法律文本

中華人民共和國中國人民銀行法（2003修正）

Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China (Revised in 2003)

(1995年3月18日第八屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議通過 根據2003年12月27日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第六次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國中國人民銀行法〉的決定》修正）

(Adopted at the 3rd session of the 8th National People 's Congress on March 18, 1995, and amended according to the Decision on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China adopted at the 6th session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress on December 27, 2003)

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了確立中國人民銀行的地位，明確其職責，保證國家貨幣政策的正確制定和執行，建立和完善中央銀行宏觀調控體系，維護金融穩定，制定本法。

Article 1. This Law is formulated for the purposes of defining the status of the People's Bank of China, clarifying its functions, ensuring proper formulation and implementation of State monetary policies, establishing and improving upon the macro-control system of the central bank and safeguarding of financial stability.

第二條   中國人民銀行是中華人民共和國的中央銀行。

Article 2 The People's Bank of China shall be the central bank of the People's Republic of China.

中國人民銀行在國務院領導下，制定和執行貨幣政策，防範和化解金融風險，維護金融穩定。

The People's Bank of China shall, under the leadership of the State Council, formulate and implement monetary policies, prevent and eliminate financial risks, and maintain financial stability.

第三條   貨幣政策目標是保持貨幣幣值的穩定，並以此促進經濟增長。

Article 3 The aim of monetary policies is to maintain the stability of the value of the currency and thereby promote economic growth.

第四條   中國人民銀行履行下列職責：

Article 4 The People's Bank of China shall perform the following functions:

（一）發布與履行其職責有關的命令和規章；

1. to promulgate and carry out the orders and regulations related to its functions and responsibilities;

（二）依法制定和執行貨幣政策；

2. formulate and implement monetary policies in accordance with the law;

（三）發行人民幣，管理人民幣流通；

(III) to issue Renminbi (RMB) and control its circulation;

（四）監督管理銀行間同業拆借市場和銀行間債券市場；

(IV) to supervise and administer the inter-bank lending market and the inter-bank bond market;

（五）實施外匯管理，監督管理銀行間外匯市場；

(V) Conducting administration on foreign exchange, and supervising inter-bank foreign exchange market;

（六）監督管理黃金市場；

(VI) to supervise and administer the gold market;

（七）持有、管理、經營國家外匯儲備、黃金儲備；

(VII) to hold, administer and manage the state foreign exchange reserve and gold reserve;

（八）經理國庫；

(VIII) Managing the state treasury;

（九）維護支付、清算系統的正常運行；

(IX) to maintain the normal operation of the systems for payments and settlements of accounts;

（十）指導、部署金融業反洗錢工作，負責反洗錢的資金監測；

(X) Guiding and arranging the anti-money laundering work in the financial industry, taking charge of capital surveillance and measurement over anti-money laundering;

（十一）負責金融業的統計、調查、分析和預測；

(XI) be responsible for statistics, investigation, analysis and forecasting for the banking industry;

（十二）作為國家的中央銀行，從事有關的國際金融活動；

(XII) to engage in relevant international financial activities in its capacity as the central bank of the State; and

（十三）國務院規定的其他職責。

(XIII) other functions as prescribed by the State Council.

中國人民銀行為執行貨幣政策，可以依照本法第四章的有關規定從事金融業務活動。

In order to implement monetary policies, the People's Bank of China may carry out financial operations in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter IV of this Law.

第五條   中國人民銀行就年度貨幣供應量、利率、匯率和國務院規定的其他重要事項作出的決定，報國務院批準後執行。

Article 5 The People's Bank of China shall report its decisions to the State Council for approval concerning the annual money supply, interest rates, foreign exchange rates and other important matters specified by the State Council before they are implemented.

中國人民銀行就前款規定以外的其他有關貨幣政策事項作出決定後，即予執行，並報國務院備案。

The People's Bank of China shall immediately implement decisions on monetary policies for matters other than those specified in the preceding paragraph, and report them to the State Council for the record.

第六條   中國人民銀行應當向全國人民代表大會常務委員會提出有關貨幣政策情況和金融業運行情況的工作報告。

Article 6 The People's Bank of China shall submit work reports to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on matters concerning monetary policies and the operations of the financial industry.

第七條   中國人民銀行在國務院領導下依法獨立執行貨幣政策，履行職責，開展業務，不受地方政府、各級政府部門、社會團體和個人的幹涉。

Article 7 The People's Bank of China shall, under the leadership of the State Council, independently implement monetary policies, perform its functions and carry out its operations according to law and be free from intervention by local governments, government departments at various levels, public organizations or individuals.

