法律文本

中華人民共和國監獄法（2012修正）

Prison Law of the People’s Republic of China (2012 Revision)

（1994年12月29日第八屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十一次會議通過 1994年12月29日中華人民共和國主席令第35號公布 根據2012年10月26日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十九次會議通過 2012年10月26日中華人民共和國主席令第63號公布 自2013年1月1日起施行的《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於修改〈中華人民共和國監獄法〉的決定》修正）

(Adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress on December 29, 1994 and issued under the Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 35 on December 29, 1994; and revised according to the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the Revision of the Prison Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 29th Session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on October 26, 2012 and issued under the Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 63 on October 26, 2012 with effect from January 1, 2013)

目錄

Contents

  第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

  第二章 監獄

Chapter Two Prison

  第三章 刑罰的執行

Chapter 3 Execution of Criminal Punishments

    第一節 收監

Section 1 Imprisonment

    第二節 對罪犯提出的申訴、控告、檢舉的處理

Section 2 Handling of Petitions, Complaints and Accusations Made by Prisoners

    第三節 監外執行

Section 3 Execution Outside Prison

    第四節 減刑、假釋

Section 4 Commutation and Parole

    第五節 釋放和安置

Section 5 Release and Resettlement

  第四章 獄政管理

Chapter 4 Prison Administration

    第一節 分押分管

Section 1 Cipher distribution

    第二節 警戒

Section 2 Vigilance

    第三節 戒具和武器的使用

Section 3 Use of Restraints and Arms

    第四節 通信、會見

Section 4 Communications, Meetings

    第五節 生活、衛生

Section 5 Life and Sanitation

    第六節 獎懲

Section 6 Rewards and Penalties

    第七節 對罪犯服刑期間犯罪的處理

Section 7 Handling of Crimes Committed by Prisoners during the Term of Imprisonment

  第五章 對罪犯的教育改造

Chapter 5 Education and Reform of Criminals

  第六章 對未成年犯的教育改造

Chapter 6 Education and Reform of Juvenile Delinquents

  第七章 附則

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了正確執行刑罰,懲罰和改造罪犯,預防和減少犯罪,根據憲法,制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of correctly executing criminal punishments, punishing and reforming prisoners, preventing and reducing crimes.

第二條   監獄是國家的刑罰執行機關。

Article 2 A prison is an organ of the State for executing criminal punishments.

依照刑法和刑事訴訟法的規定,被判處死刑緩期二年執行、無期徒刑、有期徒刑的罪犯,在監獄內執行刑罰。

Criminal punishments of prisoners sentenced to death penalty with a two-year suspension of execution, life imprisonment, or fixed-term imprisonment shall be executed in prisons under the Criminal Law and the Criminal Procedure Law.

第三條   監獄對罪犯實行懲罰和改造相結合、教育和勞動相結合的原則,將罪犯改造成為守法公民。

Article 3 A prison shall, with regard to prisoners, implement the principle of combining punishment with reform and combining education with labour, in order to transform them into law-abiding citizens.

第四條   監獄對罪犯應當依法監管,根據改造罪犯的需要,組織罪犯從事生產勞動,對罪犯進行思想教育、文化教育,技術教育。

Article 4 A prison shall exercise supervision and control over prisoners according to law, and shall, in accordance with the needs of reforming prisoners, organize prisoners to engage in productive labour and conduct ideological, cultural and technical education among prisoners.

第五條   監獄的人民警察依法管理監獄、執行刑罰、對罪犯進行教育改造等活動,受法律保護。

Article 5 Activities in prison administration, execution of criminal punishments, and education and reform of prisoners conducted according to law by the people's police of a prison shall be protected by law.

第六條   人民檢察院對監獄執行刑罰的活動是否合法,依法實行監督。

Article 6 A people's procuratorate shall exercise supervision in accordance with the law over the legality of activities conducted by prisons in execution of criminal punishments.

第七條   罪犯的人格不受侮辱,其人身安全、合法財產和辯護、申訴、控告、檢舉以及其他未被依法剝奪或者限制的權利不受侵犯。

Article 7 Human dignity of a prisoner shall not be humiliated, and his personal safety, lawful properties, and rights to defence, petition, complaint and accusation as well as other rights which have not been deprived of or restricted according to law shall not be violated.

罪犯必須嚴格遵守法律、法規和監規紀律,服從管理,接受教育,參加勞動。

A prisoner must strictly observe laws, regulations, and rules and discipline of the prison, subject himself to control, accept education and take part in labour.

第八條   國家保障監獄改造罪犯所需經費。監獄的人民警察經費、罪犯改造經費、罪犯生活經費、獄政設施經費及其他專項經費,列入國家預算。

Article 8 The State shall ensure the expenditures of a prison for the reform of prisoners. The prisons' expenditures for the people's police, for the reform of prisoners, for the living expenses of prisoners, for the administration and installations of the prison, and other special expenses shall be included into the State budget.

