法律文本

中華人民共和國信托法

Trust Law of the People's Republic of

中華人民共和國主席令第五十號

Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No.50

(2001年4月28日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十一次會議通過 中華人民共和國主席令第五十號公布 2001年10月1日起施行)

(Adopted at the 21st Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on April 28, 2001 and promulgated by Order No. 50 of the President of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 2001)

目 錄

Contents

  第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

  第二章 信托的設立

Chapter 2 Establishment of a Trust

  第三章 信托財產

Chapter III Trust Property

  第四章 信托當事人

Chapter 4 Parties to a Trust

    第一節 委托人

Section 1 PRINCIPAL

    第二節 受托人

Section 2 Trustee:

    第三節 受益人

Section 3 beneficiary

  第五章 信托的變更與終止

Chapter 5 Change and Termination of Trusts

  第六章 公益信托

Chapter 6 Public Trust

  第七章 附 則

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了調整信托關系，規範信托行為，保護信托當事人的合法權益，促進信托事業的健康發展，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of regulating the trust relationship, standardizing trust acts, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties to a trust and promoting the healthy development of the trust undertaking.

第二條   本法所稱信托，是指委托人基於對受托人的信任，將其財產權委托給受托人，由受托人按委托人的意願以自己的名義，為受益人的利益或者特定目的，進行管理或者處分的行為。

Article 2 Trust in this Law refers to the act in which the trustor, based on his/her trust in the trustee, entrusts his/her property rights to the trustee and the trustee manages or disposes of the property rights in his/her own name in accordance with the intention of the trustor and for the benefit of the beneficiary or for specific purposes.

第三條   委托人、受托人、受益人(以下統稱信托當事人)在中華人民共和國境內進行民事、營業、公益信托活動，適用本法。

Article 3 The Law applies to the trustor, the trustee and the beneficiary (hereinafter referred to in general as parties to a trust) conducting civil, business or public trust activities within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

第四條   受托人采取信托機構形式從事信托活動，其組織和管理由國務院制定具體辦法。

Article 4 A trustee shall engage in trust activities by way of a trust institution. The State Council shall formulate specific measures for the organization and management of such trust activities.

第五條   信托當事人進行信托活動，必須遵守法律、行政法規，遵循自願、公平和誠實信用原則，不得損害國家利益和社會公共利益。

Article 5 When conducting trust activities, the parties to a trust must abide by the laws and regulations, comply with the principle of voluntariness, fairness and good faith, and must not harm the state interests and the public interests of the society.

第二章 信托的設立

Chapter 2 Establishment of a Trust

第六條   設立信托，必須有合法的信托目的。

Article 6 The creation of a trust shall serve a legitimate purpose of trust.

第七條   設立信托，必須有確定的信托財產，並且該信托財產必須是委托人合法所有的財產。

Article 7 To establish a trust, there must be certain properties and the properties must be lawfully owned by the trustor.

本法所稱財產包括合法的財產權利。

Property in this Law includes lawful property rights.

第八條   設立信托，應當采取書面形式。

Article 8 A trust shall be created in written form.

書面形式包括信托合同、遺囑或者法律、行政法規規定的其他書面文件等。

Written form includes trust contracts, wills or other written documents stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

采取信托合同形式設立信托的，信托合同簽訂時，信托成立。采取其他書面形式設立信托的，受托人承諾信托時，信托成立。

A trust established in the form of trust contract shall come into existence when the trust contract is concluded. A trust established in other written forms shall come into existence when the trustee promises to accept the trust.

第九條   設立信托，其書面文件應當載明下列事項：

Article 9 The written documents by which a trust is to be created shall set out the following matters:

(一)信托目的；

1. Purposes of the trust;

(二)委托人、受托人的姓名或者名稱、住所；

(II) Names and addresses of the trustor, the trustee and the beneficiary;

(三)受益人或者受益人範圍；

3. The beneficiary or the scope of the beneficiary;

(四)信托財產的範圍、種類及狀況；

(IV) Scope, type and status of trust property;

(五)受益人取得信托利益的形式、方法。

(V) The form and method for beneficiaries to obtain trust benefits.

除前款所列事項外，可以載明信托期限、信托財產的管理方法、受托人的報酬、新受托人的選任方式、信托終止事由等事項。

Apart from the information listed in the above paragraph, duration of the trust, methods of management of the trust property, remuneration of the trustee, methods of designation of new trustees, reasons for terminating a trust and other information may also be provided.

第十條   設立信托，對於信托財產，有關法律、行政法規規定應當辦理登記手續的，應當依法辦理信托登記。

Article 10 Where trust property shall be registered according to the provisions of the relevant laws or administrative regulations for the establishment of a trust, such property shall be registered.