第八條   中國人民銀行的全部資本由國家出資，屬於國家所有。

Article 8 All capital of the People's Bank of China is invested by the State and owned by the State.

第九條   國務院建立金融監督管理協調機制，具體辦法由國務院規定。

Article 9 The State Council shall establish a coordinating mechanism for financial supervision and administration. The specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

第二章 組織機構

Chapter 2 Organizational Structure

第十條   中國人民銀行設行長一人，副行長若幹人。

Article 10 The People's Bank of China shall have a Governor and a certain number of Deputy Governors.

中國人民銀行行長的人選，根據國務院總理的提名，由全國人民代表大會決定；全國人民代表大會閉會期間，由全國人民代表大會常務委員會決定，由中華人民共和國主席任免。中國人民銀行副行長由國務院總理任免。

The candidate for the Governor of the People's Bank of China shall be nominated by the Premier of the State Council and decided by the National People 's Congress; when the National People's Congress is not in session, decided by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and appointed or removed by the President of the People's Republic of China. The deputy governors of the People's Bank of China shall be appointed or removed by the Premier of the State Council.

第十一條   中國人民銀行實行行長負責制。行長領導中國人民銀行的工作，副行長協助行長工作。

Article 11 The People's Bank of China shall practice a system wherein the Governor shall assume overall responsibility. The Governor shall direct the work of PBC and the Deputy Governors shall assist the Governor in his or her work.

第十二條   中國人民銀行設立貨幣政策委員會。貨幣政策委員會的職責、組成和工作程序，由國務院規定，報全國人民代表大會常務委員會備案。

Article 12 The People's Bank of China shall establish a monetary policy committee. The functions, composition and working procedures of the monetary policy committee shall be stipulated by the State Council and reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for records.

中國人民銀行貨幣政策委員會應當在國家宏觀調控、貨幣政策制定和調整中，發揮重要作用。

The monetary policy committee of the People's Bank of China shall play an important role in the State macro -control, formulation and adjustment of monetary policies.

第十三條   中國人民銀行根據履行職責的需要設立分支機構，作為中國人民銀行的派出機構。中國人民銀行對分支機構實行統一領導和管理。

Article 13 The People's Bank of China shall, for the purpose of performing its functions, establish its branches as its representative organs. The People's Bank of China shall implement unified leadership and administration of its branches.

中國人民銀行的分支機構根據中國人民銀行的授權，維護本轄區的金融穩定，承辦有關業務。

The branches of the People's Bank of China shall, as authorized by the People's Bank of China, maintain the financial stability of their respective jurisdictions and handle relevant business operations.

第十四條   中國人民銀行的行長、副行長及其他工作人員應當恪盡職守，不得濫用職權、徇私舞弊，不得在任何金融機構、企業、基金會兼職。

Article 14 The governor, deputy governors and other staff of the People's Bank of China shall scrupulously abide by their duties; they may not abuse their power or conduct malpractice for private ends and they may not assume concurrent posts in any other banking institutions, enterprises or foundations.

第十五條   中國人民銀行的行長、副行長及其他工作人員，應當依法保守國家秘密，並有責任為與履行其職責有關的金融機構及當事人保守秘密。

Article 15 The Governor, Deputy Governors and other staff members of the People's Bank of China shall safeguard State secrets according to law and be obligated to safeguard the secrets of the banking institutions and parties concerned with their performance of duties.

第三章 人民幣

Chapter 3 Renminbi or RMB

第十六條   中華人民共和國的法定貨幣是人民幣。以人民幣支付中華人民共和國境內的一切公共的和私人的債務，任何單位和個人不得拒收。

Article 16 The legal tender of the People's Republic of China is Renminbi (RMB). Renminbi shall be used for repaying all public or private debts according to its face value within the territory of the People's Republic of China and not be whatsoever rejected by any organization or individual.

第十七條   人民幣的單位為元，人民幣輔幣單位為角、分。

Article 17 The basic unit of Renminbi is the yuan and the units of fractional currency of Renminbi are the jiao and the fen.

第十八條   人民幣由中國人民銀行統一印制、發行。

Article 18 Renminbi shall be printed, minted and issued solely by the People's Bank of China.

中國人民銀行發行新版人民幣，應當將發行時間、面額、圖案、式樣、規格予以公告。

The People's Bank of China shall make public announcement of the date, face values, designs, patterns and specifications of a new Renminbi issue.

