法律文本

中華人民共和國海洋環境保護法（2017修正）

Marine Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (2017 Amendment)

（1982年8月23日第五屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議通過 1999年12月25日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十三次會議修訂 根據2013年12月28日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第六次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國海洋環境保護法〉等七部法律的決定》第一次修正 根據2016年11月7日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國海洋環境保護法〉的決定》第二次修正 根據2017年11月4日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三十次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國會計法〉等十一部法律的決定》第三次修正）

(Adopted at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress on 23 August 1982; revised at the 13th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on 25 December 1999; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Amending Seven Laws including the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 6th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on 28 December 2013; amended for the second time according to the Decision on Amending the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on 7 November 2016; and amended for the third time according to the Decision on Amending Eleven Laws Including the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on 4 November 2017)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了保護和改善海洋環境，保護海洋資源，防治汙染損害，維護生態平衡，保障人體健康，促進經濟和社會的可持續發展，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted to protect and improve the marine environment, conserve marine resources, prevent pollution damages, maintain ecological balance, safeguard human health and promote sustainable economic and social development.

第二條   本法適用於中華人民共和國內水、領海、毗連區、專屬經濟區、大陸架以及中華人民共和國管轄的其他海域。

Article 2 This Law applies to the inland waters, territorial seas, adjacent areas and exclusive economic zones of the People's Republic of China, continental shelf and all other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.

在中華人民共和國管轄海域內從事航行、勘探、開發、生產、旅遊、科學研究及其他活動，或者在沿海陸域內從事影響海洋環境活動的任何單位和個人，都必須遵守本法。

All entities and individuals who engage in navigation, exploration, exploitation, production, tourism, scientific research and other activities in the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China or who engage in activities in coastal land areas that affect the marine environment shall comply with this Law.

在中華人民共和國管轄海域以外，造成中華人民共和國管轄海域汙染的，也適用本法。

This Law shall also apply to the pollution of the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, caused by the sea areas beyond the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.

第三條   國家在重點海洋生態功能區、生態環境敏感區和脆弱區等海域劃定生態保護紅線，實行嚴格保護。

Article 3 The State delineates the ecological protection baseline in sea areas such as key marine ecological function areas, and other sea areas with ecological sensitivity and fragility, so as to implement strict protection.

國家建立並實施重點海域排汙總量控制制度，確定主要汙染物排海總量控制指標，並對主要汙染源分配排放控制數量。具體辦法由國務院制定。

The State will establish and implement a system that controls the total amount of pollutants discharged into the key maritime areas, determine its main objectives for the control of the total amount of pollutants discharged into the sea, and allocate the controlled amount of the pollutants to be discharged to the main sources of pollution. Specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

第四條   一切單位和個人都有保護海洋環境的義務，並有權對汙染損害海洋環境的單位和個人，以及海洋環境監督管理人員的違法失職行為進行監督和檢舉。

Article 4 All entities and individuals have the obligation to protect the marine environment, and have the right to supervise and report entities and individuals who pollute and damage the marine environment and marine environment supervision and administration personnel who violate the law and neglect their duties.

第五條   國務院環境保護行政主管部門作為對全國環境保護工作統一監督管理的部門，對全國海洋環境保護工作實施指導、協調和監督，並負責全國防治陸源汙染物和海岸工程建設項目對海洋汙染損害的環境保護工作。

Article 5 The administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State Council, as the department to exercise unified supervision and control over the nation-wide marine environment protection work, shall guide, co-ordinate and supervise the nation-wide marine environment protection work and be responsible for nation-wide environment protection work to prevent and control marine pollution damages caused by land-based pollutants and coastal construction projects.

國家海洋行政主管部門負責海洋環境的監督管理，組織海洋環境的調查、監測、監視、評價和科學研究，負責全國防治海洋工程建設項目和海洋傾倒廢棄物對海洋汙染損害的環境保護工作。

The state department in charge of marine administration is responsible for the supervision and administration of the marine environment, and shall organise investigations, surveys, surveillance, appraisals and scientific research. The department is also responsible for the national environmental protection work of preventing and treating pollution damage to the marine environment by marine construction projects and the dumping of wastes.

國家海事行政主管部門負責所轄港區水域內非軍事船舶和港區水域外非漁業、非軍事船舶汙染海洋環境的監督管理，並負責汙染事故的調查處理；對在中華人民共和國管轄海域航行、停泊和作業的外國籍船舶造成的汙染事故登輪檢查處理。船舶汙染事故給漁業造成損害的，應當吸收漁業行政主管部門參與調查處理。

The maritime administrative authorities of the State shall be responsible for supervision and administration of marine environment pollution by non-military vessels in harbour waters under their jurisdiction, and non-fishing and non-military vessels outside harbour waters outside their jurisdiction, and be responsible for investigation and handling of pollution accidents; board vessels to investigate and handle pollution accidents caused by foreign vessels which navigate, berth or work in sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China. Where a pollution accident caused by a vessel results in fishery damages, the competent administrative department in charge of fishery shall be invited to participate in investigating and handling the accident.

國家漁業行政主管部門負責漁港水域內非軍事船舶和漁港水域外漁業船舶汙染海洋環境的監督管理，負責保護漁業水域生態環境工作，並調查處理前款規定的汙染事故以外的漁業汙染事故。

The State fishery administrative department shall be responsible for the supervision and control over marine environment pollution caused by non-military vessels inside the fishing port waters and that caused by fishing vessels outside the fishing port waters, be responsible for the protection of ecological environment in the fishing zones, and shall investigate and handle the fishery pollution accidents other than those specified in the preceding paragraph.

軍隊環境保護部門負責軍事船舶汙染海洋環境的監督管理及汙染事故的調查處理。

The environmental protection department of the armed forces is responsible for the supervision and administration of marine environmental pollution caused by military vessels and for the investigation and handling of such pollution accidents.

沿海縣級以上地方人民政府行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門的職責，由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府根據本法及國務院有關規定確定。

The functions and responsibilities of the departments empowered to conduct marine environment supervision and control under the coastal local people's governments at or above the county level shall be determined by the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government in accordance with this Law and the relevant regulations of the State Council.

第六條   環境保護行政主管部門、海洋行政主管部門和其他行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門，根據職責分工依法公開海洋環境相關信息；相關排汙單位應當依法公開排汙信息。

Article 6 The department responsible for administration of environmental protection, the department in charge of marine administration and other departments that exercise the supervision and administration of the marine environment shall, based on the division of duties, disclose the information relating to the marine environment according to law; the relevant pollutant discharge entities shall disclose the pollutant discharge information in accordance with the law.

第二章 海洋環境監督管理

Chapter 2 Supervision and Control over the Marine Environment

第七條   國家海洋行政主管部門會同國務院有關部門和沿海省、自治區、直轄市人民政府根據全國海洋主體功能區規劃，擬定全國海洋功能區劃，報國務院批準。

Article 7 The State oceanic administrative department shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council and the people's governments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, work out a national marine functional zonation scheme and submit it to the State Council for approval.

沿海地方各級人民政府應當根據全國和地方海洋功能區劃，保護和科學合理地使用海域。

People's governments in coastal areas at every level should protect sea areas and use them scientifically and rationally in accordance with national and local marine function zones.

第八條   國家根據海洋功能區劃制定全國海洋環境保護規劃和重點海域區域性海洋環境保護規劃。

Article 8 The State shall draw up, in accordance with the marine functional zonation scheme, national marine environment protection plan and regional marine environment protection plans in key sea areas.

毗鄰重點海域的有關沿海省、自治區、直轄市人民政府及行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門，可以建立海洋環境保護區域合作組織，負責實施重點海域區域性海洋環境保護規劃、海洋環境汙染的防治和海洋生態保護工作。

People's governments of coastal provinces, autonomous regions and centrally administered municipalities adjacent to key sea areas, as well as the authorities performing marine environment supervision and administration duties, may establish regional cooperative organisations which take charge of implementation of the regional environmental protection plan for key sea areas, prevention and treatment of marine environment pollution and marine ecological protection.

第九條   跨區域的海洋環境保護工作，由有關沿海地方人民政府協商解決，或者由上級人民政府協調解決。

Article 9 Trans-regional marine environment protection problems shall be solved through consultations by the relevant coastal local people's governments or be solved through coordination by the people's government at the higher level.

跨部門的重大海洋環境保護工作，由國務院環境保護行政主管部門協調；協調未能解決的，由國務院作出決定。

Major trans-department marine environment protection work shall be coordinated by the administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State Council. The problems that fail to be settled through coordination shall be submitted to the State Council for decision.

第十條   國家根據海洋環境質量狀況和國家經濟、技術條件，制定國家海洋環境質量標準。

Article 10 The State shall work out the national marine environment quality standards in accordance with the marine environment quality conditions and the economic and technological level of the country.