未依照前款規定辦理信托登記的，應當補辦登記手續；不補辦的，該信托不產生效力。

If the trust registration fails to be made as required in the previous paragraph, it shall be made up later; the trust shall be invalid if no make-up trust registration is conducted.

第十一條   有下列情形之一的，信托無效：

Article 11 The trust is invalid under any of the following circumstances:

(一)信托目的違反法律、行政法規或者損害社會公共利益；

1. The purposes of the trust are against laws or regulations, or harm the public interest;

(二)信托財產不能確定；

2. The trust property can not be identified;

(三)委托人以非法財產或者本法規定不得設立信托的財產設立信托；

(III) The trustor creates a trust by using illegal properties or properties that are prohibited by this Law from being used to create a trust;

(四)專以訴訟或者討債為目的設立信托；

(IV) Creating a trust solely for the purpose of litigation or of demanding the payment of a debt;

(五)受益人或者受益人範圍不能確定；

(V) The beneficiary or the scope of beneficiaries cannot be identified; and

(六)法律、行政法規規定的其他情形。

(VI) Other circumstances prescribed in laws and administrative regulations.

第十二條   委托人設立信托損害其債權人利益的，債權人有權申請人民法院撤銷該信托。

Article 12 If the trust a trustor establishes has harmed the interests of the creditor, the creditor shall have the right to apply to the people's court for canceling the trust.

人民法院依照前款規定撤銷信托的，不影響善意受益人已經取得的信托利益。

Trust benefits already obtained by a goodwill beneficiary shall not be affected if the people's court cancels the trust in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

本條第一款規定的申請權，自債權人知道或者應當知道撤銷原因之日起一年內不行使的，歸於消滅。

The right to apply shall extinguish if the creditor fails to exercise it within one year after he knows or should know the reasons for cancellation.

第十三條   設立遺囑信托，應當遵守繼承法關於遺囑的規定。

Article 13 The establishment of testamentary trust shall abide by the provisions of the Law of Succession on testament.

遺囑指定的人拒絕或者無能力擔任受托人的，由受益人另行選任受托人；受益人為無民事行為能力人或者限制民事行為能力人的，依法由其監護人代行選任。遺囑對選任受托人另有規定的，從其規定。

If the person appointed by the testament refuses to act, or does not have the capacity to act as trustee, the beneficiary may appoint other trustees; if the beneficiary is a person without civil capacity or a person with limited capacity, his guardian shall appoint the trustee on his behalf in accordance with law. If there are other provisions on the appointment of the trustee in the testament, those provisions shall be followed.

第三章 信托財產

Chapter III Trust Property

第十四條   受托人因承諾信托而取得的財產是信托財產。

Article 14 The properties that the trustee obtains as a result of accepting the trust shall be trust property.

受托人因信托財產的管理運用、處分或者其他情形而取得的財產，也歸入信托財產。

The properties that the trustee obtains by way of managing, utilizing, disposing of the trust property or by other means shall also be deemed as trust property.

法律、行政法規禁止流通的財產，不得作為信托財產。

Any property whose transaction is prohibited by laws and administrative regulations shall not be used as trust property.

法律、行政法規限制流通的財產，依法經有關主管部門批準後，可以作為信托財產。

Assets whose circulation is restricted by law and administrative regulations may be used as trust property with the approval of the relevant department in charge in accordance with the law.

第十五條   信托財產與委托人未設立信托的其他財產相區別。設立信托後，委托人死亡或者依法解散、被依法撤銷、被宣告破產時，委托人是唯一受益人的，信托終止，信托財產作為其遺產或者清算財產；委托人不是唯一受益人的，信托存續，信托財產不作為其遺產或者清算財產；但作為共同受益人的委托人死亡或者依法解散、被依法撤銷、被宣告破產時，其信托受益權作為其遺產或者清算財產。

Article 15 Trust property is different from other properties with which the trustor hasn't established a trust. After a trust has been set up, if the settlor dies or is legally dissolved, revoked or declared insolvent and the settlor is the only beneficiary, the trust shall terminate and the trust property shall be considered as the settlor's estate or as assets for liquidation. If the settlor is not the only beneficiary the trust shall continue to exist and the trust assets shall not be considered as the settlor's estate or as assets for liquidation. However, when the settlor as a joint beneficiary dies or is legally dissolved, revoked or declared insolvent, the beneficial rights of the trust shall be considered as the settlor's estate or as assets for liquidation.

第十六條   信托財產與屬於受托人所有的財產(以下簡稱固有財產)相區別，不得歸入受托人的固有財產或者成為固有財產的一部分。

Article 16 The trust property is different from the property owned by the trustee (hereinafter referred to as inherent property for short) and shall not be deemed as the inherent property of the trustee or become part of the inherent property.