第十九條   禁止偽造、變造人民幣。禁止出售、購買偽造、變造的人民幣。禁止運輸、持有、使用偽造、變造的人民幣。禁止故意毀損人民幣。禁止在宣傳品、出版物或者其他商品上非法使用人民幣圖樣。

Article 19 It is prohibited to counterfeit or alter Renminbi. Sale or purchase of counterfeit or altered Renminbi shall be prohibited. It is prohibited to transport, hold or use counterfeit or altered Renminbi. Vandalism of the Renminbi is prohibited. It is prohibited to illegally use the patterns of Renminbi in propaganda materials, publications or other commodities.

第二十條   任何單位和個人不得印制、發售代幣票券，以代替人民幣在市場上流通。

Article 20 No entity or individual may print or sell promissory notes as substitutes for Renminbi to circulate on the market.

第二十一條   殘缺、汙損的人民幣，按照中國人民銀行的規定兌換，並由中國人民銀行負責收回、銷毀。

Article 21 The damaged or soiled Renminbi shall be exchanged in accordance with the regulations of the People's Bank of China, which shall also be responsible to recall and destroy such Renminbi.

第二十二條   中國人民銀行設立人民幣發行庫，在其分支機構設立分支庫。分支庫調撥人民幣發行基金，應當按照上級庫的調撥命令辦理。任何單位和個人不得違反規定，動用發行基金。

Article 22 The People's Bank of China shall establish a Renminbi issue treasury and its branches shall establish subsidiary issue treasuries. The subsidiary issue treasuries shall, in allocating a Renminbi issue fund, act on the order of allocation from their superior treasury. No unit or individual may use the issue fund in violation of regulations.

第四章 業務

Chapter 4 Business

第二十三條   中國人民銀行為執行貨幣政策，可以運用下列貨幣政策工具：

Article 23 PBC may use the following instruments to implement its monetary policies:

（一）要求銀行業金融機構按照規定的比例交存存款準備金；

1. to require a banking financial institution to place a deposit reserve at a prescribed ratio;

（二）確定中央銀行基準利率；

2. To fix the base interest rates for the central bank;

（三）為在中國人民銀行開立賬戶的銀行業金融機構辦理再貼現；

(III) to handle the rediscount for the financial institutions of banking industry that have opened accounts in the People's Bank of China;

（四）向商業銀行提供貸款；

(IV) provision of loans to commercial banks;

（五）在公開市場上買賣國債、其他政府債券和金融債券及外匯；

(V) to deal in State bonds, other government bonds, and financial bonds and foreign exchange on the open market; and

（六）國務院確定的其他貨幣政策工具。

(VI) Other monetary policy instruments determined by the State Council.

中國人民銀行為執行貨幣政策，運用前款所列貨幣政策工具時，可以規定具體的條件和程序。

When applying the monetary policy instruments set forth in the preceding paragraph to implement monetary policies, the People's Bank of China may work out specific conditions and procedures.

第二十四條   中國人民銀行依照法律、行政法規的規定經理國庫。

Article 24 The People's Bank of China shall manage the State treasury in accordance with laws and administrative rules and regulations.

第二十五條   中國人民銀行可以代理國務院財政部門向各金融機構組織發行、兌付國債和其他政府債券。

Article 25 The People's Bank of China may, on behalf of the financial department under the State Council, issue to banking institutions, and honor State bonds and other government bonds.

第二十六條   中國人民銀行可以根據需要，為銀行業金融機構開立賬戶，但不得對銀行業金融機構的賬戶透支。

Article 26 The People's Bank of China may open accounts for financial institutions of the banking industry as needed, but may not allow them to overdraw.

第二十七條   中國人民銀行應當組織或者協助組織銀行業金融機構相互之間的清算系統，協調銀行業金融機構相互之間的清算事項，提供清算服務。具體辦法由中國人民銀行制定。

Article 27 The People's Bank of China shall organize or assist in organizing banking financial institutions in settling inter-institutional accounts, coordinating such activities and providing such services. The specific measures shall be formulated by the People's Bank of China.

中國人民銀行會同國務院銀行業監督管理機構制定支付結算規則。

The People's Bank of China shall, jointly with the banking regulatory authorities of the State Council, formulate the rules on payment and settlement.

第二十八條   中國人民銀行根據執行貨幣政策的需要，可以決定對商業銀行貸款的數額、期限、利率和方式，但貸款的期限不得超過一年。

Article 28 The People's Bank of China may, as required by the implementation of monetary policies, determine the amounts, term, interest rates and forms of loans extended to commercial banks, however, the maximum term of loans shall not exceed one year.