國家提供罪犯勞動必需的生產設施和生產經費。

The State shall provide production facilities and production expenses necessary for prisoners to do labour.

第九條   監獄依法使用的土地、礦產資源和其他自然資源以及監獄的財產,受法律保護,任何組織或者個人不得侵占、破壞。

Article 9 Lands, mineral resources and other natural resources used by a prison according to law as well as properties of a prison shall be protected by law; no organizations or individuals shall seize or undermine them.

第十條   國務院司法行政部門主管全國的監獄工作。

Article 10 The department of judicial administration under the State Council shall be in charge of the work of prisons in the whole country.

第二章 監獄

Chapter Two Prison

第十一條   監獄的設置、撤銷、遷移,由國務院司法行政部門批準。

Article 11 The establishment, abolition or move of a prison shall be subject to the approval of the department of judicial administration under the State Council.

第十二條   監獄設監獄長一人、副監獄長若幹人,並根據實際需要設置必要的工作機構和配備其他監獄管理人員。

Article 12 A prison shall install one warden, several deputy wardens, and, in light of the actual needs, set up necessary working organs and provide other administrative personnel.

監獄的管理人員是人民警察。

The prison administrators are the people's police.

第十三條   監獄的人民警察應當嚴格遵守憲法和法律,忠於職守,秉公執法,嚴守紀律,清正廉潔。

Article 13 The people's police of a prison shall strictly abide by the Constitution and the law, be loyal to their duties, enforce the law impartially, strictly observe discipline and be honest and upright.

第十四條   監獄的人民警察不得有下列行為:

Article 14 The people's police of a prison shall not commit any of the following acts:

（一）索要、收受、侵占罪犯及其親屬的財物;

1. to demand, accept or seize money or goods from prisoners or their relatives; or

（二）私放罪犯或者玩忽職守造成罪犯脫逃;

2. to release a prisoner without authorization or through dereliction of duty to cause a prisoner to flee;

（三）刑訊逼供或者體罰、虐待罪犯;

(III) to extort confessions by torture or subject criminals to corporal punishment, or maltreat criminals;

（四）侮辱罪犯的人格;

4. to humiliate the human dignity of a prisoner;

（五）毆打或者縱容他人毆打罪犯;

(V) to beat or connive at others to beat a prisoner;

（六）為謀取私利，利用罪犯提供勞務;

(VI) to utilize a prisoner to provide labour services for personal gains;

（七）違反規定，私自為罪犯傳遞信件或者物品;

(VII) to privately deliver a letter or an article for a prisoner in violation of regulations;

（八）非法將監管罪犯的職權交予他人行使;

(VIII) to illegally surrender the functions and powers to supervise and control prisoners to another person; or

（九）其他違法行為。

(IX) other illegal acts.

監獄的人民警察有前款所列行為，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任;尚未構成犯罪的，應當予以行政處分。

If the people's police of a prison commit any act specified in the preceding paragraph and the case constitutes a crime, the offenders shall be investigated for criminal responsibility; if the case does not constitute a crime, the offenders shall be given administrative sanctions.

第三章 刑罰的執行

Chapter 3 Execution of Criminal Punishments

第一節 收監

Section 1 Imprisonment

第十五條   人民法院對被判處死刑緩期二年執行、無期徒刑、有期徒刑的罪犯,應當將執行通知書、判決書送達羁押該罪犯的公安機關,公安機關應當自收到執行通知書、判決書之日起一個月內將該罪犯送交監獄執行刑罰。

Article 15 With respect to a criminal who is sentenced to death penalty with a two-year suspension of execution, life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment, the people's court shall serve the notice of execution of the sentence and the written judgment on the public security organ where the criminal is in custody. The public security organ shall hand the criminal over to a prison for execution of the punishment within one month from the date of receiving the notice of execution of the sentence and the written judgment.

罪犯在被交付執行刑罰前,剩餘刑期在三個月以下的,由看守所代為執行。

Before a criminal is handed over for execution of the criminal punishment, if the remaining term of his sentence is not more than three months, the criminal punishment shall be executed by the detention house instead.

第十六條   罪犯被交付執行刑罰時,交付執行的人民法院應當將人民檢察院的起訴書副本、人民法院的判決書、執行通知書、結案登記表同時送達監獄。監獄沒有收到上述文件的,不得收監;上述文件不齊全或者記載有誤的,作出生效判決的人民法院應當及時補充齊全或者作出更正;對其中可能導致錯誤收監的,不予收監。

Article 16 A people's court shall, in handing over a criminal for execution of the criminal punishment, serve on the prison a copy of the bill of prosecution from the people's procuratorate together with the written judgment, the notice of execution and the registration form of closing the case from the people's court. The prison shall not put the criminal in prison without receiving the above-mentioned documents; if such documents are incomplete or have errors in the records, the people's court which passed the effective judgment shall, without delay, make them complete or correct; if any of the above-mentioned circumstances may lead to wrongful imprisonment of a person, the prison shall not accept him.