受托人死亡或者依法解散、被依法撤銷、被宣告破產而終止，信托財產不屬於其遺產或者清算財產。

If the trustee dies or is dissolved, canceled or declared bankrupt according to law and terminated, the trust property shall not be deemed as his heritage or liquidation property.

第十七條   除因下列情形之一外，對信托財產不得強制執行：

Article 17 Trust property shall not be enforced unless under any of the following circumstances:

(一)設立信托前債權人已對該信托財產享有優先受償的權利，並依法行使該權利的；

1. The creditor has already gotten the priority of compensation from the trust property before the trust is established and exercised the right according to law;

(二)受托人處理信托事務所產生債務，債權人要求清償該債務的；

2. The debts incurred from the trustee's handling of the trust affairs and the creditor requires the debts to be paid off;

(三)信托財產本身應擔負的稅款；

(III) The taxes that shall be imposed on the trust property per se;

(四)法律規定的其他情形。

(IV) Other circumstances stipulated by the law arise.

對於違反前款規定而強制執行信托財產，委托人、受托人或者受益人有權向人民法院提出異議。

If the trust property is enforced against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the trustor, the trustee or the beneficiary has the right to make an objection to the people's court.

第十八條   受托人管理運用、處分信托財產所產生的債權，不得與其固有財產產生的債務相抵銷。

Article 18 The creditor's right obtained by the trustee through the management, utilization and disposition of the trust property must not offset the debt caused by his inherent property.

受托人管理運用、處分不同委托人的信托財產所產生的債權債務，不得相互抵銷。

The creditor's right and the debt caused when the trustee manages, utilizes and disposes the trust property of different trustors must not offset each other.

第四章 信托當事人

Chapter 4 Parties to a Trust

第一節 委托人

Section 1 PRINCIPAL

第十九條   委托人應當是具有完全民事行為能力的自然人、法人或者依法成立的其他組織。

Article 19 The trustor shall be a natural or a legal person with full civil capacity, or other organizations established according to law.

第二十條   委托人有權了解其信托財產的管理運用、處分及收支情況，並有權要求受托人作出說明。

Article 20 The trustor has the right to know how his trust property is managed, utilized or disposed of and the income and expenses incurred therefrom, and has the right to ask the trustee to make explanations.

委托人有權查閱、抄錄或者複制與其信托財產有關的信托帳目以及處理信托事務的其他文件。

Settlors have the right to check, make an excerpt from or copy trust accounts related to their trust property and to handle other trust documents.

第二十一條   因設立信托時未能預見的特別事由，致使信托財產的管理方法不利於實現信托目的或者不符合受益人的利益時，委托人有權要求受托人調整該信托財產的管理方法。

Article 21 The trustor has the right to ask the trustee to adjust the management method of the trust property if the method prevents the realization of the purposes of the trust or is inconsistent with the interests of the beneficiary due to special causes that are not foreseen when the trust was created.

第二十二條   受托人違反信托目的處分信托財產或者因違背管理職責、處理信托事務不當致使信托財產受到損失的，委托人有權申請人民法院撤銷該處分行為，並有權要求受托人恢複信托財產的原狀或者予以賠償；該信托財產的受讓人明知是違反信托目的而接受該財產的，應當予以返還或者予以賠償。

Article 22 If the trustee disposes of the trust property against the purposes of the trust or causes losses to the trust property due to violation of the management duties or improper handling of the trust affairs, the trustor has the right to apply to the people's court for canceling the disposition, and has the right to require the trustee to restore the trust property to its original state or make compensation; if the transferee clearly knows that the trust property is against the purposes of the trust and accepts the property, he shall return the property or make compensation.

前款規定的申請權，自委托人知道或者應當知道撤銷原因之日起一年內不行使的，歸於消滅。

The right to apply as mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall extinguish if the trustor doesn't exercise it within 1 year since it knows or should know the reasons for cancellation.

第二十三條   受托人違反信托目的處分信托財產或者管理運用、處分信托財產有重大過失的，委托人有權依照信托文件的規定解任受托人，或者申請人民法院解任受托人。

Article 23 If the trustee disposes the trust property against the purposes of the trust or is at serious fault when managing, utilizing or disposing of the trust property, the trustor has the right to remove the trustee in accordance with the provisions of the trust documents or apply to the people's court to remove the trustee.

第二節 受托人

Section 2 Trustee:

第二十四條   受托人應當是具有完全民事行為能力的自然人、法人。

Article 24 The trustee shall be a natural or a legal person with full civil capacity.

法律、行政法規對受托人的條件另有規定的，從其規定。

Where the laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise on the criteria for a trustee, such provisions shall prevail.