第二十九條   中國人民銀行不得對政府財政透支，不得直接認購、包銷國債和其他政府債券。

Article 29 The People's Bank of China may not make an overdraft for the government, and may not directly subscribe or underwrite State bonds or other government bonds.

第三十條   中國人民銀行不得向地方政府、各級政府部門提供貸款，不得向非銀行金融機構以及其他單位和個人提供貸款，但國務院決定中國人民銀行可以向特定的非銀行金融機構提供貸款的除外。

Article 30 The People's Bank of China may not provide loans to the local governments or governmental departments at various levels, to non-banking institutions, other units or individuals, with the exception of the specific non-banking institutions as decided by the State Council.

中國人民銀行不得向任何單位和個人提供擔保。

The People's Bank of China may not provide guaranty for any unit or individual.

第五章 金融監督管理

Chapter 5 Financial Supervision and Control

第三十一條   中國人民銀行依法監測金融市場的運行情況，對金融市場實施宏觀調控，促進其協調發展。

Article 31 The People's Bank of China shall, in accordance with law, monitor the operation of financial markets, conduct macro-control of such markets and promote their coordinated development.

第三十二條   中國人民銀行有權對金融機構以及其他單位和個人的下列行為進行檢查監督：

Article 32 The People's Bank of China shall have the power to inspect and supervise the following acts of the financial institutions, other units and individuals:

（一）執行有關存款準備金管理規定的行為；

1. Acts of implementing related provisions regarding the management of reserve against deposit.

（二）與中國人民銀行特種貸款有關的行為；

2. Acts relating to the special loans of the People's Bank of China;

（三）執行有關人民幣管理規定的行為；

(III) Acts of performing the provisions regarding Renminbi control;

（四）執行有關銀行間同業拆借市場、銀行間債券市場管理規定的行為；

4. Acts of performing related provisions regarding the management of the inter-bank borrowing or lending markets and the inter-bank bonds markets;

（五）執行有關外匯管理規定的行為；

(V) implementation of the regulations for control of foreign exchange;

（六）執行有關黃金管理規定的行為；

(VI) implementation of the regulations for control of gold;

（七）代理中國人民銀行經理國庫的行為；

(VII) Acts on behalf of the PBC of managing the state treasury;

（八）執行有關清算管理規定的行為；

(VIII) Acts of implementing relevant provisions regarding settlement management;

（九）執行有關反洗錢規定的行為。

(IX) Acts of performing related provisions regarding anti-money laundering.

前款所稱中國人民銀行特種貸款，是指國務院決定的由中國人民銀行向金融機構發放的用於特定目的的貸款。

The special loans mentioned in the preceding paragraph of this Article refer to the loans granted by the People's Bank of China to financial institutions for special purposes as determined by the State Council.

第三十三條   中國人民銀行根據執行貨幣政策和維護金融穩定的需要，可以建議國務院銀行業監督管理機構對銀行業金融機構進行檢查監督。國務院銀行業監督管理機構應當自收到建議之日起三十日內予以回複。

Article 33. The People's Bank of China may recommend that the banking supervision and administration authority of the State Council carry out inspection and supervision of financial institutions within the banking industry in accordance with the requirements for implementation of monetary policies and maintenance of financial stability. The banking regulatory authority of the State Council shall reply within 30 days from receipt of the recommendation.

第三十四條   當銀行業金融機構出現支付困難，可能引發金融風險時，為了維護金融穩定，中國人民銀行經國務院批準，有權對銀行業金融機構進行檢查監督。

Article 34 When financial institutions of the banking industry have difficulties in making payment that may trigger off financial risks, the People's Bank of China shall, with a view to maintaining financial stability, have the power to inspect and supervise the financial institutions of the banking industry with the approval of the State Council.

第三十五條   中國人民銀行根據履行職責的需要，有權要求銀行業金融機構報送必要的資產負債表、利潤表以及其他財務會計、統計報表和資料。

Article 35 The People's Bank of China shall, according to the needs to perform its duties, have the power to demand the financial institutions of the banking industry to submit the necessary balance sheets, profit statements and other financial, accounting and statistical reports and materials.

中國人民銀行應當和國務院銀行業監督管理機構、國務院其他金融監督管理機構建立監督管理信息共享機制。

The People's Bank of China, the banking regulatory authority under the State Council and other financial regulatory authorities under the State Council shall establish a mechanism to share supervisory information.