第十七條   罪犯被交付執行刑罰,符合本法第十六條規定的,應當予以收監。罪犯收監後,監獄應當對其進行身體檢查。經檢查,對於具有暫予監外執行情形的,監獄可以提出書面意見,報省級以上監獄管理機關批準。

Article 17 The criminal that is handed over for the execution of the criminal punishment shall be imprisoned if Article 16 hereof is satisfied. After a criminal is put in prison, the prison shall give physical examination to him. Upon examination, the prison may submit its written opinions to the prison authorities at or above the provincial level for approval if circumstances of temporary execution outside prison are satisfied.

第十八條   罪犯收監,應當嚴格檢查其人身和所攜帶的物品。非生活必需品,由監獄代為保管或者征得罪犯同意退回其家屬,違禁品予以沒收。

Article 18 When a criminal is put in prison, his or her body and the articles brought with him or her shall strictly be checked. The non- daily necessities shall be taken care of by the prison for the criminal or with the agreement of the criminal be returned to his or her families, and contraband goods shall be confiscated.

女犯由女性人民警察檢查。

Female prisoners are examined by the women police.

第十九條   罪犯不得攜帶子女在監內服刑。

Article 19 A criminal may not bring his or her child with him or her to serve sentence in prison.

第二十條   罪犯收監後，監獄應當通知罪犯家屬。通知書應當自收監之日起五日內發出。

Article 20 After a criminal is put in prison, the prison shall inform the criminal's family members. A written notice shall be sent out within five days from the date when the criminal is put in prison.

第二節 對罪犯提出的申訴、控告、檢舉的處理

Section 2 Handling of Petitions, Complaints and Accusations Made by Prisoners

第二十一條   罪犯對生效的判決不服的,可以提出申訴。

Article 21 If a prisoner is not satisfied with the effective judgment, he may file a petition.

對於罪犯的申訴,人民檢察院或者人民法院應當及時處理。

A people's procuratorate or a people's court shall without delay handle the petitions filed by prisoners.

第二十二條   對罪犯提出的控告、檢舉材料,監獄應當及時處理或者轉送公安機關或者人民檢察院處理,公安機關或者人民檢察院應當將處理結果通知監獄。

Article 22 A prison shall without delay handle the complaints or accusations made by prisoners, or transfer the above material to a public security organ or a people's procuratorate for handling. The public security organ or the people's procuratorate shall inform the prison of the result of its handling.

第二十三條   罪犯的申訴、控告、檢舉材料,監獄應當及時轉遞,不得扣壓。

Article 23 A prison shall transfer without delay the petitions, complaints and accusations made by prisoners and shall not withhold them.

第二十四條   監獄在執行刑罰過程中，根據罪犯的申訴，認為判決可能有錯誤的，應當提請人民檢察院或者人民法院處理，人民檢察院或者人民法院應當自收到監獄提請處理意見書之日起六個月內將處理結果通知監獄。

Article 24 In the course of execution of the criminal punishment, if a prison believes on the basis of a prisoner's petition that the judgment may be wrongfully made, it shall refer the matter to a people's procuratorate or a people's court for handling. The people's procuratorate or the people's court shall notify the prison of the result of its handling within six months from the date of receiving the prison's written recommendation for handling.

第三節 監外執行

Section 3 Execution Outside Prison

第二十五條   對於被判處無期徒刑、有期徒刑在監內服刑的罪犯,符合刑事訴訟法規定的監外執行條件的,可以暫予監外執行。

Article 25 If a prisoner sentenced to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment serving his sentence in prison complies with the conditions for execution outside prison as provided by the Criminal Procedure Law, he may be permitted to temporarily serve his sentence outside prison.

第二十六條   暫予監外執行,由監獄提出書面意見,報省、自治區、直轄市監獄管理機關批準。批準機關應當將批準的暫予監外執行決定通知公安機關和原判人民法院,並抄送人民檢察院。

Article 26 For temporary execution outside prison, a written recommendation shall be made by a prison and submitted for approval to the administrative organ of prisons of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. The organ granting the approval shall notify the public security organ and the people's court making the original judgment of the decision on the approval of the temporary execution outside prison, and send a copy of its decision to the people's procuratorate.

人民檢察院認為對罪犯適用暫予監外執行不當的,應當自接到通知之日起一個月內將書面意見遞交批準暫予監外執行的機關,批準暫予監外執行的機關接到人民檢察院的書面意見後,應當立即對該決定進行重新核查。

If a People's Procuratorate considers that it is improper to apply temporary execution outside prison to the prisoner, it shall send its written opinions within one month from the date of receiving the notice to the organ that approved the temporary execution outside prison. The said organ shall, upon receiving the written opinions from the People's Procuratorate, conduct forthwith reexamination and re-verification of its decision.