第二十五條   受托人應當遵守信托文件的規定，為受益人的最大利益處理信托事務。

Article 25 The trustee shall abide by the provisions of the trust documents and handle the trust affairs for the utmost interests of the beneficiary.

受托人管理信托財產，必須恪盡職守，履行誠實、信用、謹慎、有效管理的義務。

The trustee shall fulfill his duties and perform the obligation of being honest, credible, prudent and efficient in the management of the trust property.

第二十六條   受托人除依照本法規定取得報酬外，不得利用信托財產為自己謀取利益。

Article 26 The trustee must not take advantage of the trust property to seek profits for his own except getting remuneration in accordance with the provisions of the Law.

受托人違反前款規定，利用信托財產為自己謀取利益的，所得利益歸入信托財產。

If the trustee violates the provisions of the preceding paragraph to take advantage of the trust property to seek profits for his own, the profits he obtains shall be incorporated into the trust property.

第二十七條   受托人不得將信托財產轉為其固有財產。受托人將信托財產轉為其固有財產的，必須恢複該信托財產的原狀；造成信托財產損失的，應當承擔賠償責任。

Article 27 The trustee must not change the trust property into his inherent property. The trustee must revert the trust property if he changes the trust property into his inherent property; and the trustee shall bear the liability of compensation if he causes losses to the trust property.

第二十八條   受托人不得將其固有財產與信托財產進行交易或者將不同委托人的信托財產進行相互交易，但信托文件另有規定或者經委托人或者受益人同意，並以公平的市場價格進行交易的除外。

Article 28 The trustee must not make transactions between his inherent property and the trust property, or make transactions between the trust properties of different trustors, except that the trust documents prescribe otherwise or with the approval of the trustor or the beneficiary, and make transactions based on fair market price.

受托人違反前款規定，造成信托財產損失的，應當承擔賠償責任。

The trustee shall bear liability of compensation if he violates the provisions of the preceding paragraph and causes losses to the trust property.

第二十九條   受托人必須將信托財產與其固有財產分別管理、分別記帳，並將不同委托人的信托財產分別管理、分別記帳。

Article 29 The trustee must manage the trust property and his inherent property separately and keep separate accounts, and must manage the trust property of different trustors separately and keep separate accounts.

第三十條   受托人應當自己處理信托事務，但信托文件另有規定或者有不得已事由的，可以委托他人代為處理。

Article 30 The trustee shall handle the trust affairs in person, but if the trust documents provide otherwise or there is no alternative, the trustee may entrust others to handle the affairs on his behalf.

受托人依法將信托事務委托他人代理的，應當對他人處理信托事務的行為承擔責任。

The trustee shall bear liability for the handling of the trust affairs by another party if he entrusts the trust affairs to that party to handle.

第三十一條   同一信托的受托人有兩個以上的，為共同受托人。

Article 31 Where there are two or more trustees of a same trust, they are joint trustees.

共同受托人應當共同處理信托事務，但信托文件規定對某些具體事務由受托人分別處理的，從其規定。

Joint trustees shall handle trust affairs jointly. However, when the trust document stipulates that specific matters are to be handled separately by each trustee, that stipulation shall be followed.

共同受托人共同處理信托事務，意見不一致時，按信托文件規定處理；信托文件未規定的，由委托人、受益人或者其利害關系人決定。

If the joint trustees have different opinions when handling the trust affairs jointly, they shall follow the provisions of the trust documents; and if there are no relevant prescriptions in the trust documents, they shall follow the decision of the trustor, beneficiary or interested person of the beneficiary.

第三十二條   共同受托人處理信托事務對第三人所負債務，應當承擔連帶清償責任。第三人對共同受托人之一所作的意思表示，對其他受托人同樣有效。

Article 32 The joint trustees shall bear several and joint liability if they incur debts to a third party when handling the trust affairs. The declaration of intention made by the third party to one of the joint trustees has the same effect to the other trustees.

共同受托人之一違反信托目的處分信托財產或者因違背管理職責、處理信托事務不當致使信托財產受到損失的，其他受托人應當承擔連帶賠償責任。

If any of the joint trustees disposes of the trust property against the purposes of the trust or causes losses to the trust property due to violation of his management duties or improper handling of the trust affairs, the other trustees shall bear joint and several liabilities.

第三十三條   受托人必須保存處理信托事務的完整記錄。

Article 33 The trustee must keep complete records of the handling of trust affairs.

受托人應當每年定期將信托財產的管理運用、處分及收支情況，報告委托人和受益人。

The trustee shall report the management, utilization and disposition of the trust property and the income and expenses to the trustor and the beneficiary regularly every year.

受托人對委托人、受益人以及處理信托事務的情況和資料負有依法保密的義務。

The trustee shall bear the obligation to the trustor and beneficiary of keeping secret of the handling of trust affairs and the materials according to law.