沿海省、自治區、直轄市人民政府對國家海洋環境質量標準中未作規定的項目，可以制定地方海洋環境質量標準。

The People's Governments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions and centrally-administered municipalities may formulate local marine environment quality standards for projects not specified in the national marine environment quality standards.

沿海地方各級人民政府根據國家和地方海洋環境質量標準的規定和本行政區近岸海域環境質量狀況，確定海洋環境保護的目標和任務，並納入人民政府工作計劃，按相應的海洋環境質量標準實施管理。

People's governments at all levels in coastal areas shall, in accordance with the provisions of state and local marine environment quality standards and the environment quality situation of the coastal area under its administration, determine objectives and tasks for the protection of the marine environment, incorporate them into the work plan of the people's government, and carry out their administration in accordance with the corresponding marine environment quality standards.

第十一條   國家和地方水汙染物排放標準的制定，應當將國家和地方海洋環境質量標準作為重要依據之一。在國家建立並實施排汙總量控制制度的重點海域，水汙染物排放標準的制定，還應當將主要汙染物排海總量控制指標作為重要依據。

Article 11 In working out the national and local water pollutant discharge standards, the national and local marine environment quality standards shall be taken as one important basis. In the key sea areas where the State has established and put into practice the system to control the total sea-disposed pollution discharge, the standards for controlling the total sea-disposed main pollutants discharge shall also be taken as an important basis in determining the water pollutant discharge standards.

排汙單位在執行國家和地方水汙染物排放標準的同時，應當遵守分解落實到本單位的主要汙染物排海總量控制指標。

A pollutant discharge unit shall satisfy the national and local water pollutant discharge standards, and abide by the control index for the total sea-disposed main pollutant discharge assigned for the implementation by each unit.

對超過主要汙染物排海總量控制指標的重點海域和未完成海洋環境保護目標、任務的海域，省級以上人民政府環境保護行政主管部門、海洋行政主管部門，根據職責分工暫停審批新增相應種類汙染物排放總量的建設項目環境影響報告書（表）。

For key sea areas to which the total quantity of major pollutants discharged is higher than the specified indicators, or the sea areas failing to meet the objectives and targets for marine environmental protection, the administrative department in charge of environmental protection and the oceanic administrative department at or above the provincial level shall temporarily suspend the examination and approval of the environmental impact assessment reports (statements) for the construction projects that will increase the total amount of discharge of pollutants in accordance with the division of duties.

第十二條   直接向海洋排放汙染物的單位和個人，必須按照國家規定繳納排汙費。依照法律規定繳納環境保護稅的，不再繳納排汙費。

Article 12 All units and individuals discharging directly pollutants into the sea must pay pollutant discharge fees in accordance with the State regulations. Where environmental protection tax has been paid in accordance with the law, there is no need to pay the pollutant discharge fee.

向海洋傾倒廢棄物，必須按照國家規定繳納傾倒費。

Those dumping wastes in the sea must pay dumping fees in accordance with the State regulations.

根據本法規定征收的排汙費、傾倒費，必須用於海洋環境汙染的整治，不得挪作他用。具體辦法由國務院規定。

Pollutant discharge fees and dumping fees levied in accordance with the provisions of this Law must be used for the prevention and control of marine environment pollution and may not be used for any other purposes. The specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

第十三條   國家加強防治海洋環境汙染損害的科學技術的研究和開發，對嚴重汙染海洋環境的落後生產工藝和落後設備，實行淘汰制度。

Article 13 The State shall strengthen the research and development of science and technology for the prevention and treatment of pollution damage to the marine environment. With respect to obsolete production technology and equipment that seriously pollute the marine environment, the State shall implement a system for the elimination of such technology and equipment.

企業應當優先使用清潔能源，采用資源利用率高、汙染物排放量少的清潔生產工藝，防止對海洋環境的汙染。

Enterprises shall give priority to the use of clean energy resources, adopt clean production technology with high resource utilisation ratio and low pollutant discharge, and prevent pollution to marine environment.

第十四條   國家海洋行政主管部門按照國家環境監測、監視規範和標準，管理全國海洋環境的調查、監測、監視，制定具體的實施辦法，會同有關部門組織全國海洋環境監測、監視網絡，定期評價海洋環境質量，發布海洋巡航監視通報。

Article 14. The state administrative department for marine affairs shall formulate specific implementing measures for the administration of investigations, surveys and surveillance of the marine environment throughout the whole country in accordance with state environment survey and surveillance regulations and standards. The department shall, in conjunction with other relevant departments, organise a national marine environment survey and surveillance network, appraise the quality of the marine environment at regular intervals, and publish marine cruise surveillance reports.

依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門分別負責各自所轄水域的監測、監視。

Departments empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control shall be responsible for the monitoring and supervision of the water areas under their respective jurisdiction.

其他有關部門根據全國海洋環境監測網的分工，分別負責對入海河口、主要排汙口的監測。

Other relevant departments shall be respectively responsible for the estuaries and major pollutant discharge outlets subject to the division of work under the national marine environment monitoring network.

第十五條   國務院有關部門應當向國務院環境保護行政主管部門提供編制全國環境質量公報所必需的海洋環境監測資料。

Article 15 Relevant departments of the State Council shall provide the administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State Council with necessary marine environment monitoring data for the compilation of national environment quality bulletins.

環境保護行政主管部門應當向有關部門提供與海洋環境監督管理有關的資料。

The competent administrative department in charge of environment protection shall provide relevant departments with data relating to marine environment supervision and administration.

第十六條   國家海洋行政主管部門按照國家制定的環境監測、監視信息管理制度，負責管理海洋綜合信息系統，為海洋環境保護監督管理提供服務。

Article 16 The state department in charge of marine administration is responsible for the administration of a comprehensive marine information system and for providing a service for the supervision and administration of marine environmental protection in accordance with the information administration system formulated by the State for environmental surveying and surveillance.

第十七條   因發生事故或者其他突發性事件，造成或者可能造成海洋環境汙染事故的單位和個人，必須立即采取有效措施，及時向可能受到危害者通報，並向依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門報告，接受調查處理。

Article 17 Organisations and individuals that cause or may cause an accident leading to marine environment pollution as a result of an incident or unexpected occurrence shall forthwith adopt effective measures, promptly notify possible victims, report to the authorities performing marine environment supervision and administration duties pursuant to the provisions of this Law, and accept investigation and handling.

沿海縣級以上地方人民政府在本行政區域近岸海域的環境受到嚴重汙染時，必須采取有效措施，解除或者減輕危害。

The coastal local people's governments at or above the county level must, when inshore waters are seriously polluted, take effective measures to eliminate or alleviate the damage.

第十八條   國家根據防止海洋環境汙染的需要，制定國家重大海上汙染事故應急計劃。

Article 18 The State shall, on the basis of the need for the prevention of marine environment pollution, formulate a state emergency plan for major marine pollution accidents.

國家海洋行政主管部門負責制定全國海洋石油勘探開發重大海上溢油應急計劃，報國務院環境保護行政主管部門備案。

The state administrative department for marine affairs is responsible for the formulation of a national emergency plan for major marine oil-spills occurring in the course of oil exploration or exploitation, and shall submit such plan to the administrative department for environmental protection under the State Council for filing.

國家海事行政主管部門負責制定全國船舶重大海上溢油汙染事故應急計劃，報國務院環境保護行政主管部門備案。

The maritime administrative authorities of the State shall be responsible for formulation of a national emergency plan for major marine oil-spill accidents caused by vessels, and file the plan with the environmental protection administrative authority of the State Council for record.

沿海可能發生重大海洋環境汙染事故的單位，應當依照國家的規定，制定汙染事故應急計劃，並向當地環境保護行政主管部門、海洋行政主管部門備案。

All entities in coastal areas which have the capacity to cause major marine environment pollution accidents should formulate a pollution accident emergency plan in accordance with state regulations, and should submit the plan to the local administrative department for environmental protection and the local administrative department of marine affairs for filing.

沿海縣級以上地方人民政府及其有關部門在發生重大海上汙染事故時，必須按照應急計劃解除或者減輕危害。

When a major marine pollution accident occurs, the coastal people's governments at county level or above and other relevant departments must eliminate or alleviate the damage in accordance with emergency plans.

第十九條   依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門可以在海上實行聯合執法，在巡航監視中發現海上汙染事故或者違反本法規定的行為時，應當予以制止並調查取證，必要時有權采取有效措施，防止汙染事態的擴大，並報告有關主管部門處理。

Article 19 Departments which exercise the power of supervision and administration of the marine environment in accordance with the provisions of this Law may conduct joint law enforcement on the sea. Where pollution accidents or activities that violate the provisions of this Law are discovered in the course of cruise surveillance, they must be curbed. An investigation must be conducted and evidence must be obtained. The department has the power to adopt effective measures when necessary to prevent exacerbation of the situation, and shall report to the relevant department to handle the matter.