第三十六條   中國人民銀行負責統一編制全國金融統計數據、報表，並按照國家有關規定予以公布。

Article 36 The People's Bank of China shall be responsible for compiling unified statistics and accounting statements from the national banking system and shall publish them in accordance with relevant regulations of the State.

第三十七條   中國人民銀行應當建立、健全本系統的稽核、檢查制度，加強內部的監督管理。

Article 37 The People's Bank of China shall establish and perfect systems for its own examination and inspection and strengthen its own supervision and administration.

第六章 財務會計

Chapter 6 Financial Affairs and Accounting

第三十八條   中國人民銀行實行獨立的財務預算管理制度。

Article 38 The People's Bank of China shall exercise independent control over its financial budget.

中國人民銀行的預算經國務院財政部門審核後，納入中央預算，接受國務院財政部門的預算執行監督。

The budget of PBC shall be incorporated in the central budget after it has been examined and verified by the financial department of the State Council.

第三十九條   中國人民銀行每一會計年度的收入減除該年度支出，並按照國務院財政部門核定的比例提取總準備金後的淨利潤，全部上繳中央財政。

Article 39 The People's Bank of China shall, after withdrawing funds for its general reserve at a proportion determined by the financial department under the State Council, turn over to the State treasury the entire net profit remaining from its income in an accounting year minus its expenditures in the same period.

中國人民銀行的虧損由中央財政撥款彌補。

Losses sustained by PBC shall be made up by appropriations from the State treasury.

第四十條   中國人民銀行的財務收支和會計事務，應當執行法律、行政法規和國家統一的財務、會計制度，接受國務院審計機關和財政部門依法分別進行的審計和監督。

Article 40 The financial receipts and expenditures and accounting affairs of the People's Bank of China shall be governed by laws, administrative regulations and unified State financial and accounting systems and be subject to the auditing and supervision conducted, in accordance with law, separately by the audit institution and the financial department under the State Council.

第四十一條   中國人民銀行應當於每一會計年度結束後的三個月內，編制資產負債表、損益表和相關的財務會計報表，並編制年度報告，按照國家有關規定予以公布。

Article 41 The People's Bank of China shall, within three months after the end of every accounting year, complete balance sheets of its assets, statements of profit and loss and relevant financial and accounting reports, prepare its annual report and publish them in accordance with relevant regulations of the State.

中國人民銀行的會計年度自公曆１月１日起至１２月３１日止。

The fiscal year of the People's Bank of China begins on the first of January and ends on the thirty-first of December of the Gregorian calendar.

第七章 法律責任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

第四十二條   偽造、變造人民幣，出售偽造、變造的人民幣，或者明知是偽造、變造的人民幣而運輸，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，由公安機關處十五日以下拘留、一萬元以下罰款。

Article 42 Anyone who counterfeits or alters Renminbi, sells counterfeit or altered Renminbi or knowingly transports counterfeit or altered Renminbi, which is serious enough to constitute a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law; if the case is not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be put by a public security organ in detention of not more than 15 days and imposed with a fine of not more than 10,000 yuan.

第四十三條   購買偽造、變造的人民幣或者明知是偽造、變造的人民幣而持有、使用，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，由公安機關處十五日以下拘留、一萬元以下罰款。

Article 43 Anyone who buys counterfeit or altered Renminbi or knowingly holds or uses counterfeit or altered or illegally printed or minted Renminbi shall, if the case constitutes a crime, be investigated for criminal responsibilities or, if the case does not constitute a crime, be punished by the public security organ with a detention of no more than 15 days and a fine of no more than RMB 10,000.

第四十四條   在宣傳品、出版物或者其他商品上非法使用人民幣圖樣的，中國人民銀行應當責令改正，並銷毀非法使用的人民幣圖樣，沒收違法所得，並處五萬元以下罰款。

Article 44 If anyone illegally uses the patterns of Renminbi in propaganda materials, publications or other commodities, the People's Bank of China shall order him to set it right and shall destroy the illegally used patterns of Renminbi, confiscate the illegal gains and impose a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan.

第四十五條   印制、發售代幣票券，以代替人民幣在市場上流通的，中國人民銀行應當責令停止違法行為，並處二十萬元以下罰款。

Article 45 In the event that anyone prints or sells promissory notes as substitutes for Renminbi for circulation on the open market, PBC shall order to cease the illegal practice and impose a fine of no more than RMB 200,000.