第三十四條   受托人以信托財產為限向受益人承擔支付信托利益的義務。

Article 34 The trustee shall be responsible for paying trust benefits to the beneficiaries within the limit of the trust property.

第三十五條   受托人有權依照信托文件的約定取得報酬。信托文件未作事先約定的，經信托當事人協商同意，可以作出補充約定；未作事先約定和補充約定的，不得收取報酬。

Article 35 The trustee has the right to get remuneration in accordance with the terms of the trust documents. If it is not prescribed beforehand in the trust documents, supplementary terms may be made with the approval of the parties of the trust after negotiation; the trustee must not get remuneration if no terms are made in advance and no supplementary terms are made.

約定的報酬經信托當事人協商同意，可以增減其數額。

The amount of the remuneration agreed upon may be added or reduced subject to the approval of the parties of the trust after negotiation.

第三十六條   受托人違反信托目的處分信托財產或者因違背管理職責、處理信托事務不當致使信托財產受到損失的，在未恢複信托財產的原狀或者未予賠償前，不得請求給付報酬。

Article 36 If the trustee disposes of the trust property against the purposes of the trust or causes losses to the trust property due to violation of the management duties or improper handling of the trust affairs, the trustee must not ask for remuneration before he has reverted the trust property or made compensations.

第三十七條   受托人因處理信托事務所支出的費用、對第三人所負債務，以信托財產承擔。受托人以其固有財產先行支付的，對信托財產享有優先受償的權利。

Article 37 The trustee may bear the expenses and debts to a third party incurred from the handling of trust affairs with the trust property. If the trustee has paid in advance with his inherent property, he has the priority right to get compensation from the trust property.

受托人違背管理職責或者處理信托事務不當對第三人所負債務或者自己所受到的損失，以其固有財產承擔。

The trustee shall bear the debts to the third party or losses of himself arising from the violation of his management duties or improper handling of the trust affairs with his inherent property.

第三十八條   設立信托後，經委托人和受益人同意，受托人可以辭任。本法對公益信托的受托人辭任另有規定的，從其規定。

Article 38 The trustee may resign upon the approval of the trustor and the beneficiary after the trust is created. If the present Law has different provisions on the resignation of a trustee, those provisions shall be followed.

受托人辭任的，在新受托人選出前仍應履行管理信托事務的職責。

The trustee intending to resign shall continue to perform the duties of managing the trust affairs before the new trustee is appointed.

第三十九條   受托人有下列情形之一的，其職責終止：

Article 39 The duties and responsibilities of a trustee shall be terminated in any of the following circumstances:

(一)死亡或者被依法宣告死亡；

1. He is deceased or is legally declared dead;

(二)被依法宣告為無民事行為能力人或者限制民事行為能力人；

(II) He is declared a person of no or limited capacity for civil conduct;

(三)被依法撤銷或者被宣告破產；

(III) The trustee is canceled according to law or is declared bankrupt;

(四)依法解散或者法定資格喪失；

(IV) The trustee is dissolved or loses statutory qualification;

(五)辭任或者被解任；

(V) The trustee resigns or is dismissed;

(六)法律、行政法規規定的其他情形。

(VI) Other circumstances prescribed in laws and administrative regulations.

受托人職責終止時，其繼承人或者遺產管理人、監護人、清算人應當妥善保管信托財產，協助新受托人接管信托事務。

When the duties and responsibilities of the trustee end, its heritor or the manager of the decedent's property, the guardian or the liquidator shall keep the trust property appropriately and assist the new trustee to take over the trust affairs.

第四十條   受托人職責終止的，依照信托文件規定選任新受托人；信托文件未規定的，由委托人選任；委托人不指定或者無能力指定的，由受益人選任；受益人為無民事行為能力人或者限制民事行為能力人的，依法由其監護人代行選任。

Article 40 When the duties and responsibilities of the trustee end, a new trustee shall be appointed according to the provisions of the trust documents; if there are no relevant prescriptions in the trust documents, the trustor shall appoint a new trustee; if the trustor fails to appoint or doesn't have the capacity to appoint a new trustee, the beneficiary shall make the appointment; if the beneficiary is a person without civil capacity or a person with limited civil capacity, his guardian shall appoint the new trustee on his behalf according to law.

原受托人處理信托事務的權利和義務，由新受托人承繼。

The new trustee shall inherit the rights and obligations of handling the trust affairs of the former trustee.

第四十一條   受托人有本法第三十九條第一款第(三)項至第(六)項所列情形之一，職責終止的，應當作出處理信托事務的報告，並向新受托人辦理信托財產和信托事務的移交手續。

Article 41 If the duties and responsibilities of the trustee end under any of the circumstances listed in item 3) to item 6) of the first clause of Article 39 of this Law, the trustee shall make reports on the handling of trust affairs and handle handover procedures of the trust property and trust affairs to the new trustee.