依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門，有權對管轄範圍內排放汙染物的單位和個人進行現場檢查。被檢查者應當如實反映情況，提供必要的資料。

Departments empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control have the right to conduct on-the-spot inspections of the units and individuals discharging pollutants within the sphere of their jurisdiction. The inspected organisation or individual shall provide information truthfully, and provide the requisite materials.

檢查機關應當為被檢查者保守技術秘密和業務秘密。

Inspection departments should keep the technical and business secrets of the units or individuals inspected.

第三章 海洋生態保護

Chapter III Marine Ecology Protection

第二十條   國務院和沿海地方各級人民政府應當采取有效措施，保護紅樹林、珊瑚礁、濱海濕地、海島、海灣、入海河口、重要漁業水域等具有典型性、代表性的海洋生態系統，珍稀、瀕危海洋生物的天然集中分布區，具有重要經濟價值的海洋生物生存區域及有重大科學文化價值的海洋自然曆史遺跡和自然景觀。

Article 20 The State Council and the coastal local people's governments shall adopt effective measures to protect typical and representative ecological systems such as mangroves, coral reefs, coastal wet lands, islands, bays, estuaries and important fishery waters, naturally formed zones of concentration of rare and endangered marine species, habitats of important marine species with economic value, and areas of natural historical remains and natural scenery that have great scientific and cultural value.

對具有重要經濟、社會價值的已遭到破壞的海洋生態，應當進行整治和恢複。

The marine ecology of areas with important economic and social values which have already been damaged should be rehabilitated and restored.

第二十一條   國務院有關部門和沿海省級人民政府應當根據保護海洋生態的需要，選劃、建立海洋自然保護區。

Article 21 Relevant departments of the State Council and coastal people's governments at provincial level shall, for the purpose of protecting the marine ecology, select, plan and establish marine sanctuaries.

國家級海洋自然保護區的建立，須經國務院批準。

The establishment of national marine sanctuaries shall be subject to the State Council for approval.

第二十二條   凡具有下列條件之一的，應當建立海洋自然保護區：

Article 22 A marine nature reserve shall be established where one of the following situations exists:

（一）典型的海洋自然地理區域、有代表性的自然生態區域，以及遭受破壞但經保護能恢複的海洋自然生態區域；

1. Typical marine physical geographical areas, representative natural ecological areas, and areas in which marine natural ecology have been damaged to some extent, but may be recovered through efforts of protection;

（二）海洋生物物種高度豐富的區域，或者珍稀、瀕危海洋生物物種的天然集中分布區域；

2. being an area with higher marine biodiversity, or an area where rare and endangered marine species are naturally and densely distributed;

（三）具有特殊保護價值的海域、海岸、島嶼、濱海濕地、入海河口和海灣等；

(III) Sea areas, coasts, islands, coastal wetlands, estuaries, bays and the like with special protection values;

（四）具有重大科學文化價值的海洋自然遺跡所在區域；

(IV) Areas where marine natural remains of great scientific and cultural value are located; and

（五）其他需要予以特殊保護的區域。

(V) Other areas that need special protection.

第二十三條   凡具有特殊地理條件、生態系統、生物與非生物資源及海洋開發利用特殊需要的區域，可以建立海洋特別保護區，采取有效的保護措施和科學的開發方式進行特殊管理。

Article 23 All areas which have special geographical conditions, ecological systems, biological species and non-biological resources, and areas which have special value for marine exploitation may establish special marine sanctuaries, and carry out special administration in order to adopt effective protective measures and scientific exploitation methods.

第二十四條   國家建立健全海洋生態保護補償制度。

Article 24 The State shall establish and improve upon a marine ecological protection and compensation system.

開發利用海洋資源，應當根據海洋功能區劃合理布局，嚴格遵守生態保護紅線，不得造成海洋生態環境破壞。

The development and exploitation of marine resources shall be subject to the reasonable layout of the marine functional zoning plan and in strict conformity with the ecological protection baseline, and shall not cause damage to the marine ecological environment.

第二十五條   引進海洋動植物物種，應當進行科學論證，避免對海洋生態系統造成危害。

Article 25 Where species of marine plants or animals are introduced, a scientific study must be carried out in order to avoid any damage to the marine ecological system.

第二十六條   開發海島及周圍海域的資源，應當采取嚴格的生態保護措施，不得造成海島地形、岸灘、植被以及海島周圍海域生態環境的破壞。

Article 26. Where resources are exploited on islands or in surrounding sea areas, strict ecological protective measures shall be adopted, and damage must not be caused to island topography, shorelines or vegetation and the ecology and environment of the island and surrounding sea areas.

第二十七條   沿海地方各級人民政府應當結合當地自然環境的特點，建設海岸防護設施、沿海防護林、沿海城鎮園林和綠地，對海岸侵蝕和海水入侵地區進行綜合治理。

Article 27 All levels of People's Governments at coastal areas shall take into account the characteristics of the local natural environment, establish coastal protective facilities, coastal protective forests, parks and gardens in coastal cities and towns, and carry out comprehensive control measures against coastal erosion and the intrusion of sea water onto land.

禁止毀壞海岸防護設施、沿海防護林、沿海城鎮園林和綠地。

Destruction of coastal protective facilities, coastal protective forests or parks and gardens in coastal cities and towns is prohibited.

第二十八條   國家鼓勵發展生態漁業建設，推廣多種生態漁業生產方式，改善海洋生態狀況。

Article 28 The State encourages the development of an ecological fishing industry, the promotion of a variety of production methods for ecological fishing, and the improvement of the state of marine ecology.

新建、改建、擴建海水養殖場，應當進行環境影響評價。

Environmental impact assessment shall be conducted while establishing a new marine culture, renovating or extending an existing marine culture.

海水養殖應當科學確定養殖密度，並應當合理投餌、施肥，正確使用藥物，防止造成海洋環境的汙染。

In marine culture, breeding density shall be scientifically determined, bait and manure be rationally spread, medicines be correctly used, and pollution to the marine environment be prevented.

第四章 防治陸源汙染物對海洋環境的汙染損害

Chapter 4 Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment by Land-Based Pollutants

第二十九條   向海域排放陸源汙染物，必須嚴格執行國家或者地方規定的標準和有關規定。

Article 29 The discharge of land-based pollutants into the sea must be conducted in strict compliance with the standards and relevant regulations formulated by the State and local authorities.

第三十條   入海排汙口位置的選擇，應當根據海洋功能區劃、海水動力條件和有關規定，經科學論證後，報設區的市級以上人民政府環境保護行政主管部門備案。

Article 30 Any sea-disposed pollutant discharging outlet shall be sited in accordance with marine functional zonation scheme, marine dynamic conditions and relevant regulations, and shall, after scientific assessment, be submitted for record-filing to an administrative department in charge of environment protection under a people's government at or above the level of a city divided into districts.

環境保護行政主管部門應當在完成備案後十五個工作日內將入海排汙口設置情況通報海洋、海事、漁業行政主管部門和軍隊環境保護部門。

The administrative department in charge of environment protection shall, within 15 working days after the record-filing has been done, inform the oceanic department, administrative departments respectively in charge of maritime affairs and fishery, as well as the environment protection department of the armed forces of information about where sea-disposed pollutant discharging outlets are sited.

在海洋自然保護區、重要漁業水域、海濱風景名勝區和其他需要特別保護的區域，不得新建排汙口。

New discharge outlets shall not be built in marine sanctuaries, important fishery areas, coastal scenic spots and other areas which require special protection.

在有條件的地區，應當將排汙口深海設置，實行離岸排放。設置陸源汙染物深海離岸排放排汙口，應當根據海洋功能區劃、海水動力條件和海底工程設施的有關情況確定，具體辦法由國務院規定。

Where conditions permit, a pollutant discharge outlet should be installed in deep ocean and away from the coast. The installation of outlets for the discharge of land-based pollutants in deep ocean away from the coast should be determined in accordance with the marine function zones, dynamic sea-water conditions and available sea-floor engineering equipment. Specific measures shall be stipulated by the State Council.

第三十一條   省、自治區、直轄市人民政府環境保護行政主管部門和水行政主管部門應當按照水汙染防治有關法律的規定，加強入海河流管理，防治汙染，使入海河口的水質處於良好狀態。

Article 31. Administrative departments responsible for environmental protection and for water management under people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and centrally administered municipalities and administrative departments responsible for water management shall, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations for the prevention of water pollution, strengthen the management of rivers that flow into the sea, prevent pollution and ensure the good water quality of estuaries.

