求，其與人口密集區和港口客運設施的距離應當符合國務院有關部門的規定；經依法辦理有關手續後，方可建設。

Article 17. Port areas for dangerous goods and special-purpose areas for the implementation of sanitation shall comply with the master plan guidelines and relevant State regulations on work safety, fire prevention and control, inspection, quarantine and environmental protection. The distance between densely populated areas and port passenger transport facilities shall comply with regulations of relevant State Council department (s). Construction shall commence upon completion of relevant formalities in accordance with laws.

第十八條   航標設施以及其他輔助性設施，應當與港口同步建設，並保證按期投入使用。

Article 18 Beacons and other auxiliary facilities shall be put up simultaneously with the construction of the port and their putting into use on schedule shall be guaranteed.

港口內有關行政管理機構辦公設施的建設應當符合港口總體規劃，建設費用不得向港口經營人攤派。

The construction of office facilities for the relevant administrative authorities in the port shall conform to the port general plan, and the expenses involved therefor shall not be apportioned among port operators.

第十九條   港口設施建設項目竣工後，應當按照國家有關規定經驗收合格，方可投入使用。

Article 19 Upon completion of construction, port facilities shall be put into use only after they are checked and accepted as qualified in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State.

港口設施的所有權，依照有關法律規定確定。

The ownership of port facilities shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws.

第二十條   縣級以上有關人民政府應當保證必要的資金投入，用於港口公用的航道、防波堤、錨地等基礎設施的建設和維護。具體辦法由國務院規定。

Article 20 The relevant people's governments at or above the county level shall guarantee the necessary investment of funds in the construction and maintenance of the port infrastructures for public use, such as the fairways, breakwaters and anchorages. The specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

第二十一條   縣級以上有關人民政府應當采取措施，組織建設與港口相配套的航道、鐵路、公路、給排水、供電、通信等設施。

Article 21 The relevant people's governments at or above the county level shall take measures and make arrangements for the construction of facilities subsidiary to the port, such as fairways, railways, roads, water supply and drainage, power supply and telecommunications.

第三章 港口經營

Chapter 3 Port Operation

第二十二條   從事港口經營，應當向港口行政管理部門書面申請取得港口經營許可，並依法辦理工商登記。

Article 22 Whoever intends to operate a port shall submit a written application to the port administration authority for a port operation permit and register with the department for industry and commerce in accordance with law.

港口行政管理部門實施港口經營許可，應當遵循公開、公正、公平的原則。

When granting permission for port operation, the port administration authority shall follow the principles of openness, impartiality and fairness.

港口經營包括碼頭和其他港口設施的經營，港口旅客運輸服務經營，在港區內從事貨物的裝卸、駁運、倉儲的經營和港口拖輪經營等。

Port operations include the operations of dock and other port facilities, port services for passenger transport, cargo loading, unloading, lightering and storing in the port area, and operations of tugs in port.

第二十三條   取得港口經營許可，應當有固定的經營場所，有與經營業務相適應的設施、設備、專業技術人員和管理人員，並應當具備法律、法規規定的其他條件。

Article 23 Applicants for port management permit shall have a fixed venue of operation, facilities, equipment, technical professionals and management personnel relevant to their scope of operation and satisfy any other requirements stipulated by laws and regulations.

第二十四條   港口行政管理部門應當自收到本法第二十二條第一款規定的書面申請之日起三十日內依法作出許可或者不予許可的決定。予以許可的，頒發港口經營許可證；不予許可的，應當書面通知申請人並告知理由。

Article 24 The port administration authority shall make a decision whether to grant or not to grant permission within 30 days from the date it receives the written application prescribed in the first paragraph of Article 22 of this Law. In case of approval, a port business license shall be issued; in case of denial, the applicant shall be notified in writing of the reason.

第二十五條   國務院交通主管部門應當制定港口理貨服務標準和規範。

Article 25 The competent department of communications under the State Council shall formulate the standards and norms for port tallying.

