法律文本

中華人民共和國海域使用管理法

Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Sea Area Use

主席令第六十一號

Presidential Decree No. 61

《中華人民共和國海域使用管理法》已由中華人民共和國第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議於2001年10月27日通過，現予公布，自2002年1月1日起施行。

The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Sea Areas has been adopted at the 24th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on October 27, 2001 and is hereby promulgated for implementation as of January 1, 2002.

中華人民共和國主席 江澤民

President of the PRC: Jiang Zemin

二００一年十月二十七日

27 October 2001

(2001年10月27日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議通過)

(Adopted at the 24th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on October 27, 2001)

目錄

Contents

  第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

  第二章 海洋功能區劃

Chapter 2 Marine Function Zoning

  第三章 海域使用的申請與審批

Chapter III Application for, Examination and Approval of the Use of Sea Areas

  第四章 海域使用權

Chapter 4 The Right to Use Sea Areas

  第五章 海域使用金

Chapter 5 Fees for the Use of Sea Areas

  第六章 監督檢查

Chapter 6 Supervision and Inspection

  第七章 法律責任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

  第八章 附 則

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了加強海域使用管理，維護國家海域所有權和海域使用權人的合法權益，促進海域的合理開發和可持續利用，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of strengthening the administration of the use of sea areas, safeguarding State ownership of the sea areas and the lawful rights and interests of the sea area users, promoting rational development and sustainable utilization of the sea areas.

第二條   本法所稱海域，是指中華人民共和國內水、領海的水面、水體、海床和底土。

Article 2 For the purpose of this Law, the sea areas refer to the inland waters, the surface, water volume, seabed and subsoil of the territorial seas.

本法所稱內水，是指中華人民共和國領海基線向陸地一側至海岸線的海域。

The inland waters in this Law refer to the sea areas extending from the landward side of the territorial seas of the People's Republic of China to the coastline.

在中華人民共和國內水、領海持續使用特定海域三個月以上的排他性用海活動，適用本法。

This Law shall be applicable to any exclusive activities relating to the continuous use of a specific sea area over three months within the inland waters or territorial seas of the People's Republic of China.

第三條   海域屬於國家所有，國務院代表國家行使海域所有權。任何單位或者個人不得侵占、買賣或者以其他形式非法轉讓海域。

Article 3 The sea areas are owned by the State, and the State Council exercises the right of ownership in the sea areas on behalf of the State. No entity or individual may seize, buy or sell the sea areas or illegally transfer them in other ways.

單位和個人使用海域，必須依法取得海域使用權。

Any entity or individual that intends to use the sea areas is required to obtain the right to their use in accordance with law.

第四條   國家實行海洋功能區劃制度。海域使用必須符合海洋功能區劃。

Article 4 The State applies the system for marine function zoning. The use of sea areas shall be in conformity with the marine function zoning.

國家嚴格管理填海、圍海等改變海域自然屬性的用海活動。

The State exercises strict control over the activities relating to the use of the sea areas that alter their natural attributes, such as reclamation from or enclosing them.

第五條   國家建立海域使用管理信息系統，對海域使用狀況實施監視、監測。

Article 5 The State establishes an information system for the administration of the use of sea areas in order to oversee and monitor the use of the sea areas.

第六條   國家建立海域使用權登記制度，依法登記的海域使用權受法律保護。

Article 6 The State establishes a registration system for the right to the use of sea areas. Such right shall, once registered in accordance with law, be protected by law.

國家建立海域使用統計制度，定期發布海域使用統計資料。

The State establishes a statistics system for the use of the sea areas and periodically issues the statistics of such.

第七條   國務院海洋行政主管部門負責全國海域使用的監督管理。沿海縣級以上地方人民政府海洋行政主管部門根據授權，負責本行政區毗鄰海域使用的監督管理。

Article 7 The department in charge of marine administration under the State Council shall be responsible for supervision over the use of the sea areas nationwide. The departments in charge of marine administration under the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, as authorized, be responsible for supervision over the use of the sea areas adjacent to their administrative regions respectively.