第三十二條   排放陸源汙染物的單位，必須向環境保護行政主管部門申報擁有的陸源汙染物排放設施、處理設施和在正常作業條件下排放陸源汙染物的種類、數量和濃度，並提供防治海洋環境汙染方面的有關技術和資料。

Article 32. A unit which discharges land-based pollutants must report to the administrative department for environmental protection regarding the facilities used for discharging and treating the land-based pollutants, and the types, amount and density of the land-based pollutants discharged under normal operational conditions. The unit must also supply the relevant technology and information for the prevention of marine environment pollution.

排放陸源汙染物的種類、數量和濃度有重大改變的，必須及時申報。

Units shall report in time on any substantial change in the categories, quantities or concentrations of the discharged land-based pollutants.

第三十三條   禁止向海域排放油類、酸液、堿液、劇毒廢液和高、中水平放射性廢水。

Article 33 It is prohibited to discharge oils, acids, alkalis, toxins and high or medium level radioactive wastes into the sea.

嚴格限制向海域排放低水平放射性廢水；確需排放的，必須嚴格執行國家輻射防護規定。

The discharge of waste water containing with low radioactivity into the sea shall be strictly controlled; in case of a necessity to discharge, it shall be conducted in strict compliance with the State regulations concerning radiation prevention.

嚴格控制向海域排放含有不易降解的有機物和重金屬的廢水。

The discharge of waste water containing organic matter and heavy metals which are difficult to degrade into the sea shall be strictly controlled.

第三十四條   含病原體的醫療汙水、生活汙水和工業廢水必須經過處理，符合國家有關排放標準後，方能排入海域。

Article 34 No medical sewage containing pathogens, domestic sewage and industrial waste water may be discharged into sea areas before properly treated in keeping with relevant discharge standards of the State.

第三十五條   含有機物和營養物質的工業廢水、生活汙水，應當嚴格控制向海灣、半封閉海及其他自淨能力較差的海域排放。

Article 35 The discharge of industrial waste water and domestic sewage containing organic and nutrient matters into bays, semi-closed seas and other sea areas with low capacities of self-purification shall be strictly controlled.

第三十六條   向海域排放含熱廢水，必須采取有效措施，保證鄰近漁業水域的水溫符合國家海洋環境質量標準，避免熱汙染對水產資源的危害。

Article 36 When discharging heated waste water into the sea, effective measures must be taken to ensure that the water temperature in the adjacent fishing areas meets the state quality standards for marine environment so as to avoid damage to aquatic resources by heat pollution.

第三十七條   沿海農田、林場施用化學農藥，必須執行國家農藥安全使用的規定和標準。

Article 37 The use of chemical pesticides in coastal farmlands and tree farms must conform to the state provisions and standards for the safe use of pesticides.

沿海農田、林場應當合理使用化肥和植物生長調節劑。

Coastal farmlands and forest farms shall use chemical fertilizers and plant growth regulators in a rational way.

第三十八條   在岸灘棄置、堆放和處理尾礦、礦渣、煤灰渣、垃圾和其他固體廢物的，依照《中華人民共和國固體廢物汙染環境防治法》的有關規定執行。

Article 38 Where tailings, slag, cinders, garbage and other solid wastes are discarded, piled up and handled along shorelines, relevant provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution Caused by Solid Waste shall be implemented.

第三十九條   禁止經中華人民共和國內水、領海轉移危險廢物。

Article 39 It is prohibited to transfer dangerous wastes through the inland waters or territorial seas of the People's Republic of China.

經中華人民共和國管轄的其他海域轉移危險廢物的，必須事先取得國務院環境保護行政主管部門的書面同意。

Where dangerous waste is transferred through other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, written permission must be obtained in advance from the administrative department for environmental protection under the State Council.

第四十條   沿海城市人民政府應當建設和完善城市排水管網，有計劃地建設城市汙水處理廠或者其他汙水集中處理設施，加強城市汙水的綜合整治。

Article 40. Coastal municipal people's governments shall establish or improve the pipe network for the discharge of urban water, establish in a planned way urban sewage treatment plants or other facilities for the collection of sewage, and strengthen their capacity to manage and handle urban sewage comprehensively.

建設汙水海洋處置工程，必須符合國家有關規定。

Construction of projects for treatment of sewage in the seas shall comply with the relevant provisions of the State.

第四十一條   國家采取必要措施，防止、減少和控制來自大氣層或者通過大氣層造成的海洋環境汙染損害。

Article 41 The State shall adopt necessary measures to prevent, reduce and control pollution damage to the marine environment caused by and through the atmosphere.

第五章 防治海岸工程建設項目對海洋環境的汙染損害

Chapter 5 Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment by Coastal Construction Projects

第四十二條   新建、改建、擴建海岸工程建設項目，必須遵守國家有關建設項目環境保護管理的規定，並把防治汙染所需資金納入建設項目投資計劃。

Article 42 New coastal construction projects, extensions or reconstruction projects must be conducted in compliance with relevant State regulations governing environment protection in construction projects and shall channel the capital needed for the prevention and control of pollution into construction project investment plan.

在依法劃定的海洋自然保護區、海濱風景名勝區、重要漁業水域及其他需要特別保護的區域，不得從事汙染環境、破壞景觀的海岸工程項目建設或者其他活動。

Coastal construction projects and other activities which cause environmental pollution or damage to the landscape shall not be carried out in marine sanctuaries, scenic seashore areas, important fishery areas and other areas in need of special protection that are delimited according to law.

第四十三條   海岸工程建設項目單位，必須對海洋環境進行科學調查，根據自然條件和社會條件，合理選址，編制環境影響報告書（表）。在建設項目開工前，將環境影響報告書（表）報環境保護行政主管部門審查批準。

Article 43 Any unit intending to construct a coastal construction project must conduct a scientific survey of the marine environment, select a suitable site in light of natural and social conditions and formulate an environmental impact report (statement). Prior to commencement of construction, the environmental impact report (statement) shall be submitted to the environmental protection administrative authorities for examination and approval.

環境保護行政主管部門在批準環境影響報告書（表）之前，必須征求海洋、海事、漁業行政主管部門和軍隊環境保護部門的意見。

The administrative department for environmental protection must, prior to approving the environmental impact report (statement), seek opinions from the administrative departments for ocean, maritime affairs and fisheries, and the environmental protection department of the armed forces.

第四十四條   海岸工程建設項目的環境保護設施，必須與主體工程同時設計、同時施工、同時投產使用。環境保護設施應當符合經批準的環境影響評價報告書（表）的要求。

Article 44 The environmental protection facilities for a coastal construction project must be designed, built and put into use simultaneously with the construction project itself. The environmental protection facilities shall meet the requirements of the approved environmental impact report (statement).

第四十五條   禁止在沿海陸域內新建不具備有效治理措施的化學制漿造紙、化工、印染、制革、電鍍、釀造、煉油、岸邊沖灘拆船以及其他嚴重汙染海洋環境的工業生產項目。

Article 45 It is prohibited to build new industrial production projects of the following kinds in coastal land areas without effective control measures: paper production using chemical paper pulp, chemical engineering, print and dye textiles, leather production, galvanizing, brewing, oil refining, demolition of vessels on the seashore and other projects that seriously pollute the marine environment.

第四十六條   興建海岸工程建設項目，必須采取有效措施，保護國家和地方重點保護的野生動植物及其生存環境和海洋水產資源。

Article 46 Effective measures must be adopted in the building of coastal construction projects in order to protect wild animals and plants and their living environment, and marine and aquatic resources that are the key objects of state and local protection.

嚴格限制在海岸采挖砂石。露天開采海濱砂礦和從岸上打井開采海底礦產資源，必須采取有效措施，防止汙染海洋環境。

Sand and gravel mining along the coast is strictly restricted. In conducting coastal open air placer mining or shore-based well drilling to exploit seabed mineral resources, effective measures must be taken to prevent pollution to the marine environment.

第六章 防治海洋工程建設項目對海洋環境的汙染損害

Chapter 6 Prevention and Treatment of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment by Marine Construction Projects

第四十七條   海洋工程建設項目必須符合全國海洋主體功能區規劃、海洋功能區劃、海洋環境保護規劃和國家有關環境保護標準。海洋工程建設項目單位應當對海洋環境進行科學調查，編制海洋環境影響報告書（表），並在建設項目開工前，報海洋行政主管部門審查批準。

Article 47 Marine construction projects shall be in conformity with the national major marine functional zoning plan, the marine functional zoning plan, the marine environmental protection plan and the relevant environmental protection standards of the State. An entity carrying out a marine construction project must conduct scientific investigations of the marine environment, and prepare a marine environmental impact report (statement), which shall be submitted to the department in charge of marine administration for examination and approval prior to the commencement of the construction project.

海洋行政主管部門在批準海洋環境影響報告書（表）之前，必須征求海事、漁業行政主管部門和軍隊環境保護部門的意見。

Before the department in charge of marine administration approves the marine environmental impact report (statement), opinions must be sought from the administrative departments for maritime affairs and for fisheries, and the environmental protection department of the armed forces.