經營港口理貨業務，應當按照規定報港口行政管理部門備案。

Tally operations shall be filed with the port administration department in accordance with regulations.

港口理貨業務經營人應當公正、準確地辦理理貨業務；不得兼營本法第二十二條第三款規定的貨物裝卸經營業務和倉儲經營業務。

A port tallyman shall do tallying impartially and accurately; he shall not concurrently engage in loading, unloading or storing cargo as prescribed in the third paragraph of Article 22 of this Law.

第二十六條   港口經營人從事經營活動，必須遵守有關法律、法規，遵守國務院交通主管部門有關港口作業規則的規定，依法履行合同約定的義務，為客戶提供公平、良好的服務。

Article 26 In conducting operational activities, a port operator shall abide by the relevant laws and regulations and the rules governing port operations formulated by the competent department of communications under the State Council, perform in accordance with law the obligations agreed upon in contracts, and provide clients with fair and fine services.

從事港口旅客運輸服務的經營人，應當采取保證旅客安全的有效措施，向旅客提供快捷、便利的服務，保持良好的候船環境。

A port operator engaged in passenger transport shall take effective measures to ensure the passengers' safety, provide them with quick and convenient services and keep a good environment for them when waiting to board a ship.

港口經營人應當依照有關環境保護的法律、法規的規定，采取有效措施，防治對環境的汙染和危害。

A port operator shall, in accordance with the laws and regulations concerning environmental protection, take effective measures to prevent and control pollution and hazards to the environment.

第二十七條   港口經營人應當優先安排搶險物資、救災物資和國防建設急需物資的作業。

Article 27. Port operators shall give priority to tasks relating to emergency and rescue, disaster relief and urgent national defence construction materials and arrangements.

第二十八條   港口經營人應當在其經營場所公布經營服務的收費項目和收費標準；未公布的，不得實施。

Article 28 At his business place, a port operator shall publicize the items of services on which fees are charged and the service rates. Unless publicized, they shall not be put into practice.

港口經營性收費依法實行政府指導價或者政府定價的，港口經營人應當按照規定執行。

Where the rates of port operational fees are guided or fixed by the government in accordance with law, the port operator shall collect fees according to the relevant regulations.

第二十九條   國家鼓勵和保護港口經營活動的公平競爭。

Article 29 The State encourages and protects fair competition in port operational activities.

港口經營人不得實施壟斷行為和不正當競爭行為，不得以任何手段強迫他人接受其提供的港口服務。

A port operator shall not make a monopoly of the operation or conduct illegitimate competition and shall not by any means compel another person to accept the port services he provides.

第三十條   港口行政管理部門依照《中華人民共和國統計法》和有關行政法規的規定要求港口經營人提供的統計資料，港口經營人應當如實提供。

Article 30 Port operators shall provide accurate statistical data to the port administration departments in accordance with provisions of the Statistics Law of the People's Republic of China and relevant administrative regulations.

港口行政管理部門應當按照國家有關規定將港口經營人報送的統計資料及時上報，並為港口經營人保守商業秘密。

The port administrative authorities shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, submit the statistical data provided by port operators to the authorities at a higher level without delay and shall keep the commercial secrets for the port operators.

第三十一條   港口經營人的合法權益受法律保護。任何單位和個人不得向港口經營人攤派或者違法收取費用，不得違法幹預港口經營人的經營自主權。

Article 31 The legitimate rights and interests of the port operators are protected by law. No unit or individual may apportion charges among port operators, collect fees from port operators in violation of laws, or illegally interfere with autonomous management rights of port operators.

第四章 港口安全與監督管理

Chapter 4 Port Safety and Supervision

第三十二條   港口經營人必須依照《中華人民共和國安全生產法》等有關法律、法規和國務院交通主管部門有關港口安全作業規則的規定，加強安全生產管理，建立健全安全生產責任制等規章制度，完善安全生產條件，采取保障安全生產的有效措施，確保安全生產。

Article 32 A port operator shall, in accordance with the provisions in the Law of the People's Republic of China on Work Safety and other relevant laws and regulations and the provisions of the rules formulated by the competent department of communications under the State Council concerning safe operation of ports, tighten supervision over safe production, establish sound rules and regulations on the responsibility system for safe production, keep improving the conditions for safe production, take effective measures for safe production and ensure safe production.