漁業行政主管部門依照《中華人民共和國漁業法》，對海洋漁業實施監督管理。

The department in charge of marine administration shall, in accordance with the Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China, conduct supervision over marine fishery.

海事管理機構依照《中華人民共和國海上交通安全法》，對海上交通安全實施監督管理。

The maritime administration authority shall exercise supervision over maritime traffic safety in accordance with the Maritime Traffic Safety Law of the People's Republic of China.

第八條   任何單位和個人都有遵守海域使用管理法律、法規的義務，並有權對違反海域使用管理法律、法規的行為提出檢舉和控告。

Article 8 All entities and individuals are obligated to abide by the laws and regulations on the administration of the use of the sea areas and have the right to report violations of such laws and regulations and bring complaints about them.

第九條   在保護和合理利用海域以及進行有關的科學研究等方面成績顯著的單位和個人，由人民政府給予獎勵。

Article 9 People's governments shall reward the entities and individuals that have achieved outstanding successes in protecting and rationally utilizing the sea areas and in scientific research in this field.

第二章 海洋功能區劃

Chapter 2 Marine Function Zoning

第十條   國務院海洋行政主管部門會同國務院有關部門和沿海省、自治區、直轄市人民政府，編制全國海洋功能區劃。

Article 10 The department in charge of marine administration under the State Council shall, in conjunction with the departments concerned and the people's governments of coastal provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government work out marine function zoning plans.

沿海縣級以上地方人民政府海洋行政主管部門會同本級人民政府有關部門，依據上一級海洋功能區劃，編制地方海洋功能區劃。

The departments in charge of marine administration under the coastal local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in conjunction with the departments concerned of the people's governments at the same level, work out the local marine function zoning plans on the basis of such plans worked out at the next higher level.

第十一條   海洋功能區劃按照下列原則編制：

Article 11 Marine function zoning plans shall be worked out on the following principles:

(一)按照海域的區位、自然資源和自然環境等自然屬性，科學確定海域功能；

1. scientifically defining the functions of the sea areas in light of such natural attributes as their geographical location, natural resources and natural environment;

(二)根據經濟和社會發展的需要，統籌安排各有關行業用海；

2. making overall arrangements for the use of sea areas among various related sectors according to the needs of economic and social development;

(三)保護和改善生態環境，保障海域可持續利用，促進海洋經濟的發展；

3. protecting and improving the ecological environment, ensuring the sustainable utilization of sea areas and promoting the development of the marine economy;

(四)保障海上交通安全；

(IV) safeguarding maritime traffic safety; and

(五)保障國防安全，保證軍事用海需要。

5. safeguarding the security of national defense and guaranteeing the needs in the military use of the sea areas.

第十二條   海洋功能區劃實行分級審批。

Article 12 Marine function zoning plans shall be subject to examination and approval at different levels.

全國海洋功能區劃，報國務院批準。

The national marine function zoning plan shall be submitted to the State Council for approval.

沿海省、自治區、直轄市海洋功能區劃，經該省、自治區、直轄市人民政府審核同意後，報國務院批準。

The marine function zoning plan of a coastal province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall, after examination and consent by the people's government of the said province, autonomous region or municipality, be submitted to the State Council for approval.

沿海市、縣海洋功能區劃，經該市、縣人民政府審核同意後，報所在的省、自治區、直轄市人民政府批準，報國務院海洋行政主管部門備案。

The marine function zoning plan of a coastal city or county shall, after examination and consent by the people's government of the said city or county, be submitted for approval to the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government where the city or county is located, and reported to the department in charge of marine administration under the State Council for the record.

第十三條   海洋功能區劃的修改，由原編制機關會同同級有關部門提出修改方案，報原批準機關批準；未經批準，不得改變海洋功能區劃確定的海域功能。

Article 13 With regard to alteration of a marine function zoning, a proposal for alteration shall be put forward by the department that works out the plan for the zoning, in conjunction with the departments concerned at the same level, for approval by the original approving department. In the absence of such approval, no functions of the sea areas defined by the marine function zoning may be altered.