第四十八條   海洋工程建設項目的環境保護設施，必須與主體工程同時設計、同時施工、同時投產使用。環境保護設施未經海洋行政主管部門驗收，或者經驗收不合格的，建設項目不得投入生產或者使用。

Article 48 The environmental protection facilities for a marine construction project must be designed, built and put into use simultaneously with the construction project itself. Where environmental protection facilities have not been tested and accepted by the department in charge of marine administration or the facilities are not up to standard, the construction project must not be implemented or put into operation.

拆除或者閑置環境保護設施，必須事先征得海洋行政主管部門的同意。

Prior consent must be obtained from the interested oceanic administrative department if the environment protection installations are to be dismantled or laid idle.

第四十九條   海洋工程建設項目，不得使用含超標準放射性物質或者易溶出有毒有害物質的材料。

Article 49 Marine construction projects must not use radioactive materials that exceed standards or materials containing easily dissolved toxins and harmful substances.

第五十條   海洋工程建設項目需要爆破作業時，必須采取有效措施，保護海洋資源。

Article 50 Where a marine construction project needs explosives operation, effective measures must be adopted to protect marine resources.

海洋石油勘探開發及輸油過程中，必須采取有效措施，避免溢油事故的發生。

Effective measures must be taken to avoid oil spill in the process of offshore oil exploration, exploitation and transportation.

第五十一條   海洋石油鑽井船、鑽井平臺和采油平臺的含油汙水和油性混合物，必須經過處理達標後排放；殘油、廢油必須予以回收，不得排放入海。經回收處理後排放的，其含油量不得超過國家規定的標準。

Article 51 Oily waste water and mixtures from both mobile and fixed platforms for offshore oil exploration and exploitation must be treated according to the proper standard before discharge; oil residues and wastes must be recovered and are forbidden to be discharged into the sea. When they are discharged after treatment, the oil content of the discharged may not exceed the standards set by the State.

鑽井所使用的油基泥漿和其他有毒複合泥漿不得排放入海。水基泥漿和無毒複合泥漿及鑽屑的排放，必須符合國家有關規定。

Oil-based mud and toxic compound mud used in drilling must not be discharged into the sea. Discharge of water-based slurries, non-toxic composite slurries and drilling scraps shall comply with the relevant provisions of the State.

第五十二條   海洋石油鑽井船、鑽井平臺和采油平臺及其有關海上設施，不得向海域處置含油的工業垃圾。處置其他工業垃圾，不得造成海洋環境汙染。

Article 52 It is prohibited to dispose of oily industrial wastes into the sea from either mobile or fixed platforms for offshore oil exploration and exploitation, or related marine facilities. The disposal of other industrial wastes must not cause pollution to the marine environment.

第五十三條   海上試油時，應當確保油氣充分燃燒，油和油性混合物不得排放入海。

Article 53 When conducting offshore-well testing, gas should be thoroughly burned. Oil and oily mixtures must not be discharged into the sea.

第五十四條   勘探開發海洋石油，必須按有關規定編制溢油應急計劃，報國家海洋行政主管部門的海區派出機構備案。

Article 54 In exploring and exploiting offshore oil resources, an emergency plan for oil spills shall be worked out in accordance with relevant regulations and filed for record with the local office of the state administrative department for marine affairs.

第七章 防治傾倒廢棄物對海洋環境的汙染損害

Chapter 7 Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment by Dumping of Wastes

第五十五條   任何單位未經國家海洋行政主管部門批準，不得向中華人民共和國管轄海域傾倒任何廢棄物。

Article 55 No unit may dump any kind of waste into the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China without the permission of the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs.

需要傾倒廢棄物的單位，必須向國家海洋行政主管部門提出書面申請，經國家海洋行政主管部門審查批準，發給許可證後，方可傾倒。

Units that need to dump wastes in the sea must submit a written application to the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs and only after a permit has been granted by the department can the dumping be carried out.

禁止中華人民共和國境外的廢棄物在中華人民共和國管轄海域傾倒。

Dumping of waste from outside the territory of the People's Republic of China into the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China is prohibited.

第五十六條   國家海洋行政主管部門根據廢棄物的毒性、有毒物質含量和對海洋環境影響程度，制定海洋傾倒廢棄物評價程序和標準。

Article 56 The responsible state administrative department of marine affairs shall formulate an appraisal procedure and standards for the dumping of waste in marine areas in the light of the toxicity and the amount of harmful substances contained in the waste, and the extent of the impact on the marine environment.

向海洋傾倒廢棄物，應當按照廢棄物的類別和數量實行分級管理。

Dumping wastes into the sea shall follow a graded management based on the categories and quantities of the wastes.

可以向海洋傾倒的廢棄物名錄，由國家海洋行政主管部門擬定，經國務院環境保護行政主管部門提出審核意見後，報國務院批準。

A list of wastes that may be dumped into the sea shall be drawn up by the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs. The list shall be reported to the State Council for approval after an evaluation has been made by the administrative department responsible for environmental protection under the State Council.

第五十七條   國家海洋行政主管部門按照科學、合理、經濟、安全的原則選劃海洋傾倒區，經國務院環境保護行政主管部門提出審核意見後，報國務院批準。

Article 57. The responsible state administrative department of marine affairs shall select marine dumping zones according to scientific, rational, economic and safety principles. The selection shall be reported to the State Council for approval after an evaluation has been made by the administrative department responsible for environmental protection under the State Council.

臨時性海洋傾倒區由國家海洋行政主管部門批準，並報國務院環境保護行政主管部門備案。

Temporary marine dumping zones shall be approved by the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs and reported to the administrative department responsible for environmental protection under the State Council.

國家海洋行政主管部門在選劃海洋傾倒區和批準臨時性海洋傾倒區之前，必須征求國家海事、漁業行政主管部門的意見。

Before selecting marine dumping zones and approving temporary marine dumping zones, the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs must seek opinions from the responsible state administrative departments for maritime affairs and for fisheries.

第五十八條   國家海洋行政主管部門監督管理傾倒區的使用，組織傾倒區的環境監測。對經確認不宜繼續使用的傾倒區，國家海洋行政主管部門應當予以封閉，終止在該傾倒區的一切傾倒活動，並報國務院備案。

Article 58. The responsible state administrative department for marine affairs shall supervise and administer the use of dumping zones and organise environmental surveys of dumping zones. Where a dumping site is no, longer suitable to be used, the State oceanic administrative department shall close it down upon confirmation, terminate all dumping activities conducted there and report thereon to the State Council for the record.

第五十九條   獲準傾倒廢棄物的單位，必須按照許可證注明的期限及條件，到指定的區域進行傾倒。廢棄物裝載之後，批準部門應當予以核實。

Article 59. Units that have obtained permits for dumping must have it done at the designated place, within the time limit and in accordance with the conditions specified in the permit. Upon loading of the waste, the approving authorities shall conduct verification.

第六十條   獲準傾倒廢棄物的單位，應當詳細記錄傾倒的情況，並在傾倒後向批準部門作出書面報告。傾倒廢棄物的船舶必須向駛出港的海事行政主管部門作出書面報告。

Article 60 Units that have obtained permits for dumping wastes shall make a detailed record of such operations and present a written report to the approval department thereafter. Vessels that have finished the said dumping must present a written report to the responsible administrative department of maritime affairs at the port of departure.

第六十一條   禁止在海上焚燒廢棄物。

Article 61. It is prohibited to burn discarded waste at sea.

禁止在海上處置放射性廢棄物或者其他放射性物質。廢棄物中的放射性物質的豁免濃度由國務院制定。

Disposal of radioactive waste or other radioactive substances at sea is prohibited. The exemptible radioactive content in the wastes shall be determined by the State Council.

第八章 防治船舶及有關作業活動對海洋環境的汙染損害

Chapter 8 Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment by Shipping and Other Operational Activities

第六十二條   在中華人民共和國管轄海域，任何船舶及相關作業不得違反本法規定向海洋排放汙染物、廢棄物和壓載水、船舶垃圾及其他有害物質。

Article 62 No vessel or related operational activities of any vessel may discharge pollutants, wastes, ballast tank water, vessel garbage and other harmful substances into the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China in violation of the provisions of this Law.

從事船舶汙染物、廢棄物、船舶垃圾接收、船舶清艙、洗艙作業活動的，必須具備相應的接收處理能力。

Where an entity is engaged in operational activities relating to the receipt of vessel pollutants, dumped wastes and vessel garbage, or relating to cabin cleaning and washing, it must possess the appropriate capabilities to handle these activities.

第六十三條   船舶必須按照有關規定持有防止海洋環境汙染的證書與文書，在進行涉及汙染物排放及操作時，應當如實記錄。

Article 63 Vessels must hold certification and documentation for prevention of marine environment pollution in accordance with relevant regulations. They must keep true and accurate records when carrying out discharging operations and those that involve pollutants.