前款報告經委托人或者受益人認可，原受托人就報告中所列事項解除責任。但原受托人有不正當行為的除外。

The liabilities of the former trustee of the matters listed in the report shall be relieved after the report mentioned in the preceding paragraph is recognized by the trustor or the beneficiary. This excludes original trustees who have engaged in improper conduct.

第四十二條   共同受托人之一職責終止的，信托財產由其他受托人管理和處分。

Article 42 If the duties and responsibilities of any of the joint trustees end, the trust property shall be managed and disposed of by other trustees.

第三節 受益人

Section 3 beneficiary

第四十三條   受益人是在信托中享有信托受益權的人。受益人可以是自然人、法人或者依法成立的其他組織。

Article 43 The beneficiary shall be the person who enjoys the beneficial right of the trust. The beneficiary may be a natural person, a legal person or other organizations established according to law.

委托人可以是受益人，也可以是同一信托的唯一受益人。

The trustor may be the beneficiary or the sole beneficiary of the same trust.

受托人可以是受益人，但不得是同一信托的唯一受益人。

The trustee may be the beneficiary, but may not be the only beneficiary of the same trust.

第四十四條   受益人自信托生效之日起享有信托受益權。信托文件另有規定的，從其規定。

Article 44 The beneficiary enjoys the beneficial right of the trust since the day on which the trust takes effect. If the trust documents have other provisions, such provisions shall prevail.

第四十五條   共同受益人按照信托文件的規定享受信托利益。信托文件對信托利益的分配比例或者分配方法未作規定的，各受益人按照均等的比例享受信托利益。

Article 45 The joint beneficiaries enjoy trust benefits in accordance with the terms of the trust documents. If there are no relevant provisions in the trust documents concerning the distribution proportion or the methods of distributing the trust benefits, each beneficiary shall enjoy the trust benefits in proportion to equal benefits.

第四十六條   受益人可以放棄信托受益權。

Article 46 The beneficiary may waiver the beneficial right of the trust.

全體受益人放棄信托受益權的，信托終止。

The trust shall terminate when all of the beneficiaries waive their beneficial rights of the trust.

部分受益人放棄信托受益權的，被放棄的信托受益權按下列順序確定歸屬：

Where some of the beneficiaries of a trust give up the beneficial right, the attribution of the abandoned beneficial right shall be determined in the following order:

(一)信托文件規定的人；

1. Persons prescribed in the trust documents;

(二)其他受益人；

(II) Other beneficiaries;

(三)委托人或者其繼承人。

(III) The trustor or its heritor;

第四十七條   受益人不能清償到期債務的，其信托受益權可以用於清償債務，但法律、行政法規以及信托文件有限制性規定的除外。

Article 47 The beneficiary who is not able to pay off matured debts may use his beneficial right of the trust to pay off his debts, except that there are restrictive provisions in laws, regulations or the trust documents.

第四十八條   受益人的信托受益權可以依法轉讓和繼承，但信托文件有限制性規定的除外。

Article 48 The beneficial right of the trust of the beneficiary may be transferred and inherited in accordance with law, unless there are restrictive provisions in the trust documents.

第四十九條   受益人可以行使本法第二十條至第二十三條規定的委托人享有的權利。受益人行使上述權利，與委托人意見不一致時，可以申請人民法院作出裁定。

Article 49 The beneficiary may enjoy the rights of the trustor prescribed in Articles 20 to 23 of the Law. If the beneficiary has objections to the trustor when exercising the rights mentioned above, he may apply to the people's court for ruling.

受托人有本法第二十二條第一款所列行為，共同受益人之一申請人民法院撤銷該處分行為的，人民法院所作出的撤銷裁定，對全體共同受益人有效。

Where the trustee conducts any of the acts enumerated in Paragraph 1 of Article 22 and one of the joint beneficiaries applies to the people's court for withdrawing the disposition, the ruling of cancellation made by the people's court shall be of equal effect to all of the joint beneficiaries.

第五章 信托的變更與終止

Chapter 5 Change and Termination of Trusts

第五十條   委托人是唯一受益人的，委托人或者其繼承人可以解除信托。信托文件另有規定的，從其規定。

Article 50 The trustor or the heritor thereof may rescind the trust if the trustor is the only beneficiary. If the trust documents have other provisions, such provisions shall prevail.