經國務院批準，因公共利益、國防安全或者進行大型能源、交通等基礎設施建設，需要改變海洋功能區劃的，根據國務院的批準文件修改海洋功能區劃。

Where marine function zoning that needs to be altered for public interests, security of national defense or construction of large-scale energy, traffic or other infrastructures shall be subject to approval by the State Council, and the alteration shall be made according to the documents of approval issued by the State Council.

第十四條   海洋功能區劃經批準後，應當向社會公布；但是，涉及國家秘密的部分除外。

Article 14 A marine function zoning plan shall, upon approval, be made known to the public except for the parts relating to State secrets.

第十五條   養殖、鹽業、交通、旅遊等行業規劃涉及海域使用的，應當符合海洋功能區劃。

Article 15 Plans for trades such as aquaculture, salt industry, communications and tourism that involve the use of sea areas shall be made in conformity with the marine function zoning.

沿海土地利用總體規劃、城市規劃、港口規劃涉及海域使用的，應當與海洋功能區劃相銜接。

The overall plan for the utilization of coastal land, urban planning and port planning that involve the use of sea areas shall be dovetailed with the marine function zoning.

第三章 海域使用的申請與審批

Chapter III Application for, Examination and Approval of the Use of Sea Areas

第十六條   單位和個人可以向縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門申請使用海域。

Article 16 Any entity or individual may apply to the department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level for the use of sea areas.

申請使用海域的，申請人應當提交下列書面材料：

When applying for using sea areas, the applicant shall submit the following written materials:

(一)海域使用申請書；

1. An application for using sea areas;

(二)海域使用論證材料；

(II) materials demonstrating the use of sea areas;

(三)相關的資信證明材料；

(III) relevant credit certification materials; and

(四)法律、法規規定的其他書面材料。

(IV) Other written materials stipulated by laws and regulations.

第十七條   縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門依據海洋功能區劃，對海域使用申請進行審核，並依照本法和省、自治區、直轄市人民政府的規定，報有批準權的人民政府批準。

Article 17 The department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level shall, on the basis of the marine function zoning, examine applications for the use of sea areas, and shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and the regulations of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government, submit the applications for approval to the people's government invested with the approval authority.

海洋行政主管部門審核海域使用申請，應當征求同級有關部門的意見。

When examining applications for the use of sea areas, the department in charge of marine administration shall solicit opinions from the departments concerned at the same level.

第十八條   下列項目用海，應當報國務院審批：

Article 18 The use of sea for the following projects shall be subject to examination and approval by the State Council:

(一)填海五十公頃以上的項目用海；

1. a project that involves filling of more than 50 ha. of a sea area;

(二)圍海一百公頃以上的項目用海；

2. a project that involves enclosure of more than 100 ha. of a sea area;

(三)不改變海域自然屬性的用海七百公頃以上的項目用海；

3. a project that involves the use of more than 700 ha. of a sea area without altering the natural attributes of the areas;

(四)國家重大建設項目用海；

(IV) major national construction projects; and

(五)國務院規定的其他項目用海。

5. other projects specified by the State Council.

前款規定以外的項目用海的審批權限，由國務院授權省、自治區、直轄市人民政府規定。

The authority for examination and approval of the use of sea areas for projects other than the ones specified in the preceding paragraph shall, with the authorization of the State Council, be defined by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

第四章 海域使用權

Chapter 4 The Right to Use Sea Areas

第十九條   海域使用申請經依法批準後，國務院批準用海的，由國務院海洋行政主管部門登記造冊，向海域使用申請人頒發海域使用權證書；地方人民政府批準用海的，由地方人民政府登記造冊，向海域使用申請人頒發海域使用權證書。海域使用申請人自領取海域使用權證書之日起，取得海域使用權。

Article 19 Where the use of a sea area is approved by the State Council after the application for its use is approved in accordance with law, it shall be registered with the department in charge of marine administration under the State Council, which shall issue to the applicant the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas; where the use of a sea area is approved by a local people's government, it shall be registered with the said government, which shall issue to the applicant the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas. The applicant shall, beginning from the date he receives the certificate, obtain the right to the use of the sea area.