第六十四條   船舶必須配置相應的防汙設備和器材。

Article 64 All vessels must be equipped with adequate pollution prevention facilities and equipment.

載運具有汙染危害性貨物的船舶，其結構與設備應當能夠防止或者減輕所載貨物對海洋環境的汙染。

Vessels carrying substances that may cause pollution shall have the structure and equipment capable of preventing or reducing pollution to the marine environment caused by their goods.

第六十五條   船舶應當遵守海上交通安全法律、法規的規定，防止因碰撞、觸礁、擱淺、火災或者爆炸等引起的海難事故，造成海洋環境的汙染。

Article 65 Vessels shall comply with the provisions of maritime traffic safety laws and regulations, prevent marine environment pollution caused by maritime accidents such as collision, running on rocks, stranding, fire or explosion etc.

第六十六條   國家完善並實施船舶油汙損害民事賠償責任制度；按照船舶油汙損害賠償責任由船東和貨主共同承擔風險的原則，建立船舶油汙保險、油汙損害賠償基金制度。

Article 66 The State shall improve and implement a civil compensation and responsibility system for oil pollution damage caused by vessels; the State shall establish a system comprising vessel oil pollution insurance and an oil pollution damage compensation fund in accordance with the principle that the owner of the ship and the owner of the goods jointly assume the risk of being responsible for compensating for oil pollution damage caused by the vessels.

實施船舶油汙保險、油汙損害賠償基金制度的具體辦法由國務院規定。

Specific measures for the implementation of the vessel-induced oil pollution insurance and oil pollution compensation fund system shall be formulated by the State Council.

第六十七條   載運具有汙染危害性貨物進出港口的船舶，其承運人、貨物所有人或者代理人，必須事先向海事行政主管部門申報。經批準後，方可進出港口、過境停留或者裝卸作業。

Article 67 The carrier, the owner of the goods or their agent must report to the responsible administrative department of maritime affairs in advance when a vessel of theirs carrying substances that may cause pollution damage is about to enter into or exit from a harbour. The vessel may enter into or exit from a harbour, stop as a passing vessel or perform loading and unloading work only after obtaining approval.

第六十八條   交付船舶裝運汙染危害性貨物的單證、包裝、標志、數量限制等，必須符合對所裝貨物的有關規定。

Article 68 When handling over goods which may cause pollution damage, the certificates, packaging, marking and quantity limits of the goods must accord with relevant regulations for such goods.

需要船舶裝運汙染危害性不明的貨物，應當按照有關規定事先進行評估。

Where a vessel is required to load goods whose harmful nature is unclear, an evaluation shall be carried out in advance pursuant to the relevant provisions.

裝卸油類及有毒有害貨物的作業，船岸雙方必須遵守安全防汙操作規程。

In the loading and unloading of oils and other toxic and harmful substances, the vessel and the shore must obey the operation rules for safety and pollution prevention.

第六十九條   港口、碼頭、裝卸站和船舶修造廠必須按照有關規定備有足夠的用於處理船舶汙染物、廢棄物的接收設施，並使該設施處於良好狀態。

Article 69 Harbours, wharves, loading and unloading stations and vessel repair factories must possess receiving facilities that can adequately dispose of vessel pollutants and waste in accordance with relevant regulations, and keep these facilities in good condition.

裝卸油類的港口、碼頭、裝卸站和船舶必須編制溢油汙染應急計劃，並配備相應的溢油汙染應急設備和器材。

Harbours, wharves, loading and unloading stations and vessels which load and unload oils must draw up an emergency plan for oil-spill pollution, and install corresponding facilities and equipment for oil-spill pollution emergencies.

第七十條   船舶及有關作業活動應當遵守有關法律法規和標準，采取有效措施，防止造成海洋環境汙染。海事行政主管部門等有關部門應當加強對船舶及有關作業活動的監督管理。

Article 70 Vessels and their related operational activities shall abide by the relevant laws, regulations and standards, and effective measures shall be taken to prevent marine environment pollution. The maritime administrative authorities and relevant authorities shall strengthen supervision and administration on vessels and related operations.

船舶進行散裝液體汙染危害性貨物的過駁作業，應當事先按照有關規定報經海事行政主管部門批準。

The vessel-to-vessel transfer of bulk liquid cargo which is likely to cause pollution damage shall be reported to the maritime administrative department for approval in accordance with the relevant provisions beforehand.

第七十一條   船舶發生海難事故，造成或者可能造成海洋環境重大汙染損害的，國家海事行政主管部門有權強制采取避免或者減少汙染損害的措施。

Article 71. Where a vessel is involved in a maritime accident and has caused or is likely to cause major pollution damage to the marine environment, the state administrative department for maritime affairs has the power to take coercive measures to avoid or reduce the pollution damage.

對在公海上因發生海難事故，造成中華人民共和國管轄海域重大汙染損害後果或者具有汙染威脅的船舶、海上設施，國家海事行政主管部門有權采取與實際的或者可能發生的損害相稱的必要措施。

For vessels and marine facilities which cause major pollution or pose pollution threat to territorial waters under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China in the event of a maritime accident occurring in high seas, the maritime administrative authorities of the State shall have the right to adopt necessary measures corresponding to the actual or possible damage.

第七十二條   所有船舶均有監視海上汙染的義務，在發現海上汙染事故或者違反本法規定的行為時，必須立即向就近的依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門報告。

Article 72 All vessels have the obligation to watch out for pollution at sea. Upon discovering pollution accidents at sea or acts which violate the provisions of this Law, they must immediately report to the nearest department empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control.

民用航空器發現海上排汙或者汙染事件，必須及時向就近的民用航空空中交通管制單位報告。接到報告的單位，應當立即向依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門通報。

A civil aircraft, upon discovering pollution discharge or pollution incidents at sea, must immediately report to the nearest civil aviation communication and control unit. The unit that receives such report shall immediately notify the department empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control.

第九章 法律責任

Chapter 9 Legal Liabilities

第七十三條   違反本法有關規定，有下列行為之一的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門責令停止違法行為、限期改正或者責令采取限制生產、停產整治等措施，並處以罰款；拒不改正的，依法作出處罰決定的部門可以自責令改正之日的次日起，按照原罰款數額按日連續處罰；情節嚴重的，報經有批準權的人民政府批準，責令停業、關閉：

Article 73 In the case of any of the following acts in violation of the relevant provisions hereof, the department that exercises the right to supervise and administer the marine environment shall order the cessation of the law-breaking acts and set a time limit for rectification, or shall request that measures should be adopted such as restricting production and suspending production for rectification, and may impose a fine in accordance with the provisions hereof; if the relevant unit refuses to do so, the administrative organ that made the penalty decisions may, as of the following date after the order to make corrections, impose fines accrued on a daily basis from the original fine; if the circumstances are serious, a report will be made to the people's government with approval authority, and the relevant unit will be ordered to suspend production and be shut down:

（一）向海域排放本法禁止排放的汙染物或者其他物質的；

1. discharging into the sea any pollutants or any other substances the discharge of which is prohibited by this Law;

（二）不按照本法規定向海洋排放汙染物，或者超過標準、總量控制指標排放汙染物的；

2. discharging pollutants into the sea in a way inconsistent with the provisions of this law, or discharging pollutants in excess of standards and total control targets for pollutant discharge.

（三）未取得海洋傾倒許可證，向海洋傾倒廢棄物的；

3. dumping wastes in the sea without obtaining a permit for dumping; and

（四）因發生事故或者其他突發性事件，造成海洋環境汙染事故，不立即采取處理措施的。

4. Causing marine environment pollution as a result of an accident occurring or any other contingency without adopting immediate handling measures.

有前款第（一）、（三）項行為之一的，處三萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款；有前款第（二）、（四）項行為之一的，處二萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款。

For any violation as mentioned in (1) and (3) of the preceding paragraph, a fine of not less than 30,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan shall be imposed; for any violation as mentioned in (2) and (4) of the preceding paragraph, a fine not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed.

第七十四條   違反本法有關規定，有下列行為之一的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門予以警告，或者處以罰款：

Article 74 In case of any of the following acts in violation of the provisions of this Law, the department empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control shall give a warning or impose a fine in accordance with the provisions of this Law:

（一）不按照規定申報，甚至拒報汙染物排放有關事項，或者在申報時弄虛作假的；

1. failing to declare or even refusing to declare matters related to the discharge of pollutants in accordance with the relevant provisions, or resorting to deception in declaring;

（二）發生事故或者其他突發性事件不按照規定報告的；

(II) failing to report in accordance with relevant provisions in the event of an accident or any other emergency; or

（三）不按照規定記錄傾倒情況，或者不按照規定提交傾倒報告的；

3. failing to make records of dumping in accordance with relevant provisions or failing to submit a report of dumping in accordance with relevant provisions; or

（四）拒報或者謊報船舶載運汙染危害性貨物申報事項的。

(IV) Refusing to report or making a false report on the matters of carriage of harmful polluting goods by vessels.