港口經營人應當依法制定本單位的危險貨物事故應急預案、重大生產安全事故的旅客緊急疏散和救援預案以及預防自然災害預案，保障組織實施。

A port operator shall, in accordance with law, make its own contingency plans against accidents due to dangerous cargoes, emergency plans for evacuation and rescue of passengers in a major accident due to lack of safe production and plans against natural disasters, and shall ensure the implementation of the plans.

第三十三條   港口行政管理部門應當依法制定可能危及社會公共利益的港口危險貨物事故應急預案、重大生產安全事故的旅客緊急疏散和救援預案以及預防自然災害預案，建立健全港口重大生產安全事故的應急救援體系。

Article 33 A port administration authority shall formulate port contingency plan against accidents due to dangerous cargoes in port that may jeopardize public interests, emergency plans for evacuation and rescue of passengers in a major accident due to lack of safe production and plans against natural disasters, and shall establish a sound port emergency and rescue system major accidents due to lack of safe production in port.

第三十四條   船舶進出港口，應當依照有關水上交通安全的法律、行政法規的規定向海事管理機構報告。海事管理機構接到報告後，應當及時通報港口行政管理部門。

Article 34 Before a vessel enters or leaves a port, the matter shall be reported to the maritime administration authority in accordance with the provisions in laws and administrative regulations concerning waterway traffic safety. After receiving the report, the maritime administration authority shall, without delay, notify the port administration authority thereof.

船舶載運危險貨物進出港口，應當按照國務院交通主管部門的規定將危險貨物的名稱、特性、包裝和進出港口的時間報告海事管理機構。海事管理機構接到報告後，應當在國務院交通主管部門規定的時間內作出是否同意的決定，通知報告人，並通報港口行政管理部門。但是，定船舶、定航線、定貨種的船舶可以定期報告。

Before a vessel carrying dangerous cargoes enters or leaves a port, the descriptions, characteristics and package of the cargoes and the time of entry or departure shall be reported to the maritime administration authority in accordance with the regulations of the competent department of communications under the State Council. After receiving the report, the maritime administration authority shall make the decision whether to grant approval or not within the time limit specified by the competent department of communications under the State Council and notify the reporter and the port administration authority of the decision. However, fixed vessels navigating along fixed routes and carrying fixed categories of cargoes may report periodically.

第三十五條   在港口內進行危險貨物的裝卸、過駁作業，應當按照國務院交通主管部門的規定將危險貨物的名稱、特性、包裝和作業的時間、地點報告港口行政管理部門。港口行政管理部門接到報告後，應當在國務院交通主管部門規定的時間內作出是否同意的決定，通知報告人，並通報海事管理機構。

Article 35 Before loading, unloading and lightering dangerous cargoes in a port area, the descriptions, characteristics and package of the cargoes and the time and place for the operations shall be reported to the port administration authority in accordance with the regulations of the competent department of communications under the State Council. After receiving the report, the said authority shall make the decision whether to grant approval or not within the time limit specified by the competent department of communications under the State Council and notify the reporter and the maritime administration authority of the decision.

第三十六條   港口行政管理部門應當依法對港口安全生產情況實施監督檢查，對旅客上下集中、貨物裝卸量較大或者有特殊用途的碼頭進行重點巡查；檢查中發現安全隱患的，應當責令被檢查人立即排除或者限期排除。

Article 36 A port administration authority shall, in accordance with law, conduct supervision and inspection of safe production in the port and maintain patrol of key docks where masses of passengers embark and disembark or relatively large quantities of cargoes are loaded and unloaded, or which are used for special purposes. If hidden dangers threatening safety are found during inspection, it shall instruct the party under inspection to eliminate, immediately or within a time limit, such dangers.