第二十七條   對暫予監外執行的罪犯,依法實行社區矯正,由社區矯正機構負責執行。原關押監獄應當及時將罪犯在監內改造情況通報負責執行的社區矯正機構。

Article 27 If a criminal temporarily serves a sentence outside prison, the community correction shall be implemented according to the law by the community correction organ. The prison that originally held the prisoner in custody shall promptly inform such community correction agency of the prisoner's performance of reform in prison.

第二十八條   暫予監外執行的罪犯具有刑事訴訟法規定的應當收監的情形的，社區矯正機構應當及時通知監獄收監;刑期屆滿的，由原關押監獄辦理釋放手續。罪犯在暫予監外執行期間死亡的，社區矯正機構應當及時通知原關押監獄。

Article 28 If a criminal under temporary execution outside prison has the circumstances under which he/she shall be imprisoned in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Law, the community correction agency shall timely give notification of imprisonment to the prison; when the period of imprisonment has expired, the original detention prison shall conduct formalities for releasing the prisoner. If a criminal under temporary execution outside prison dies during such period, the community correction agency shall timely notify the original detention prison thereof.

第四節 減刑、假釋

Section 4 Commutation and Parole

第二十九條   被判處無期徒刑、有期徒刑的罪犯,在服刑期間確有悔改或者立功表現的,根據監獄考核的結果,可以減刑。有下列重大立功表現之一的,應當減刑:

Article 29 If a prisoner sentenced to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment has shown true repentance or rendered meritorious service during the term of imprisonment, his sentence may be commuted on the basis of the result of the assessment made by the prison. If a prisoner has rendered one of the following major meritorious services, his sentence shall be commuted:

(一)阻止他人重大犯罪活動的;

1. having stopped a grave criminal activity of another person;

(二)檢舉監獄內外重大犯罪活動,經查證屬實的;

2. informing against major criminal activities conducted inside or outside prison and verified through investigation;

(三)有發明創造或者重大技術革新的;

(III) having made an invention or a major technical innovation;

(四)在日常生產、生活中舍己救人的;

(IV) having risked his or her life to save others in daily production or life;

(五)在抗禦自然災害或者排除重大事故中,有突出表現的;

(V) performing remarkable services in fighting against natural disasters or curbing major accidents; or

(六)對國家和社會有其他重大貢獻的。

(VI) making other major contributions to the country and society.

第三十條   減刑建議由監獄向人民法院提出,人民法院應當自收到減刑建議書之日起一個月內予以審核裁定;案情複雜或者情況特殊的,可以延長一個月。減刑裁定的副本應當抄送人民檢察院。

Article 30 A recommendation for commutation of a sentence shall be made by a prison to a people's court. The people's court shall within one month from the date of receiving the written recommendation examine it and make a ruling thereon; if the case is complicated or the circumstances are special, the said period may be extended by one month. A copy of the commutation ruling shall be sent to the people's procuratorate.

第三十一條   被判處死刑緩期二年執行的罪犯,在死刑緩期執行期間,符合法律規定的減為無期徒刑、有期徒刑條件的,二年期滿時,所在監獄應當及時提出減刑建議,報經省、自治區、直轄市監獄管理機關審核後,提請高級人民法院裁定。

Article 31 Where a prisoner sentenced to death penalty with a two-year suspension of execution conforms with the conditions for commutation to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment as provided by the law during the period of suspension of execution of his death penalty, the prison holding the prisoner in custody shall make a timely recommendation for commutation upon expiration of the two-year suspension of execution and report it first to the administrative organ of prisons of the province, autonomous region or the municipality directly under the Central Government for examination and verification, and then submit the matter to the higher people's court for a ruling.

第三十二條   被判處無期徒刑、有期徒刑的罪犯,符合法律規定的假釋條件的,由監獄根據考核結果向人民法院提出假釋建議,人民法院應當自收到假釋建議書之日起一個月內予以審核裁定;案情複雜或者情況特殊的,可以延長一個月。假釋裁定的副本應當抄送人民檢察院。

Article 32 Where a prisoner sentenced to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment conforms to the conditions for release on parole as provided by the law, the prison shall, on the basis of the result of its assessment, make a recommendation for release on parole to the people's court. The people's court shall, within one month from the date of receiving the written recommendation, examine it and make a ruling thereon; if the case is complicated or the circumstances are special, the said period may be extended by one month. A copy of the ruling on parole shall be sent to the people's procuratorate.

第三十三條   人民法院裁定假釋的,監獄應當按期假釋並發給假釋證明書。

Article 33 Where a people's court has made a ruling on parole, the prison shall parole the prisoner as scheduled and issue him a certificate of parole.