有前款第（一）、（三）項行為之一的，處二萬元以下的罰款；有前款第（二）、（四）項行為之一的，處五萬元以下的罰款。

For any violation as mentioned in (1) and (3) of the preceding paragraph, a fine not more than 20,000 yuan shall be imposed; for any violation as mentioned in (2) and (4) of the preceding paragraph, a fine not more than 50,000 yuan shall be imposed.

第七十五條   違反本法第十九條第二款的規定，拒絕現場檢查，或者在被檢查時弄虛作假的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門予以警告，並處二萬元以下的罰款。

Article 75. Where site inspections are refused or false information is supplied in the course of inspections in violation of Article 19, paragraph 2 of this Law, a department that has the power to exercise supervision and administration of the marine environment in accordance with the provisions of this Law shall issue a warning and a fine of up to 20,000 yuan.

第七十六條   違反本法規定，造成珊瑚礁、紅樹林等海洋生態系統及海洋水產資源、海洋保護區破壞的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門責令限期改正和采取補救措施，並處一萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款；有違法所得的，沒收其違法所得。

Article 76 Where damage is caused to coral reefs, mangroves and other marine ecological systems as well as marine aquatic resources and marine sanctuaries in violation of the provisions of this Law, a department that has the power to exercise supervision and administration of the marine environment in accordance with the provisions of this Law shall order the situation to be rectified within a limited time and that remedial measures be adopted. The department shall also impose a fine of an amount greater than 10,000 yuan and less than 100,000 yuan; where there is unlawful income, it must be confiscated.

第七十七條   違反本法第三十條第一款、第三款規定設置入海排汙口的，由縣級以上地方人民政府環境保護行政主管部門責令其關閉，並處二萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款。

Article 77. Where a discharge outlet is installed in violation of Article 30, paragraphs 1 and 3 of this Law, the administrative department of the people's government at county level or above responsible for environmental protection shall order it to be closed, and shall issue a fine greater than 20,000 yuan and less than 100,000 yuan.

海洋、海事、漁業行政主管部門和軍隊環境保護部門發現入海排汙口設置違反本法第三十條第一款、第三款規定的，應當通報環境保護行政主管部門依照前款規定予以處罰。

Where the marine administrative authorities, maritime administrative authorities, fishery administrative authorities or military environment protection authorities discover that an installation of discharge outlet violates the provisions of the first paragraph and the third paragraph of Article 30 of this Law, they shall notify the environmental protection administrative authorities to impose punishment pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

第七十八條   違反本法第三十九條第二款的規定，經中華人民共和國管轄海域，轉移危險廢物的，由國家海事行政主管部門責令非法運輸該危險廢物的船舶退出中華人民共和國管轄海域，並處五萬元以上五十萬元以下的罰款。

Article 78. Where dangerous waste is transferred across territorial seas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China in violation of Article 39, paragraph 2 of this Law, the state administrative department for maritime affairs shall order the vessel illegally carrying the dangerous waste to leave the territorial seas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, and shall issue a fine greater than 50,000 yuan and less than 500,000 yuan.

第七十九條   海岸工程建設項目未依法進行環境影響評價的，依照《中華人民共和國環境影響評價法》的規定處理。

Article 79 Failure to conduct environmental impact assessment on any coastal construction project will be dealt with in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment.

第八十條   違反本法第四十四條的規定，海岸工程建設項目未建成環境保護設施，或者環境保護設施未達到規定要求即投入生產、使用的，由環境保護行政主管部門責令其停止生產或者使用，並處二萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款。

Article 80. Where a coastal construction project, in violation of Article 44 of this Law, commences operation and use without building environmental protection facilities or where the environmental protection facilities do not fulfil the requirements of the regulations, the administrative department responsible for environmental protection shall order production or use to be terminated, and shall issue a fine of less than 20,000 yuan and greater than 100,000 yuan.

第八十一條   違反本法第四十五條的規定，新建嚴重汙染海洋環境的工業生產建設項目的，按照管理權限，由縣級以上人民政府責令關閉。

Article 81. Where industrial production projects that seriously pollute the marine environment are built in violation of Article 45 of this Law, the people's government at county level or above shall, within the limits of its administrative authority, order the project to be closed down.

第八十二條   違反本法第四十七條第一款的規定，進行海洋工程建設項目的，由海洋行政主管部門責令其停止施工，根據違法情節和危害後果，處建設項目總投資額百分之一以上百分之五以下的罰款，並可以責令恢複原狀。

Article 82 Where a marine construction project is carried out in violation of Paragraph 1 of Article 47 of this Law, the department in charge of marine administration shall order the relevant entity to stop the construction, and impose a fine of not less than 1 percent but not more than 5 percent of the total investment amount of the construction project, and may order such entity to make restoration.

違反本法第四十八條的規定，海洋工程建設項目未建成環境保護設施、環境保護設施未達到規定要求即投入生產、使用的，由海洋行政主管部門責令其停止生產、使用，並處五萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款。

Where a marine construction project, in violation of Article 48 of this Law, commences operation and use without building environmental protection facilities, or where environmental protection facilities do not fulfil the requirements of the regulations, the department in charge of marine administration shall order the relevant entity to stop production and use, and shall impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.

第八十三條   違反本法第四十九條的規定，使用含超標準放射性物質或者易溶出有毒有害物質材料的，由海洋行政主管部門處五萬元以下的罰款，並責令其停止該建設項目的運行，直到消除汙染危害。

Article 83. Where radioactive materials that exceed standards, or materials containing easily dissolved toxins and harmful substances are used in violation of Article 49 of this Law, the responsible administrative department of marine affairs shall impose a fine of less than 50,000 yuan, and shall order that the progress of the construction project be terminated, until the pollution damage is eliminated.

第八十四條   違反本法規定進行海洋石油勘探開發活動，造成海洋環境汙染的，由國家海洋行政主管部門予以警告，並處二萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款。

Article 84. Where pollution is caused to the marine environment by carrying out marine oil exploration and exploitation activities in violation of the provisions of this Law, the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs shall issue a warning and a fine greater than 20,000 yuan and less than 200,000 yuan.

第八十五條   違反本法規定，不按照許可證的規定傾倒，或者向已經封閉的傾倒區傾倒廢棄物的，由海洋行政主管部門予以警告，並處三萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款；對情節嚴重的，可以暫扣或者吊銷許可證。

Article 85 In case of a violation of the provisions of this law by dumping wastes not in compliance with requirements as specified on the permit, or by dumping wastes in the dumping zone already closed down, the interested oceanic administrative department shall give a warning and impose a fine not less than 30,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan; where the case is serious, the permit may be temporarily detained or revoked.

第八十六條   違反本法第五十五條第三款的規定，將中華人民共和國境外廢棄物運進中華人民共和國管轄海域傾倒的，由國家海洋行政主管部門予以警告，並根據造成或者可能造成的危害後果，處十萬元以上一百萬元以下的罰款。

Article 86. Where waste is transported into the territorial seas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China from outside and dumped in violation of Article 55, paragraph 3 of this Law, the responsible state administrative department of marine affairs shall issue a warning and, depending on the harm caused or likely to be caused, issue a fine greater than 100,000 yuan and less than 1,000,000 yuan.

第八十七條   違反本法規定，有下列行為之一的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門予以警告，或者處以罰款：

Article 87 In case of a violation of the provisions of this Law by committing any of the following acts, the interested department empowered to conduct marine environment supervision and control shall give a warning or impose a fine in accordance with the provisions of this Law:

（一）港口、碼頭、裝卸站及船舶未配備防汙設施、器材的；

1. ports, docks, loading and unloading spots and vessels which are not equipped with pollution prevention facilities and devices;

（二）船舶未持有防汙證書、防汙文書，或者不按照規定記載排汙記錄的；

2. Vessels not holding pollution prevention certificate and pollution prevention document, or failing to take records of pollutant discharge in accordance with relevant provisions;

（三）從事水上和港區水域拆船、舊船改裝、打撈和其他水上、水下施工作業，造成海洋環境汙染損害的；

(III) engaging in surface and port water area ship dismantling, old vessel refitting, salvage and other surface and underwater operations which cause pollution damage to the marine environment;

（四）船舶載運的貨物不具備防汙適運條件的。

(IV) The goods carried by a vessel do not meet the pollution prevention and transportation requirements.

有前款第（一）、（四）項行為之一的，處二萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款；有前款第（二）項行為的，處二萬元以下的罰款；有前款第（三）項行為的，處五萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款。

Acts listed in (1) and (4) of the preceding paragraph shall be fined an amount greater than 20,000 yuan and less than 100,000 yuan; acts listed in (2) of the preceding paragraph shall be fined an amount of less than 20,000 yuan; acts listed in (3) of the preceding paragraph shall be fined an amount of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.