負責安全生產監督管理的部門和其他有關部門依照法律、法規的規定，在各自職責範圍內對港口安全生產實施監督檢查。

The department in charge of supervision of safe production and other departments concerned shall, within the limits of their respective duties, conduct supervision and inspection of safe production in the port in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations.

第三十七條   禁止在港口水域內從事養殖、種植活動。

Article 37 Aquaculture and planting in the water area of a port is prohibited.

不得在港口進行可能危及港口安全的采掘、爆破等活動；因工程建設等確需進行的，必須采取相應的安全保護措施，並報經港口行政管理部門批準。港口行政管理部門應當將審批情況及時通報海事管理機構，海事管理機構不再依照有關水上交通安全的法律、行政法規的規定進行審批。

Excavation, demolition and other such activities in a port area that may threaten port safety are prohibited; but where such activities are really needed for construction or other purposes, the necessary protective measures for safety shall be taken and the activities shall be reported to the port administration authority for approval. The port administration department shall promptly report examination and approval information to the maritime administrative authorities, and the maritime administrative authorities are not required to carry out examination and approval pursuant to the provisions of the relevant laws and administrative regulations on water traffic safety.

禁止向港口水域傾倒泥土、砂石以及違反有關環境保護的法律、法規的規定排放超過規定標準的有毒、有害物質。

Dumping of soil and sand and stone into the water area of a port and discharging of noxious and harmful substances in excess of the specified norms in violation of laws and regulations concerning environmental protection are prohibited.

第三十八條   建設橋梁、水底隧道、水電站等可能影響港口水文條件變化的工程項目，負責審批該項目的部門在審批前應當征求港口行政管理部門的意見。

Article 38 With respect to the construction of bridges, submarine tunnels, hydropower stations and other projects that may change the hydrologic conditions of a port, the department responsible for examination and approval of such projects shall consult with the port administration authority beforehand.

第三十九條   依照有關水上交通安全的法律、行政法規的規定，進出港口須經引航的船舶，應當向引航機構申請引航。引航的具體辦法由國務院交通主管部門規定。

Article 39 With respect to vessels which need be piloted into or out of a port in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations concerning waterway traffic safety, an application for pilotage shall be submitted to the pilotage authority. The specific measures for pilotage shall be formulated by the competent department of communications under the State Council.

第四十條   遇有旅客滯留、貨物積壓阻塞港口的情況，港口行政管理部門應當及時采取有效措施，進行疏港；港口所在地的市、縣人民政府認為必要時，可以直接采取措施，進行疏港。

Article 40 In conditions where passengers and cargoes are held up so that the port is blockaded, the port administration authority shall take effective measures in time to regulate the flow of passengers and cargoes; and when it deems it necessary, the people's government of the city or county where the port is located may directly take measures to do so.

第四十一條   港口行政管理部門應當組織制定所管理的港口的章程，並向社會公布。

Article 41 Port administration departments shall organise, formulate and promulgate rules for port administration.

港口章程的內容應當包括對港口的地理位置、航道條件、港池水深、機械設施和裝卸能力等情況的說明，以及本港口貫徹執行有關港口管理的法律、法規和國務院交通主管部門有關規定的具體措施。

The contents of the port charter shall include the descriptions of the port's geographical position, fairway conditions, harbor depth, mechanical equipment, cargo handling capacity, etc., together with the specific measures taken by this port for the implementation of laws and regulations concerning port administration and the relevant regulations of the competent department of communications under the State Council.

第四十二條   港口行政管理部門依據職責對本法執行情況實施監督檢查。

Article 42 The port administration authority shall supervise and inspect the implementation of this Law in compliance with its duties.

港口行政管理部門的監督檢查人員依法實施監督檢查時，有權向被檢查單位和有關人員了解有關情況，並可查閱、複制有關資料。

When exercising supervision and inspection in accordance with law, the supervisors or inspectors from the port administration authority shall have the right to ask the unit under inspection and the individuals concerned for relevant information and to look up and duplicate relevant materials.