對被假釋的罪犯,依法實行社區矯正,由社區矯正機構負責執行。被假釋的罪犯,在假釋考驗期限內有違反法律、行政法規或者國務院有關部門關於假釋的監督管理規定的行為,尚未構成新的犯罪的,社區矯正機構應當向人民法院提出撤銷假釋的建議,人民法院應當自收到撤銷假釋建議書之日起一個月內予以審核裁定。人民法院裁定撤銷假釋的,由公安機關將罪犯送交監獄收監。

A parolee shall be subject to correction implemented by community correction organ according to the law. Where a parolee during the probation period of parole commits any acts in violation of laws, administrative rules and regulations or the regulations of the relevant departments under the State Council on the supervision and control of parolees, if such acts do not constitute a new crime, the community correction organ may make a written recommendation for the cancellation of parole to the people's court. The people's court shall within one month from the date of receiving the written recommendation examine it and make a ruling thereon. If the People's Court rules to revoke the parole, the public security organ shall send the criminal to the prison for imprisonment.

第三十四條   對不符合法律規定的減刑、假釋條件的罪犯，不得以任何理由將其減刑、假釋。

Article 34 If a prisoner does not satisfy the conditions for commutation or parole as provided by the law, the prisoner shall not be commuted or paroled on any ground.

人民檢察院認為人民法院減刑、假釋的裁定不當，應當依照刑事訴訟法規定的期間向人民法院提出書面糾正意見。對於人民檢察院提出書面糾正意見的案件，人民法院應當重新審理。

If a People's Procuratorate considers that a ruling on commutation or parole made by a People's Court is improper, it shall submit a written recommendation to the People's Court for correction within the time limit specified by the Criminal Procedure Law. With respect to the case for which the people's procuratorate puts forward written correction opinions, the people's court shall retry it.

第五節 釋放和安置

Section 5 Release and Resettlement

第三十五條   罪犯服刑期滿,監獄應當按期釋放並發給釋放證明書。

Article 35 If a prisoner has completed service of his sentence, the prison shall release him as scheduled and issue him a certificate of release.

第三十六條   罪犯釋放後,公安機關憑釋放證明書辦理戶籍登記。

Article 36 After a prisoner is released, the public security organ shall make residence registration for him on the strength of his certificate of release.

第三十七條   對刑滿釋放人員,當地人民政府幫助其安置生活。

Article 37 With respect to a person released after serving his sentence, the local people's government shall assist him in resettlement.

刑滿釋放人員喪失勞動能力又無法定贍養人、扶養人和基本生活來源的,由當地人民政府予以救濟。

If a person released after serving his sentence has lost his ability to do labour, and has no statutory supporters or basic source of income, the local people's government shall offer him relief.

第三十八條   刑滿釋放人員依法享有與其他公民平等的權利。

Article 38 A person released after serving his sentence shall enjoy equal rights with other citizens in accordance with the law.

第四章 獄政管理

Chapter 4 Prison Administration

第一節 分押分管

Section 1 Cipher distribution

第三十九條   監獄對成年男犯、女犯和未成年犯實行分開關押和管理,對未成年犯和女犯的改造,應當照顧其生理、心理特點。

Article 39 A prison shall practise separate custody and separate control with respect to male adult prisoners, female adult prisoners and juvenile delinquents. In respect of the reform of juvenile delinquents and female prisoners, special consideration shall be given to their physiological and psychological characteristics.

監獄根據罪犯的犯罪類型、刑罰種類、刑期、改造表現等情況,對罪犯實行分別關押,采取不同方式管理。

A prison shall, with respect to prisoners, carry out separate custody and varied control on the basis of their types of crimes and punishments, terms of sentences and performances of reform.

第四十條   女犯由女性人民警察直接管理。

Article 40 Female prisoners shall be under the direct control of people's policewomen.

第二節 警戒

Section 2 Vigilance

第四十一條   監獄的武裝警戒由人民武裝警察部隊負責,具體辦法由國務院、中央軍事委員會規定。

Article 41 The people's armed police forces shall be in charge of the armed guard of prisons. The specific measures shall be prescribed by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.

第四十二條   監獄發現在押罪犯脫逃,應當即時將其抓獲,不能即時抓獲的,應當立即通知公安機關,由公安機關負責追捕,監獄密切配合。

Article 42 If a prison discovers that a prisoner in custody has escaped, the prison shall capture him as soon as possible. If the prison cannot immediately capture the escaped prisoner, it shall notify the public security organ without delay. The public security organ shall be responsible for the pursuit and capture of the escaped prisoner, and the prison shall closely coordinate with the public security organ.

第四十三條   監獄根據監管需要,設立警戒設施。監獄周圍設警戒隔離帶,未經準許,任何人不得進入。

Article 43 A prison shall set up guard installations in accordance with the needs of supervision and control. The guard segregation zone around a prison shall be delimited. No one shall, without permission, enter into such zone.

第四十四條   監區、作業區周圍的機關、團體、企業事業單位和基層組織，應當協助監獄做好安全警戒工作。

Article 44 State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and grass-roots organizations in the neighbourhood of a prison or its operation areas shall assist the prison in its security work.