第二十條   海域使用權除依照本法第十九條規定的方式取得外，也可以通過招標或者拍賣的方式取得。招標或者拍賣方案由海洋行政主管部門制訂，報有審批權的人民政府批準後組織實施。海洋行政主管部門制訂招標或者拍賣方案，應當征求同級有關部門的意見。

Article 20 Apart from the manners in which to obtain the right to the use of sea areas in accordance with the provisions of Article 19 of this Law, such right may also be obtained through bidding or auction. The plan for bidding or auction shall be formulated by the department in charge of marine administration and submitted to the people's government invested with the examination and approval authority for approval before it is implemented. When formulating the plan for bidding or auction, the department in charge of marine administration shall solicit opinions from the departments concerned at the same level.

招標或者拍賣工作完成後，依法向中標人或者買受人頒發海域使用權證書。中標人或者買受人自領取海域使用權證書之日起，取得海域使用權。

Once the bidding or auction is completed, the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas shall be issued to the winning bidder or the vendee. The winning bidder or the vendee shall, beginning from the date he receives the certificate, obtain the right to the use of the sea area.

第二十一條   頒發海域使用權證書，應當向社會公告。

Article 21 Issuance of the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas shall be made known to the public.

頒發海域使用權證書，除依法收取海域使用金外，不得收取其他費用。

No fees other than the royalty for using sea areas may be lawfully charged for the granting of certificates of right to use sea areas.

海域使用權證書的發放和管理辦法，由國務院規定。

Measures for issuance and administration of the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas shall be formulated by the State Council.

第二十二條   本法施行前，已經由農村集體經濟組織或者村民委員會經營、管理的養殖用海，符合海洋功能區劃的，經當地縣級人民政府核準，可以將海域使用權確定給該農村集體經濟組織或者村民委員會，由本集體經濟組織的成員承包，用於養殖生產。

Article 22 Where, prior to implementation of this Law, sea areas are already used for aquaculture under the operation and administration of rural collective economic organizations or villagers committees, if it conforms to marine function zoning, the right to the use of such sea areas may, upon examination and approval by the local people's government at the county level, be granted to the rural collective economic organizations or villagers committees. Members of the collective economic organizations may contract to use such areas for aquaculture.

第二十三條   海域使用權人依法使用海域並獲得收益的權利受法律保護，任何單位和個人不得侵犯。

Article 23 The right of the owners of the right to the use of sea areas to utilize the areas and to get profits in accordance with law shall be protected by law; no entity or individual may infringe upon their right.

海域使用權人有依法保護和合理使用海域的義務；海域使用權人對不妨害其依法使用海域的非排他性用海活動，不得阻撓。

Owners of the right to the use of sea areas are obligated to protect and rationally utilize the sea areas in accordance with law. They may not impede the non-exclusive use of sea areas that does not interfere with their use of the sea areas in accordance with law.

第二十四條   海域使用權人在使用海域期間，未經依法批準，不得從事海洋基礎測繪。

Article 24 During the period when they use the sea areas, no owners of the right to the use of sea areas may, without approval according to law, engage in marine basic mapping.

海域使用權人發現所使用海域的自然資源和自然條件發生重大變化時，應當及時報告海洋行政主管部門。

When owners of the right to the use of sea areas find that a major change has occurred in the natural resources and conditions of the areas they are using, they shall, without delay, report the matter to the departments in charge of marine administration.

第二十五條   海域使用權最高期限，按照下列用途確定：

Article 25 The maximum term for using sea areas shall be defined according to the following purposes:

(一)養殖用海十五年；

1. 15 years for aquaculture;

(二)拆船用海二十年；

2. 20 years for ship dismantling;

(三)旅遊、娛樂用海二十五年；

3. 25 years for tourism and recreation;

(四)鹽業、礦業用海三十年；

4. 30 years for the salt and mining industries;

(五)公益事業用海四十年；

(V) 40 years for public interests;

(六)港口、修造船廠等建設工程用海五十年。

(VI) 50 years for construction of ports, shipyards and other projects.