第八十八條   違反本法規定，船舶、石油平臺和裝卸油類的港口、碼頭、裝卸站不編制溢油應急計劃的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門予以警告，或者責令限期改正。

Article 88 In case of a violation of the provisions of this Law by failing to work out oil spill contingency scheme for vessels, oil platforms or ports, docks, loading and unloading spots engaged in oil handling the interested department empowered to conduct marine environment supervision and control shall give a warning in accordance with the provisions of this Law, or shall order a correction within a time limit.

第八十九條   造成海洋環境汙染損害的責任者，應當排除危害，並賠償損失；完全由於第三者的故意或者過失，造成海洋環境汙染損害的，由第三者排除危害，並承擔賠償責任。

Article 89 Anyone responsible for causing pollution damage to the marine environment shall eliminate and compensate for the damage; where pollution damage is caused to the marine environment completely by the act or omission of a third party, the third party must eliminate the damage and assume responsibility for compensation.

對破壞海洋生態、海洋水產資源、海洋保護區，給國家造成重大損失的，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門代表國家對責任者提出損害賠償要求。

For damages to marine ecosystems, marine aquatic resources or marine protected areas that cause heavy losses to the State, the department empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control shall, on behalf of the State, demand compensation from the persons held responsible for the damages.

第九十條   對違反本法規定，造成海洋環境汙染事故的單位，除依法承擔賠償責任外，由依照本法規定行使海洋環境監督管理權的部門依照本條第二款的規定處以罰款；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員可以處上一年度從本單位取得收入百分之五十以下的罰款；直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員屬於國家工作人員的，依法給予處分。

Article 90 An organisation which violates the provisions of this Law and causes marine environment pollution shall, in addition to bearing compensation liability, be subject to a fine imposed by the authorities performing marine environment supervision and administration duties pursuant to the provisions of the second paragraph of this Law; the directly accountable person (s) -in-charge and other directly accountable personnel may be subject to a fine of not more than 50% of their income derived from the organisation in the preceding year; where the directly accountable person (s) -in-charge and other directly accountable personnel are civil servants, they shall be punished pursuant to the law.

對造成一般或者較大海洋環境汙染事故的，按照直接損失的百分之二十計算罰款；對造成重大或者特大海洋環境汙染事故的，按照直接損失的百分之三十計算罰款。

For any accident that causes ordinary or relatively large marine environment pollution, a fine of 20 percent of the direct loss shall be imposed; in the event of an accident causing major or severe marine environment pollution, a fine of 30 percent of the direct loss shall be calculated as the penalty.

對嚴重汙染海洋環境、破壞海洋生態，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

For anyone who seriously pollutes the marine environment and destroys the marine ecology, thus constituting a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to the law.

第九十一條   完全屬於下列情形之一，經過及時采取合理措施，仍然不能避免對海洋環境造成汙染損害的，造成汙染損害的有關責任者免予承擔責任：

Article 91 Where damage to the marine environment caused by a pollution can not be avoided despite prompt and reasonable adoption of measures, and where the pollution is entirely attributable to any of the following circumstances, the parties concerned held responsible shall be exempt from liability:

（一）戰爭；

1. war;

（二）不可抗拒的自然災害；

2. irresistible natural calamities; or

（三）負責燈塔或者其他助航設備的主管部門，在執行職責時的疏忽，或者其他過失行為。

(III) negligence or other wrongful acts in the exercise of functions of departments responsible for the maintenance of beacons or other navigation aids.

第九十二條   對違反本法第十二條有關繳納排汙費、傾倒費規定的行政處罰，由國務院規定。

Article 92 The administrative penalties regarding the payment of discharge and dumping fees as prescribed in Article 12 of this Law shall be formulated by the State Council.

第九十三條   海洋環境監督管理人員濫用職權、玩忽職守、徇私舞弊，造成海洋環境汙染損害的，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 93 Marine environment supervision and administration personnel guilty of abusing official powers, dereliction of duties or corruption, thereby causing marine environment pollution, shall be subject to administrative punishment pursuant to the law; where the case constitutes a criminal offence, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.

第十章 附 則

Chapter 10 Supplementary Provisions

第九十四條   本法中下列用語的含義是：

Article 94 For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:

（一）海洋環境汙染損害，是指直接或者間接地把物質或者能量引入海洋環境，產生損害海洋生物資源、危害人體健康、妨害漁業和海上其他合法活動、損害海水使用素質和減損環境質量等有害影響。

1. "Pollution damage to the marine environment" means any direct or indirect introduction of substances or energy into the marine environment which results in deleterious effects such as harm to marine living resources, hazards to human health, hindrance to fishing and other legitimate operations at sea, impairment of the useful quality of sea water and degradation of environmental quality.

（二）內水，是指我國領海基線向內陸一側的所有海域。

(II) "Internal waters" means all sea areas on the land-ward side of the baseline of the territorial sea of our country.

（三）濱海濕地，是指低潮時水深淺於六米的水域及其沿岸浸濕地帶，包括水深不超過六米的永久性水域、潮間帶（或洪泛地帶）和沿海低地等。

(III) "coastal wetland" means water areas where the depth of water is less than 6 meters at low tides and its coastal flooded and wet areas, including the permanent water areas, the intertidal zones and other coastal low lands where the depth of water is less than 6 meters.

（四）海洋功能區劃，是指依據海洋自然屬性和社會屬性，以及自然資源和環境特定條件，界定海洋利用的主導功能和使用範疇。

(IV) "marine functional zonation scheme" means delimitation of dominant functions and scope in marine utilization in the light of marine natural attributes and social attributes as well as natural resources and specified environmental conditions.

（五）漁業水域，是指魚蝦類的產卵場、索餌場、越冬場、洄遊通道和魚蝦貝藻類的養殖場。

(V) "Fishing areas" means spawning grounds, feeding grounds, wintering grounds and migration channels of fishes and shrimps, and the mariculture waters of fishes, shrimps shellfishes and algae.

（六）油類，是指任何類型的油及其煉制品。

(VI) "Oils" means any kind of oil and its refined products.

（七）油性混合物，是指任何含有油份的混合物。

(VII) "Oily mixtures" means any mixtures containing oil.

（八）排放，是指把汙染物排入海洋的行為，包括泵出、溢出、泄出、噴出和倒出。

(VIII) "Discharge" means acts to drain pollutants into the sea including pumping, spilling, releasing, gushing and pouring.

（九）陸地汙染源（簡稱陸源），是指從陸地向海域排放汙染物，造成或者可能造成海洋環境汙染的場所、設施等。

(IX) "Land based pollution sources" refer to the sites or facilities that discharge from the land into the sea pollutants which cause or may cause marine environment pollution.

（十）陸源汙染物，是指由陸地汙染源排放的汙染物。

(X) "Land-based pollutant" means pollutant discharged from land-based sources.

（十一）傾倒，是指通過船舶、航空器、平臺或者其他載運工具，向海洋處置廢棄物和其他有害物質的行為，包括棄置船舶、航空器、平臺及其輔助設施和其他浮動工具的行為。

(XI) "Dumping" means to dispose of wastes or other harmful substances into the sea from vessels, aircraft, platforms or other means of transport, including the abandonment of vessels, aircraft, platforms and other floating apparatus.

（十二）沿海陸域，是指與海岸相連，或者通過管道、溝渠、設施，直接或者間接向海洋排放汙染物及其相關活動的一帶區域。

(XII) "Coastal land areas" means areas connected with the coast or areas where pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into the sea through pipelines, channels and installations, and where related activities are conducted.

（十三）海上焚燒，是指以熱摧毀為目的，在海上焚燒設施上，故意焚燒廢棄物或者其他物質的行為，但船舶、平臺或者其他人工構造物正常操作中，所附帶發生的行為除外。

(XIII) "Incineration at the sea" means intentional act of burning wastes or other substances by burning devices at the sea aiming at destruction by heat; however, such acts that occur accidentally during normal operation of vessels, platforms or other man-made structures shall be excluded.

第九十五條   涉及海洋環境監督管理的有關部門的具體職權劃分，本法未作規定的，由國務院規定。

Article 95 Where specific divisions of functions and powers for the relevant departments involved in marine environment supervision and control are not defined in this Law, the State Council shall define them.

第九十六條   中華人民共和國締結或者參加的與海洋環境保護有關的國際條約與本法有不同規定的，適用國際條約的規定；但是，中華人民共和國聲明保留的條款除外。

Article 96 Where an international treaty regarding marine environmental protection concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China contains provisions differing from those contained in this Law, the provisions of the international treaty shall apply; however the provisions about which the People's Republic of China has declared reservations shall be excepted.

第九十七條   本法自2000年4月1日起施行。

Article 97 This Law shall go into effect as of April 1, 2000.