第五十一條   設立信托後，有下列情形之一的，委托人可以變更受益人或者處分受益人的信托受益權：

Article 51 Under any of the following circumstances, the trustor may change the beneficiary or dispose of the beneficial rights of the trust of the beneficiary after the trust is created:

(一)受益人對委托人有重大侵權行為；

1. The beneficiary seriously infringes upon the rights of the trustor;

(二)受益人對其他共同受益人有重大侵權行為；

2. The beneficiary seriously infringes upon the rights of any of the other joint beneficiaries;

(三)經受益人同意；

(III) With the approval of the beneficiary; and

(四)信托文件規定的其他情形。

(IV) Other circumstances prescribed in the trust documents.

有前款第(一)項、第(三)項、第(四)項所列情形之一的，委托人可以解除信托。

The trustor may rescind the trust under one of the circumstances listed in items 1, 3, and 4 of the above clause.

第五十二條   信托不因委托人或者受托人的死亡、喪失民事行為能力、依法解散、被依法撤銷或者被宣告破產而終止，也不因受托人的辭任而終止。但本法或者信托文件另有規定的除外。

Article 52 The trust shall not be terminated if the trustor or the trustee dies, loses civil capacity, or is dissolved, canceled or declared bankrupt in accordance with law, neither shall the trust be terminated due to the resignation of the trustee. But if it is otherwise provided for in this Law or in the trust documents.

第五十三條   有下列情形之一的，信托終止：

Article 53 The trust shall be terminated under any of the following circumstances:

(一)信托文件規定的終止事由發生；

1. Any of the causes for termination as prescribed in the trust documents happens;

(二)信托的存續違反信托目的；

2. The continuous existence of the trust goes against the trust purpose;

(三)信托目的已經實現或者不能實現；

3. The purposes of the trust have been realized or cannot be realized at all;

(四)信托當事人協商同意；

(IV) The parties of the trust agree so after negotiation;

(五)信托被撤銷；

(V) the trust is revoked; or

(六)信托被解除。

(VI) The trust is rescinded.

第五十四條   信托終止的，信托財產歸屬於信托文件規定的人；信托文件未規定的，按下列順序確定歸屬：

Article 54 The trust property shall belong to the person prescribed in the trust documents when the trust terminates; if there are no relevant provisions in the trust documents, the attribution of the trust property shall be determined in the following order:

(一)受益人或者其繼承人；

1. The beneficiary or its heritor;

(二)委托人或者其繼承人。

(II) The trustor or its heritor;

第五十五條   依照前條規定，信托財產的歸屬確定後，在該信托財產轉移給權利歸屬人的過程中，信托視為存續，權利歸屬人視為受益人。

Article 55 After the attribution of the trust property is determined according to the preceding article, the trust is deemed as existing and continuing during the process when the trust property is transferred to the person who has the right to own the property, and the person is deemed as the beneficiary.

第五十六條   信托終止後，人民法院依據本法第十七條的規定對原信托財產進行強制執行的，以權利歸屬人為被執行人。

Article 56 If the people's court enforces the original trust property according to the provisions of Article 17 of this Law after the trust terminates, the person who has the right to own the trust property is the person against whom the order is to be executed.

第五十七條   信托終止後，受托人依照本法規定行使請求給付報酬、從信托財產中獲得補償的權利時，可以留置信托財產或者對信托財產的權利歸屬人提出請求。

Article 57 After the termination of the trust, the trustee may, when exercising the rights to get remuneration and get compensation from the trust property according to the provisions of this law, retain the trust property or make claims to the person who has the right to own the trust property.

第五十八條   信托終止的，受托人應當作出處理信托事務的清算報告。受益人或者信托財產的權利歸屬人對清算報告無異議的，受托人就清算報告所列事項解除責任。但受托人有不正當行為的除外。

Article 58 The trustee shall make a liquidation report on the handling of the trust affairs if the trust terminates. If the beneficiary or the person who has the rights of the trust property has no objection, the liabilities of the trustee of the matters listed in the liquidation report shall be relieved. However, the agent conducts itself in an improper manner.

第六章 公益信托

Chapter 6 Public Trust

第五十九條   公益信托適用本章規定。本章未規定的，適用本法及其他相關法律的規定。

Article 59 The provisions of this chapter apply to charitable trusts. For matters not covered in this Chapter, the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws shall apply.

第六十條   為了下列公共利益目的之一而設立的信托，屬於公益信托：

Article 60 A trust established for any of the following purposes of public interests shall be a public trust:

(一)救濟貧困；

1. poverty relief;

(二)救助災民；

2. Disaster relief.

(三)扶助殘疾人；

(III) Assisting the disabled;

(四)發展教育、科技、文化、藝術、體育事業；

(IV) Developing education, science and technology, culture, art and sports;

(五)發展醫療衛生事業；

(V) Development of medical and health undertakings;

(六)發展環境保護事業，維護生態環境；

(VI) Developing environmental protection undertakings and maintaining the ecological environment; and

(七)發展其他社會公益事業。

(VII) Developing other public undertakings of the society.