第二十六條   海域使用權期限屆滿，海域使用權人需要繼續使用海域的，應當至遲於期限屆滿前二個月向原批準用海的人民政府申請續期。除根據公共利益或者國家安全需要收回海域使用權的外，原批準用海的人民政府應當批準續期。準予續期的，海域使用權人應當依法繳納續期的海域使用金。

Article 26 Where at the expiration of the period for the right to the use of the sea areas, the owner of the right needs to continue to use the area, he shall, no later than two months prior to the expiration date, apply for extension to the people's government that originally gives approval. Except where it is necessary to revoke the right for the benefit of public interests or State security, the people's government that originally gives approval to the use of the sea area shall approve the application for extension. The owner of the right who obtains approval for extension shall, in accordance with law, pay fees for the use of the sea area for the extended period.

第二十七條   因企業合並、分立或者與他人合資、合作經營，變更海域使用權人的，需經原批準用海的人民政府批準。

Article 27 Where the owner of the right to the use of a sea area is altered owing to mergence into or separation from another enterprise or because of running joint ventures or cooperative businesses with others, the matter shall be subject to approval by the people's government that originally gives approval to the use of the sea area.

海域使用權可以依法轉讓。海域使用權轉讓的具體辦法，由國務院規定。

The right to the use of sea areas may be transferred in accordance with law. Specific measures in this regard shall be formulated by the State Council.

海域使用權可以依法繼承。

The right to the use of sea areas may be inherited in accordance with law.

第二十八條   海域使用權人不得擅自改變經批準的海域用途；確需改變的，應當在符合海洋功能區劃的前提下，報原批準用海的人民政府批準。

Article 28 No owners of the right to the use of sea areas may, without authorization, change the approved purposes of use of the sea areas. Where it is really necessary to change the purposes, the matter shall, under the prerequisite that the change accords with the marine function zoning, be submitted for approval to the people's government that originally gives the approval to the use of the sea areas.

第二十九條   海域使用權期滿，未申請續期或者申請續期未獲批準的，海域使用權終止。

Article 29 Where at the expiration of the period for the right to the use of sea areas, the owner fails to apply for its extension or the application for extension is not granted, such right shall be terminated.

海域使用權終止後，原海域使用權人應當拆除可能造成海洋環境汙染或者影響其他用海項目的用海設施和構築物。

After the termination of the right to the use of sea areas, the former owner of the right shall dismantle the facilities and structures that may cause pollution to the marine environment or impede the use of the areas for other projects.

第三十條   因公共利益或者國家安全的需要，原批準用海的人民政府可以依法收回海域使用權。

Article 30 To meet the need of public interests or State security, the people's government that originally gives approval to the use of certain sea areas may, in accordance with law, revoke the right to the use of those areas.

依照前款規定在海域使用權期滿前提前收回海域使用權的，對海域使用權人應當給予相應的補償。

Where in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the right to the use of sea areas is revoked before the expiration of the period for their use, the owner of the right shall be compensated appropriately.

第三十一條   因海域使用權發生爭議，當事人協商解決不成的，由縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門調解；當事人也可以直接向人民法院提起訴訟。

Article 31 Where a dispute arises over the right to the use of a sea area and the parties fail to settle it through consultation, it shall be mediated by the department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level. The parties may also directly take legal proceedings in a People's Court.

在海域使用權爭議解決前，任何一方不得改變海域使用現狀。

Prior to the resolution of the dispute, none of the Parties shall change the status quo in respect of the use of sea areas.

第三十二條   填海項目竣工後形成的土地，屬於國家所有。

Article 32 The land brought into existence after completion of a sea-filling project shall be owned by the State.

海域使用權人應當自填海項目竣工之日起三個月內，憑海域使用權證書，向縣級以上人民政府土地行政主管部門提出土地登記申請，由縣級以上人民政府登記造冊，換發國有土地使用權證書，確認土地使用權。

The owner of the right to the use of a sea area shall, within three months from the date the sea-filling project is completed and by presenting the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas, apply to the department in charge of land administration under the people's government at or above the county level for land registration. The said people's government shall register it and issue to the owner in return the certificate of the right to the use of land so as to confirm such right.