監督檢查人員對檢查中知悉的商業秘密，應當保密。

The supervisors and inspectors shall keep confidential the commercial secrets accessed during inspection.

監督檢查人員實施監督檢查時，應當出示執法證件。

The supervisor or inspector shall produce his law-enforcement papers when exercising supervision and inspection.

第四十三條   監督檢查人員應當將監督檢查的時間、地點、內容、發現的問題及處理情況作出書面記錄，並由監督檢查人員和被檢查單位的負責人簽字；被檢查單位的負責人拒絕簽字的，監督檢查人員應當將情況記錄在案，並向港口行政管理部門報告。

Article 43 The supervisor or inspector shall keep a written record of the time, place and items of supervision and inspection, the problems found, and the solutions thereof, and the record shall be signed by the supervisor or inspector and the person in charge of the unit under inspection. Where the person in charge of the unit under inspection refuses to sign, the supervisor or inspector shall put such refusal on record and report it to the port administration authority.

第四十四條   被檢查單位和有關人員應當接受港口行政管理部門依法實施的監督檢查，如實提供有關情況和資料，不得拒絕檢查或者隱匿、謊報有關情況和資料。

Article 44 The unit under inspection and individuals concerned shall accept the supervision and inspection conducted by the port administration authority in accordance with law, truthfully provide the relevant information and materials and shall not refuse to accept inspection, conceal the relevant information and materials, or provide false information and materials.

第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第四十五條   港口經營人、港口理貨業務經營人有本法規定的違法行為的，依照有關法律、行政法規的規定納入信用記錄，並予以公示。

Article 45 Port Operators and port tallymen that commit any of the violations set out in this Law shall be included in the credit records pursuant to the provisions of the relevant laws and administrative regulations and be publicized.

第四十六條   有下列行為之一的，由縣級以上地方人民政府或者港口行政管理部門責令限期改正；逾期不改正的，由作出限期改正決定的機關申請人民法院強制拆除違法建設的設施；可以處五萬元以下罰款：

Article 46 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be instructed by the local people's government at or above the county level or by the port administration authority to rectify within a time limit; if he fails to do so at the expiration of the time limit, the authority that makes the decision for rectification within a time limit shall apply to the people's court for compulsory demolishing of the facilities constructed in violation of law; and a fine of not more than RMB 50,000 yuan may be imposed on him:

(一)違反港口規劃建設港口、碼頭或者其他港口設施的；

1. constructing a port, dock or other port facilities at variance with port plans;

(二)未經依法批準，建設港口設施使用港口岸線的。

(II) constructing port facilities and using port coastlines without obtaining approval in accordance with law.

建設項目的審批部門對違反港口規劃的建設項目予以批準的，對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。

Where the department in charge of examination and approval of construction projects grants approval to the construction of a project at variance with port plans, the persons directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.

第四十七條   在港口建設的危險貨物作業場所、實施衛生除害處理的專用場所與人口密集區或者港口客運設施的距離不符合國務院有關部門的規定的，由港口行政管理部門責令停止建設或者使用，限期改正，可以處五萬元以下罰款。

Article 47 Where the distance between places constructed in a port for handling dangerous cargoes or special places constructed in a port for sanitation and pest elimination and densely-populated districts or the passenger transport facilities in the port is not in compliance with regulations of relevant departments under the State Council, the port administration authority shall order to suspend their construction or use and rectify within a time limit and may impose a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan.

第四十八條   碼頭或者港口裝卸設施、客運設施未經驗收合格，擅自投入使用的，由港口行政管理部門責令停止使用，限期改正，可以處五萬元以下罰款。

Article 48 Whoever puts into use the handling facilities or passenger transport facilities which are not checked and accepted as qualified shall be instructed by the port administration authority to stop their use and to rectify within a time limit and may be imposed a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan.