第三節 戒具和武器的使用

Section 3 Use of Restraints and Arms

第四十五條   監獄遇有下列情形之一的,可以使用戒具:

Article 45 A prison may use restraint implements under any of the following circumstances:

(一)罪犯有脫逃行為的;

1. if the prisoner has committed an act of escape;

(二)罪犯有使用暴力行為的;

(II) if any prisoner has used violence; or

(三)罪犯正在押解途中的;

(III) Where the criminal is on the way of escort;

(四)罪犯有其他危險行為需要采取防範措施的。

(IV) Where the criminal has other dangerous acts for which it is necessary to take precautions.

前款所列情形消失後,應當停止使用戒具。

After the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph disappeared, restraint implements shall not be used.

第四十六條   人民警察和人民武裝警察部隊的執勤人員遇有下列情形之一，非使用武器不能制止的，按照國家有關規定，可以使用武器:

Article 46 Personnel on duty of the people's police or the people's armed police forces may, under any of the following circumstances, which can not be checked without the use of weapons, use weapons in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State:

（一）罪犯聚眾騷亂、暴亂的;

1. Where criminals gather to make riots;

（二）罪犯脫逃或者拒捕的;

2. if any prisoner is escaping or resisting arrest;

（三）罪犯持有凶器或者其他危險物，正在行凶或者破壞，危及他人生命、財產安全的;

(III) if any prisoner is committing physical assault or destruction with a lethal weapon or other dangerous articles to endanger the safety of another person's life or property;

（四）劫奪罪犯的;

(IV) to rob a criminal;

（五）罪犯搶奪武器的。

(V) if any prisoner is seizing a weapon by force.

使用武器的人員，應當按照國家有關規定報告情況。

Personnel who have used weapons shall report the situations in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State.

第四節 通信、會見

Section 4 Communications, Meetings

第四十七條   罪犯在服刑期間可以與他人通信,但是來往信件應當經過監獄檢查。監獄發現有礙罪犯改造內容的信件,可以扣留。罪犯寫給監獄的上級機關和司法機關的信件,不受檢查。

Article 47 A prisoner may, during the service of his sentence, correspond with others, but their correspondence shall be examined by the prison. Letters found by the prison to be obstructing the rehabilitation of the prisoner may be detained. Letters from a prisoner to the higher authorities of the prison or to the judicial organs shall be free from examination.

第四十八條   罪犯在監獄服刑期間,按照規定,可以會見親屬、監護人。

Article 48 A prisoner may, in accordance with the relevant regulations, meet with his relatives and guardians during the service of his sentence.

第四十九條   罪犯收受物品和錢款，應當經監獄批準、檢查。

Article 49 Goods or money to be received by a prisoner shall be subject to the approval and examination of the prison.

第五節 生活、衛生

Section 5 Life and Sanitation

第五十條   罪犯的生活標準按實物量計算,由國家規定。

Article 50 The living standard of prisoners shall be measured by the quantity of material objects, and it shall be set by the State.

第五十一條   罪犯的被服由監獄統一配發。

Article 51 The beddings and clothing of prisoners shall be uniformly rationed and provided by the prison.

第五十二條   對少數民族罪犯的特殊生活習慣,應當予以照顧。

Article 52 Considerations shall be given to the special habits and customs of prisoners of minority ethnic groups.

第五十三條   罪犯居住的監舍應當堅固、通風、透光、清潔、保暖。

Article 53 Wards of a prison shall be firm, ventilated, possible for the natural light to come in, clean and warm.

第五十四條   監獄應當設立醫療機構和生活、衛生設施,建立罪犯生活、衛生制度。罪犯的醫療保健列入監獄所在地區的衛生、防疫計劃。

Article 54 A prison shall set up medical organs and living and sanitary facilities, and institute regulations on the life and sanitation of prisoners. Medical and health care of prisoners shall be included in the health and epidemic prevention plan of the area where the prison is located.

第五十五條   罪犯在服刑期間死亡的，監獄應當立即通知罪犯家屬和人民檢察院、人民法院。罪犯因病死亡的，由監獄作出醫療鑒定。人民檢察院對監獄的醫療鑒定有疑義的，可以重新對死亡原因作出鑒定。罪犯家屬有疑義的，可以向人民檢察院提出。罪犯非正常死亡的，人民檢察院應當立即檢驗，對死亡原因作出鑒定。

Article 55 If a prisoner dies during imprisonment, the prison shall immediately inform the prisoner's family members, the people's procuratorate and the people's court. If a prisoner dies from a disease, the prison shall make a medical appraisal. If the people's procuratorate suspects the prison's medical appraisal, it may make an appraisal anew on the cause of the death. If the family members of a criminal suspect suspect, they may raise their suspicion with a people's procuratorate. If a prisoner dies an abnormal death, the people's procuratorate shall immediately conduct examinations and make an appraisal on the cause of the death.