第五章 海域使用金

Chapter 5 Fees for the Use of Sea Areas

第三十三條   國家實行海域有償使用制度。

Article 33 The State applies a system of compensation for the use of sea areas.

單位和個人使用海域，應當按照國務院的規定繳納海域使用金。海域使用金應當按照國務院的規定上繳財政。

For the use of sea areas, all entities and individuals shall pay fees in accordance with the regulations of the State Council. The fees collected shall be turned over to the Treasury in accordance with the regulations of the State Council.

對漁民使用海域從事養殖活動收取海域使用金的具體實施步驟和辦法，由國務院另行規定。

The specific measures for collecting fees from the fishermen who use the sea areas for aquaculture shall be formulated separately by the State Council.

第三十四條   根據不同的用海性質或者情形，海域使用金可以按照規定一次繳納或者按年度逐年繳納。

Article 34 In light of the different nature and circumstances in which the sea areas are used, the fees may, in accordance with regulations, be paid in a lump sum or on an annual basis.

第三十五條   下列用海，免繳海域使用金：

Article 35 The use of the sea for the following purposes shall be exempted from paying royalties:

(一)軍事用海；

1. for military purposes;

(二)公務船舶專用碼頭用海；

2. reserved docks for official ships;

(三)非經營性的航道、錨地等交通基礎設施用海；

(III) non-commercial transportation infrastructure such as channels and anchorages; and

(四)教學、科研、防災減災、海難搜救打撈等非經營性公益事業用海。

(IV) non-profit, public welfare undertakings such as teaching, research, disaster prevention and mitigation, and search, rescue and salvage at sea;

第三十六條   下列用海，按照國務院財政部門和國務院海洋行政主管部門的規定，經有批準權的人民政府財政部門和海洋行政主管部門審查批準，可以減繳或者免繳海域使用金：

Article 36 In accordance with the regulations of the department of finance and the department in charge of marine administration under the State Council, the fees for the use of the sea areas for the following purposes may be reduced or exempted upon examination and approval by the department of finance and the department in charge of marine administration under the people's government that has the approval authority:

(一)公用設施用海；

1. public utilities;

(二)國家重大建設項目用海；

2. major national construction projects; and

(三)養殖用海。

(III) aquaculture.

第六章 監督檢查

Chapter 6 Supervision and Inspection

第三十七條   縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門應當加強對海域使用的監督檢查。

Article 37 The department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level shall exercise strict supervision over and inspection of the use of sea areas.

縣級以上人民政府財政部門應當加強對海域使用金繳納情況的監督檢查。

The department of finance under the people's government at or above the county level shall strengthen supervision over and inspection of the collection of the fees.

第三十八條   海洋行政主管部門應當加強隊伍建設，提高海域使用管理監督檢查人員的政治、業務素質。海域使用管理監督檢查人員必須秉公執法，忠於職守，清正廉潔，文明服務，並依法接受監督。

Article 38 The department in charge of marine administration shall build a stronger contingent by raising the political and professional level of the supervisors and inspectors in the administration of the use of sea areas. The said supervisors and inspectors shall enforce laws impartially, be devoted to their duties, honest and upright, provide services with civility and subject themselves to supervision in accordance with law.

海洋行政主管部門及其工作人員不得參與和從事與海域使用有關的生產經營活動。

No department in charge of marine administration or its staff members may participate or engage in production and operation activities related to the use of sea areas.

第三十九條   縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門履行監督檢查職責時，有權采取下列措施：

Article 39 When performing its duties of supervision and inspection, the department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level shall have the right to take the following measures:

(一)要求被檢查單位或者個人提供海域使用的有關文件和資料；

1. requesting the entities or individuals under inspection to provide the documents and information relating to the use of sea areas;

(二)要求被檢查單位或者個人就海域使用的有關問題作出說明；

(II) requesting the entity or individual under inspection to make explanations on the issues relating to the use of sea areas;

(三)進入被檢查單位或者個人占用的海域現場進行勘查；

3. entering the sea areas occupied by the entities or individuals under inspection for on-the-spot survey;

(四)責令當事人停止正在進行的違法行為。

(IV) ordering the parties concerned to stop the illegal acts being conducted.