第四十六條   本法第三十二條所列行為違反有關規定，有關法律、行政法規有處罰規定的，依照其規定給予處罰；有關法律、行政法規未作處罰規定的，由中國人民銀行區別不同情形給予警告，沒收違法所得，違法所得五十萬元以上的，並處違法所得一倍以上五倍以下罰款；沒有違法所得或者違法所得不足五十萬元的，處五十萬元以上二百萬元以下罰款；對負有直接責任的董事、高級管理人員和其他直接責任人員給予警告，處五萬元以上五十萬元以下罰款；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 46. Persons guilty of violation of relevant regulations in the course of undertaking any of the activities stipulated in Article 32 shall be subject to penalties stipulated by the relevant laws and administrative regulations. Where the relevant laws and administrative regulations do not stipulate penalties, the People's Bank of China shall issue a warning based on the circumstances and confiscate the illegal income. Where the amount of illegal income is RMB500,000 or more, a fine ranging from 2 to 5 times the amount of illegal income shall be imposed. Where there is no illegal income or the amount of illegal income is less than RMB500,000, a fine ranging from RMB500,000 to RMB2 million shall be imposed. The directors and senior management personnel and other personnel who are directly responsible shall be issued a warning and be subject to a fine ranging from RMB50,000 to RMB500,000. Where the case constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with laws.

第四十七條   當事人對行政處罰不服的，可以依照《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》的規定提起行政訴訟。

Article 47. A party which disagrees with an administrative penalty may initiate administrative litigation in accordance with the Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China.

第四十八條   中國人民銀行有下列行為之一的，對負有直接責任的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任：

Article 48 If the People's Bank of China commits any of the following acts, the persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for the offense shall be subject to administrative sanctions according to law; if the case constitutes a crime, the offenders shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law:

（一）違反本法第三十條第一款的規定提供貸款的；

1. to provide a loan in violation of the provisions in the first paragraph of Article 30;

（二）對單位和個人提供擔保的；

(II) provision of guarantee to an entity or individual; or

（三）擅自動用發行基金的。

(III) use the issue fund without authorization.

有前款所列行為之一，造成損失的，負有直接責任的主管人員和其他直接責任人員應當承擔部分或者全部賠償責任。

If any of the acts specified in the preceding paragraph causes losses, the persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for the offense shall be partially or wholly liable for the losses.

第四十九條   地方政府、各級政府部門、社會團體和個人強令中國人民銀行及其工作人員違反本法第三十條的規定提供貸款或者擔保的，對負有直接責任的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；造成損失的，應當承擔部分或者全部賠償責任。

Article 49 Where any local government or government department at any level, public organization or individual forcibly demands the People's Bank of China or any of its staff members to provide a loan or a guaranty in violation of the provisions in Article 30 of this Law, the persons directly in charge and other persons who are directly responsible for the offense shall be subject to administrative sanctions in accordance with the law; if the case constitutes a crime, the offenders shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; if losses are caused, the offenders shall be partially or wholly liable for the losses.

第五十條   中國人民銀行的工作人員泄露國家秘密或者所知悉的商業秘密，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，依法給予行政處分。

Article 50 If any staff member of the People's Bank of China divulges State secrets or the business secrets he knows, which is serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; if the case is not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be subject to administrative sanction according to law.

第五十一條   中國人民銀行的工作人員貪汙受賄、徇私舞弊、濫用職權、玩忽職守，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，依法給予行政處分。

Article 51. Personnel of the People's Bank of China guilty of embezzlement or bribery, favouritism or other irregularities, abuse of authority or dereliction of duties shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with laws where the case constitutes a criminal offence. Administrative sanctions shall be imposed in accordance with laws where the case does not constitute a criminal offence.

第八章 附則

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第五十二條   本法所稱銀行業金融機構，是指在中華人民共和國境內設立的商業銀行、城市信用合作社、農村信用合作社等吸收公眾存款的金融機構以及政策性銀行。

Article 52 For the purposes of this Law, the term "banking financial institutions" shall mean financial institutions established in the People's Republic of China that take deposits from the general public, including, among others, commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives and rural credit cooperatives, and policy banks.

在中華人民共和國境內設立的金融資產管理公司、信托投資公司、財務公司、金融租賃公司以及經國務院銀行業監督管理機構批準設立的其他金融機構，適用本法對銀行業金融機構的規定。

The provisions of this Law pertaining to banking institutions apply to the financial asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance companies, and financial leasing companies established in the People's Republic of China and other financial institutions established with the approval of the banking regulatory authority under the State Council.

第五十三條   本法自公布之日起施行。

Article 53 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.