第六節 獎懲

Section 6 Rewards and Penalties

第五十六條   監獄應當建立罪犯的日常考核制度,考核的結果作為對罪犯獎勵和處罰的依據。

Article 56 A prison shall establish a routine check-up system for prisoners. The result of such check-ups shall be taken as the basis for awarding or punishing prisoners.

第五十七條   罪犯有下列情形之一的,監獄可以給予表揚、物質獎勵或者記功:

Article 57 If a prisoner is under one of the following circumstances, the prison may commend or award him, or record a merit for him:

(一)遵守監規紀律,努力學習,積極勞動,有認罪服法表現的;

1. complying with prison regulations and disciplines, studying hard, actively working, and pleading guilty and accepting the judgment;

(二)阻止違法犯罪活動的;

(II) preventing illegal or criminal activities;

(三)超額完成生產任務的;

3. overfulfilment of a production task;

(四)節約原材料或者愛護公物,有成績的;

(IV) if a prisoner has made achievements in saving on raw materials or caring for public property;

(五)進行技術革新或者傳授生產技術,有一定成效的;

(V) if a prisoner has achieved certain success in technical renovation or passing on his production skill;

(六)在防止或者消除災害事故中作出一定貢獻的;

(VI) having made certain contributions in preventing or eliminating disasters and accidents; or

(七)對國家和社會有其他貢獻的。

(VII) making other contributions to the country and society.

被判處有期徒刑的罪犯有前款所列情形之一,執行原判刑期二分之一以上,在服刑期間一貫表現好,離開監獄不致再危害社會的,監獄可以根據情況準其離監探親。

Where a prisoner sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment is under one of the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph, if he has served more than a half of the original term of his sentence, and has always shown good performances during imprisonment and if his leaving from the prison will no longer endanger the society, the prison may, in light of the circumstances, permit him to leave the prison for the purpose of visiting his family members or relatives.

第五十八條   罪犯有下列破壞監管秩序情形之一的，監獄可以給予警告、記過或者禁閉:

Article 58 If a prisoner has committed one of the following acts obstructing the order of supervision and control, the prison may give him a warning, demerit or solitary confinement:

（一）聚眾哄鬧監獄，擾亂正常秩序的;

1. assembling a crowd to make a stir and to disturb the normal order of the prison;

（二）辱罵或者毆打人民警察的;

2. abusing or beating the people's police;

（三）欺壓其他罪犯的;

(III) bullying other prisoners;

（四）偷竊、賭博、打架鬥毆、尋釁滋事的;

(IV) stealing, gambling, coming to blows, or stirring up fights and causing troubles;

（五）有勞動能力拒不參加勞動或者消極怠工，經教育不改的;

(V) refusing to do labour though he has the ability to work or being slack in work and refusing to mend his ways after education;

（六）以自傷、自殘手段逃避勞動的;

(VI) escaping from doing labour by means of self-injury or self-mutilation;

（七）在生產勞動中故意違反操作規程，或者有意損壞生產工具的;

(VII) intentionally violating the operation rules in productive labour or intentionally damaging tools of production; or

（八）有違反監規紀律的其他行為的。

(VIII) other acts violating the rules and discipline of the prison.

依照前款規定對罪犯實行禁閉的期限為七天至十五天。

The term of confinement imposed on a prisoner as stipulated by the preceding paragraph shall be from seven to fifteen days.

罪犯在服刑期間有第一款所列行為，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

If a prisoner has committed an act specified in the first paragraph during the service of his sentence, and if the case constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第七節 對罪犯服刑期間犯罪的處理

Section 7 Handling of Crimes Committed by Prisoners during the Term of Imprisonment

第五十九條   罪犯在服刑期間故意犯罪的,依法從重處罰。

Article 59 If a prisoner intentionally commits a crime during the service of his sentence, he shall be given a heavier punishment according to law.

第六十條   對罪犯在監獄內犯罪的案件，由監獄進行偵查。偵查終結後，寫出起訴意見書，連同案卷材料、證據一並移送人民檢察院。

Article 60 A criminal case committed by a prisoner in the prison shall be investigated by the prison. On the conclusion of the investigation, a recommendation for prosecution written by the prison together with the case file and the evidence shall be handed over to a people's procuratorate.

第五章 對罪犯的教育改造

Chapter 5 Education and Reform of Criminals

第六十一條   教育改造罪犯,實行因人施教、分類教育,以理服人的原則,采取集體教育與個別教育相結合、獄內教育與社會教育相結合的方法。

Article 61 In the education and reform of prisoners, the principle of suiting education to different persons and cases and persuading prisoners through reasoning shall be implemented and the method of combining collective education with individual education and combining education by the prison with education by the society adopted.

第六十二條   監獄應當對罪犯進行法制、道德、形勢、政策、前途等內容的思想教育。

Article 62 A prison shall carry out ideological education among prisoners in legality, morality, current situations, policies and outlook on their futures.