第四十條   海域使用管理監督檢查人員履行監督檢查職責時，應當出示有效執法證件。

Article 40 When performing their duties of supervision and inspection, supervisors and inspectors shall show their effective papers for law enforcement.

有關單位和個人對海洋行政主管部門的監督檢查應當予以配合，不得拒絕、妨礙監督檢查人員依法執行公務。

The entities and individuals concerned shall cooperate with the department in charge of marine administration when the latter conducts supervision and inspection, and none of them may prevent supervisors and inspectors from performing their duties in accordance with law, or impede their doing so.

第四十一條   依照法律規定行使海洋監督管理權的有關部門在海上執法時應當密切配合，互相支持，共同維護國家海域所有權和海域使用權人的合法權益。

Article 41 When enforcing laws at sea, the departments concerned that exercise the power of marine supervision and administration in accordance with the provisions of laws shall closely cooperate with and support each other in and jointly safeguard the State ownership of the sea areas and the lawful rights and interests of the owners of the right to the use of sea areas.

第七章 法律責任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

第四十二條   未經批準或者騙取批準，非法占用海域的，責令退還非法占用的海域，恢複海域原狀，沒收違法所得，並處非法占用海域期間內該海域面積應繳納的海域使用金五倍以上十五倍以下的罰款；對未經批準或者騙取批準，進行圍海、填海活動的，並處非法占用海域期間內該海域面積應繳納的海域使用金十倍以上二十倍以下的罰款。

Article 42 Any one who illegally occupies any sea areas without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be ordered to return the illegally occupied sea areas, restore them to their original state with the illegal gains be confiscated and shall be imposed upon a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 15 times the amount of royalties that should have been paid according to the size of the sea areas during the illegal occupation. Any one who encircles or fills up any part of the sea without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be imposed upon a fine of not less than 10 times but not more than 20 times the amount of royalties that should have been paid according to the size of the sea areas during the illegal use.

第四十三條   無權批準使用海域的單位非法批準使用海域的，超越批準權限非法批準使用海域的，或者不按海洋功能區劃批準使用海域的，批準文件無效，收回非法使用的海域；對非法批準使用海域的直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。

Article 43 Where entities that have no approval authority illegally approve the use of sea areas, or entities that have such authority but gives approval beyond their limits of authority or at variance with the marine function zoning, the approval documents are invalid and the sea areas illegally used shall be recovered. The persons directly in charge who illegally approve the use of the sea areas and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.

第四十四條   違反本法第二十三條規定，阻撓、妨害海域使用權人依法使用海域的，海域使用權人可以請求海洋行政主管部門排除妨害，也可以依法向人民法院提起訴訟；造成損失的，可以依法請求損害賠償。

Article 44 Where any entity or individual, in violation of the provisions of Article 23 of this Law, interferes with or obstructs the lawful use of sea areas by the owner of the right to use of such areas, the owner of the right may appeal to the department in charge of marine administration for removal of the interference or obstruction, he may also take legal proceedings in a People's Court in accordance with law. If losses are caused, the owner may ask for compensation according to law.

第四十五條   違反本法第二十六條規定，海域使用權期滿，未辦理有關手續仍繼續使用海域的，責令限期辦理，可以並處一萬元以下的罰款；拒不辦理的，以非法占用海域論處。

Article 45 Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 26 of this Law, continues to use the sea area without going through the relevant formalities at the expiration of the period for the right to the use of the sea area shall be instructed to go through the formalities within a time limit and may also be fined not more than 10,000 yuan. If he refuses to go through the formalities, he shall be deemed to be a person who illegally occupies a sea area and be punished as such.