第四十九條   未依法取得港口經營許可證從事港口經營，或者港口理貨業務經營人兼營貨物裝卸經營業務、倉儲經營業務的，由港口行政管理部門責令停止違法經營，沒收違法所得；違法所得十萬元以上的，並處違法所得二倍以上五倍以下罰款；違法所得不足十萬元的，處五萬元以上二十萬元以下罰款。

Article 49 Whoever engages in port operations without obtaining a permit for port operations in accordance with law or a port tallyman concurrently engages in loading, unloading and storing of cargoes shall be instructed by the port administration authority to stop the illegal operations and his illegal gains shall be confiscated; where the illegal gains exceed 100,000 yuan, he shall, in addition, be fined not less than two times but not more than five times the illegal gains; and where the illegal gains are less than 100,000 yuan, he shall be fined not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.

第五十條   港口經營人不優先安排搶險物資、救災物資、國防建設急需物資的作業的，由港口行政管理部門責令改正；造成嚴重後果的，吊銷港口經營許可證。

Article 50 Where a port operator does not give first priority to the materials for use in emergency, materials for relief of disasters and materials urgently needed for the buildup of national defence, he shall be instructed by the port administration authority to rectify; and if the consequences are serious, his port operation permit shall be revoked by the authority.

第五十一條   港口經營人違反有關法律、行政法規的規定，在經營活動中實施壟斷行為或者不正當競爭行為的，依照有關法律、行政法規的規定承擔法律責任。

Article 51 Where a port operator, in violation of the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations, makes a monopoly of the operation or conduct illegitimate competition, he shall bear legal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

第五十二條   港口經營人違反本法第三十二條關於安全生產的規定的，由港口行政管理部門或者其他依法負有安全生產監督管理職責的部門依法給予處罰；情節嚴重的，由港口行政管理部門吊銷港口經營許可證，並對其主要負責人依法給予處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 52. The port administration department or the relevant work safety department shall impose a fine on port operators which violate the provisions of Article 32 and under serious circumstances, the port administration department shall revoke the port management permit and punish the person-in-charge in accordance with laws. Where the case constitutes a criminal offence, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with laws.

第五十三條   船舶進出港口，未依照本法第三十四條的規定向海事管理機構報告的，由海事管理機構依照有關水上交通安全的法律、行政法規的規定處罰。

Article 53 Where, before entering or leaving a port, a vessel fails to report to the maritime administration authority in accordance with the provisions in Article 34 of this Law, the said authority shall impose a punishment according to the provisions in the laws and administrative regulations concerning waterway traffic safety.

第五十四條   未依法向港口行政管理部門報告並經其同意，在港口內進行危險貨物的裝卸、過駁作業的，由港口行政管理部門責令停止作業，處五千元以上五萬元以下罰款。

Article 54 Whoever fails to report to and obtain approval from the port administration authority in accordance with law before loading, unloading and lightering dangerous cargoes in a port area shall be instructed by the port administration authority to stop the operation and shall be fined not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan.

第五十五條   在港口水域內從事養殖、種植活動的，由海事管理機構責令限期改正；逾期不改正的，強制拆除養殖、種植設施，拆除費用由違法行為人承擔；可以處一萬元以下罰款。

Article 55 Whoever engages in aquiculture or planting in the water area of a port shall be instructed by the maritime administration authority to rectify within a time limit; if he fails to do so at the expiration of the time limit, the cultivation and planting facilities shall be demolished compulsorily, and the expenses thus entailed shall be borne by the law-breaker; and he may be fined not more than 10,000 yuan.

第五十六條   未經依法批準在港口進行可能危及港口安全的采掘、爆破等活動的，向港口水域傾倒泥土、砂石的，由港口行政管理部門責令停止違法行為，限期消除因此造成的安全隱患；逾期不消除的，強制消除，因此發生的費用由違法行為人承擔；處五千元以上五萬元以下罰款；依照有關水上交通安全的法律、行政法規的規定由海事管理機構處罰的，依照其規定；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 56 Whoever, without obtaining approval in accordance with law, engages in excavation, demolition or other activities in a port area that may threaten port safety, or dumps soil or sand and stone into the water area of a port shall be instructed by the port administration authority to stop the illegal acts and eliminate, within a time limit, the hidden dangers that threaten safety; if he fails to eliminate the hidden dangers at the expiration of the time limit, the dangers shall be eliminated compulsorily and the expenses thus entailed shall be borne by the law-breaker; he shall be fined not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan; where, according to the provisions in the laws and administrative regulations concerning waterway traffic safety, punishment shall be imposed by the maritime administration authority, those provisions shall prevail; and if a crime is constituted, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第五十七條   交通主管部門、港口行政管理部門、海事管理機構等不依法履行職責，有下列行為之一的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 57 Where the competent department of communications, the port administration authority or the maritime administration authority fails to perform its duties in accordance with law and commits one of the following acts, the persons directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with law:

（一）違法批準建設港口設施使用港口岸線，或者違法批準船舶載運危險貨物進出港口、違法批準在港口內進行危險貨物的裝卸、過駁作業的；

1. in violation of law, approving the use of port coastlines for the construction of port facilities, or approving the entry or departure of a vessel carrying dangerous cargoes, or approving the loading, unloading or lightering of dangerous cargoes in port;

（二）對不符合法定條件的申請人給予港口經營許可的；

2. Granting permission to conduct port operations to an applicant that does not meet the statutory conditions;

（三）發現取得經營許可的港口經營人不再具備法定許可條件而不及時吊銷許可證的；

(III) failing to revoke the permit obtained by a port operator that no longer satisfies the statutory licensing requirements; or

（四）不依法履行監督檢查職責，對違反港口規劃建設港口、碼頭或者其他港口設施的行為，未經依法許可從事港口經營業務的行為，不遵守安全生產管理規定的行為，危及港口作業安全的行為，以及其他違反本法規定的行為，不依法予以查處的。

(IV) failing to perform the duties of supervision and inspection in accordance with law and failing to investigate and impose punishment on the construction of ports, docks or other port facilities at variance with port plans, on port operations without obtaining permission in accordance with law, on failure to comply with the regulations concerning administration of safe production, on acts threatening the safety of port operations, and on other acts violating the provisions of this Law.

第五十八條   行政機關違法幹預港口經營人的經營自主權的，由其上級行政機關或者監察機關責令改正；向港口經營人攤派財物或者違法收取費用的，責令退回；情節嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分。

Article 58 Where an administrative organ interferes with the right of a port operator to make his own decisions for his operation, it shall be instructed by the administrative organ at the next higher level or a supervisory authority to rectify; where such an organ collects money or things of value from among port operators or collects fees from among them in violation of law, it shall be instructed to return the same; and if the circumstances are serious, the persons directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.

第六章 附 則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第五十九條   對航行國際航線的船舶開放的港口，由有關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府按照國家有關規定商國務院有關部門和有關軍事機關同意後，報國務院批準。

Article 59 To open a port to vessels navigating along international routes, the relevant people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, consult the relevant departments under the State Council and the military authorities concerned and, after obtaining their consent, submit the matter to the State Council for approval.

第六十條   漁業港口的管理工作由縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門負責。具體管理辦法由國務院規定。

Article 60 The competent fishery administration department of the people's government at or above the county level shall be in charge of the administration of fishery ports. The specific administrative measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

前款所稱漁業港口，是指專門為漁業生產服務、供漁業船舶停泊、避風、裝卸漁獲物、補充漁需物資的人工港口或者自然港灣，包括綜合性港口中漁業專用的碼頭、漁業專用的水域和漁船專用的錨地。

As used in the preceding paragraph, fishery ports mean man-made ports or natural harbors, including the special fishing harbors, special water areas for fishery and special anchorages for fishing boats in a multi-purpose port, which are specially in the service of fishery production, for fishing boats to anchor, to take shelter from the winds, to load and unload their catches and to replenish the supply of the necessities for fishing.

第六十一條   軍事港口的建設和管理辦法由國務院、中央軍事委員會規定。

Article 61 The measures for the construction and administration of military ports shall be formulated by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.

第六十二條   本法自2004年1月1日起施行。

Article 62 This Law shall go into effect as of January 1, 2004.