第六十三條   監獄應當根據不同情況,對罪犯進行掃盲教育、初等教育和初級中等教育,經考試合格的,由教育部門發給相應的學業證書。

Article 63 A prison shall, in light of different conditions of prisoners, carry out literacy education, primary education and junior secondary education. If a prisoner has passed due examinations, the educational department shall issue him the corresponding certificate of education.

第六十四條   監獄應當根據監獄生產和罪犯釋放後就業的需要,對罪犯進行職業技術教育,經考核合格的,由勞動部門發給相應的技術等級證書。

Article 64 A prison shall carry out vocational and technical education among prisoners in accordance with the needs of production in the prison and of employment after their release. If a prisoner has passed due examination and verification, the labour department shall issue him the corresponding certificate of technical grade.

第六十五條   監獄鼓勵罪犯自學,經考試合格的,由有關部門發給相應的證書。

Article 65 A prison shall encourage prisoners to study on their own. If a prisoner has passed due examinations, the relevant department shall issue him the corresponding certificate.

第六十六條   罪犯的文化和職業技術教育,應當列入所在地區教育規劃。監獄應當設立教室、圖書閱覽室等必要的教育設施。

Article 66 The cultural, occupational and technical education of prisoners shall be included into the educational plan of the area where the prison is located. A prison shall have necessary educational facilities such as classrooms and reading rooms.

第六十七條   監獄應當組織罪犯開展適當的體育活動和文化娛樂活動。

Article 67 A prison shall organize prisoners to conduct proper sports activities and cultural recreations.

第六十八條   國家機關、社會團體、部隊、企業事業單位和社會各界人士以及罪犯的親屬,應當協助監獄做好對罪犯的教育改造工作。

Article 68 State organs, public organizations, units of armed forces, enterprises, institutions, personage of various circles and family members or relatives of prisoners shall assist prisons in doing a good job in the education and reform of prisoners.

第六十九條   有勞動能力的罪犯,必須參加勞動。

Article 69 An able-bodied prisoner must do labour.

第七十條   監獄根據罪犯的個人情況,合理組織勞動,使其矯正惡習,養成勞動習慣,學會生產技能,並為釋放後就業創造條件。

Article 70 A prison shall, in the light of the individual conditions of prisoners, rationally organize them to do labour so as to correct their bad habits, to cultivate their habits of working, to acquire production skills and to create conditions for employment after their release.

第七十一條   監獄對罪犯的勞動時間,參照國家有關勞動工時的規定執行;在季節性生產等特殊情況下,可以調整勞動時間。

Article 71 With regard to the working hours of prisoners, a prison shall make reference to the State's relevant regulations on working hours; under special circumstances such as seasonal production, the working hours may be readjusted.

罪犯有在法定節日和休息日休息的權利。

Prisoners shall have the right to rest on statutory holidays and rest days.

第七十二條   監獄對參加勞動的罪犯,應當按照有關規定給予報酬並執行國家有關勞動保護的規定。

Article 72 Prisons shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations, pay remunerations to the prisoners who take part in labour, and implement relevant regulations of the State on labour protection.

第七十三條   罪犯在勞動中致傷、致殘或者死亡的，由監獄參照國家勞動保險的有關規定處理。

Article 73 If a prisoner is injured, disabled or dead in the course of doing labour, the prison shall handle the matter with reference to relevant regulations of the State on labour insurance.

第六章 對未成年犯的教育改造

Chapter 6 Education and Reform of Juvenile Delinquents

第七十四條   對未成年犯應當在未成年犯管教所執行刑罰。

Article 74 Criminal punishments on juvenile delinquents shall be executed in the reformatories for juvenile delinquents.

第七十五條   對未成年犯執行刑罰應當以教育改造為主。未成年犯的勞動,應當符合未成年人的特點,以學習文化和生產技能為主。

Article 75 The focus in the execution of criminal punishments on juvenile delinquents shall be on education and reform. Labour for juvenile delinquents shall conform to the characteristics of minors and its main objectives shall be to acquire an elementary education and production skills.

監獄應當配合國家、社會、學校等教育機構,為未成年犯接受義務教育提供必要的條件。

A prison shall coordinate with the State, society and educational institutions such as schools in providing necessary conditions for juvenile delinquents to receive compulsory education.

第七十六條   未成年犯年滿十八周歲時,剩餘刑期不超過二年的,仍可以留在未成年犯管教所執行剩餘刑期。

Article 76 If a juvenile delinquent has reached the age of 18 and the remaining term of his sentence does not exceed two years, he may still be kept in the reformatory for juvenile delinquents for the execution of the remaining term of his sentence.

第七十七條   對未成年犯的管理和教育改造，本章未作規定的，適用本法的有關規定。

Article 77 If matters relating to the control, education and reform of juvenile delinquents are not covered by this Chapter, the relevant provisions of this Law shall apply.

第七章 附則

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

第七十八條   本法自公布之日起施行。

Article 78 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.