第四十六條   違反本法第二十八條規定，擅自改變海域用途的，責令限期改正，沒收違法所得，並處非法改變海域用途的期間內該海域面積應繳納的海域使用金五倍以上十五倍以下的罰款；對拒不改正的，由頒發海域使用權證書的人民政府注銷海域使用權證書，收回海域使用權。

Article 46 Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 28 of this Law and without authorization, changes the purposes of use of the sea area shall be instructed to rectify within a time limit, his illegal gains shall be confiscated, and he shall also be fined not less than 5 times but not more than 15 times the fees payable for the sea area during the period in which the purposes of use of the sea area is illegally changed. If he refuses to rectify, the people's government that issues the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas shall revoke the certificate and the right to the use of sea areas.

第四十七條   違反本法第二十九條第二款規定，海域使用權終止，原海域使用權人不按規定拆除用海設施和構築物的，責令限期拆除；逾期拒不拆除的，處五萬元以下的罰款，並由縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門委托有關單位代為拆除，所需費用由原海域使用權人承擔。

Article 47 Where the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 29 of this Law are violated, the right to the use of sea areas shall be terminated, and if the original owner of the right fails to dismantle the facilities and structures for the use of the sea areas in accordance with regulations, he shall be instructed to do so within a time limit. If he refuses to do so at the expiration of the time limit, he shall be fined not more than 50,000 yuan and the department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level shall entrust a relevant unit to do the dismantling, and the owner shall bear the expenses entailed.

第四十八條   違反本法規定，按年度逐年繳納海域使用金的海域使用權人不按期繳納海域使用金的，限期繳納；在限期內仍拒不繳納的，由頒發海域使用權證書的人民政府注銷海域使用權證書，收回海域使用權。

Article 48 Where the owner of the right to the use of sea areas who should pay the fees for such use on an annual basis fails to do so on schedule in violation of the provisions of this Law, he shall be instructed to pay the fees within a time limit; if he still refuses to pay the fees within the time limit, the people's government that issues the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas shall revoke the certificate and the right to the use of sea areas.

第四十九條   違反本法規定，拒不接受海洋行政主管部門監督檢查、不如實反映情況或者不提供有關資料的，責令限期改正，給予警告，可以並處二萬元以下的罰款。

Article 49 Any entity or individual that, in violation of the provisions of this Law, refuses to accept supervision and inspection by the department in charge of marine administration, to give a truthful report or provide relevant information shall be instructed to rectify and be given a disciplinary warning, and may also be fined not more than 20,000 yuan.

第五十條   本法規定的行政處罰，由縣級以上人民政府海洋行政主管部門依據職權決定。但是，本法已對處罰機關作出規定的除外。

Article 50 The administrative penalties provided for in this Law shall be determined by the department in charge of marine administration under the people's government at or above the county level within the limits of its powers. However, exception shall be made if this Law has already stipulated the penalty imposing organ.

第五十一條   國務院海洋行政主管部門和縣級以上地方人民政府違反本法規定頒發海域使用權證書，或者頒發海域使用權證書後不進行監督管理，或者發現違法行為不予查處的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；徇私舞弊、濫用職權或者玩忽職守構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 51 Where the department in charge of marine administration under the State Council or under the people's government at or above the county level issues the certificate of the right to the use of sea areas in violation of the provisions of this Law, or fails to conduct supervision after issuance of the certificate, or fails to investigate and deal with the violations it discovers, the persons directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law. If the violation constitutes a crime, the persons concerned shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第八章 附則

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第五十二條   在中華人民共和國內水、領海使用特定海域不足三個月，可能對國防安全、海上交通安全和其他用海活動造成重大影響的排他性用海活動，參照本法有關規定辦理臨時海域使用證。

Article 52 For use of a special sea area within the inland waters or territorial seas of the People's Republic of China for less than three months, and for use of the sea areas for exclusive activities, which may have a major impact on the national defense, maritime traffic safety or other uses of the sea areas, formalities shall be completed for the issuance of a provisional certificate for the use of sea areas through application of the relevant provisions of this Law mutatis mutandis.

第五十三條   軍事用海的管理辦法，由國務院、中央軍事委員會依據本法制定。

Article 53 The administrative measures for military use of the sea areas shall be formulated by the State Council and the Central Military Commission in accordance with this Law.

第五十四條   本法自2002年1月1日起施行。

Article 54 This Law shall go into effect as of January 1, 2002.