第六十一條   國家鼓勵發展公益信托。

Article 61 The State encourages the development of charitable trusts.

第六十二條   公益信托的設立和確定其受托人，應當經有關公益事業的管理機構(以下簡稱公益事業管理機構)批準。

Article 62 The establishment of a charitable trust and the appointment of trustees shall be subject to the approval of the regulatory agency of relevant public undertakings (hereinafter referred to as regulatory agency of public undertakings).

未經公益事業管理機構的批準，不得以公益信托的名義進行活動。

No individual or entity may act in the name of public trust without the approval of the regulatory agency of public undertakings.

公益事業管理機構對於公益信托活動應當給予支持。

The regulatory agency of public undertakings shall give support to the activities of charitable trust.

第六十三條   公益信托的信托財產及其收益，不得用於非公益目的。

Article 63 The trust property of public trust and its proceeds must not be used for non-public purposes.

第六十四條   公益信托應當設置信托監察人。

Article 64 There shall be trust supervisors for charitable trusts.

信托監察人由信托文件規定。信托文件未規定的，由公益事業管理機構指定。

The trust supervisor shall be prescribed in the trust documents. If there are no relevant provisions in the trust documents, the regulatory agency of public undertakings shall appoint the trust supervisor.

第六十五條   信托監察人有權以自己的名義，為維護受益人的利益，提起訴訟或者實施其他法律行為。

Article 65 The trust supervisor has the right to institute an action or carry out other legal acts in his own name in order to protect the interests of the beneficiary.

第六十六條   公益信托的受托人未經公益事業管理機構批準，不得辭任。

Article 66. Trustees of charitable trusts must not resign without the approval of the public welfare administrative body.

第六十七條   公益事業管理機構應當檢查受托人處理公益信托事務的情況及財產狀況。

Article 67 The regulatory agency shall inspect how the trustee handles the charitable trust affairs and the status of the property.

受托人應當至少每年一次作出信托事務處理情況及財產狀況報告，經信托監察人認可後，報公益事業管理機構核準，並由受托人予以公告。

The trustee shall make at least one report on the handling of trust affairs and the status of the property each year, and submit to the regulatory agency of public undertakings for approval after being recognized by the trust supervisor, and the trustee shall make public announcement of the report.

第六十八條   公益信托的受托人違反信托義務或者無能力履行其職責的，由公益事業管理機構變更受托人。

Article 68 The regulatory agency of public undertakings shall change the trustee if the trustee of public trust violates the trust obligations or doesn't have the capacity to perform his duties.

第六十九條   公益信托成立後，發生設立信托時不能預見的情形，公益事業管理機構可以根據信托目的，變更信托文件中的有關條款。

Article 69 After a charitable trust is established, the regulatory agency of public undertakings may change relevant clauses of the trust documents on the basis of purposes of the trust if any of the circumstances that can't be anticipated when the trust is established occurs.

第七十條   公益信托終止的，受托人應當於終止事由發生之日起十五日內，將終止事由和終止日期報告公益事業管理機構。

Article 70 If the public trust terminates, the trustee shall report the causes of termination and the date of termination to the regulatory agency of public undertakings within 15 days since the causes of termination happen.

第七十一條   公益信托終止的，受托人作出的處理信托事務的清算報告，應當經信托監察人認可後，報公益事業管理機構核準，並由受托人予以公告。

Article 71 If the public trust terminates, the liquidation report on the handling of trust affairs made by the trustee shall be reported to the regulatory agency of public undertakings for ratification after the trust supervisor recognizes, and the trustee shall make public announcement.

第七十二條   公益信托終止，沒有信托財產權利歸屬人或者信托財產權利歸屬人是不特定的社會公眾的，經公益事業管理機構批準，受托人應當將信托財產用於與原公益目的相近似的目的，或者將信托財產轉移給具有近似目的的公益組織或者其他公益信托。

Article 72 If there is not a person who has the right to own the trust property or it is the unspecified public that have the right to own the trust property when the charitable trust terminates, the trustee shall utilize the trust property for the former purposes of public interests or similar purposes, or transfer the trust property to the public organization that has similar purposes or other charitable trusts with the approval of the regulatory agency of public undertakings.

第七十三條   公益事業管理機構違反本法規定的，委托人、受托人或者受益人有權向人民法院起訴。

Article 73 The trustor, the trustee or the beneficiary has the right to raise an action at the people's court if the regulatory agency violates the provisions of the Law.

第七章 附 則

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

第七十四條   本法自2001年10月1日起施行。

Article 74 This Law shall go into effect as of October 1, 2001.