法律文本

中華人民共和國領事特權與豁免條例

Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning Consular Privileges and Immunities

（1990年10月30日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十六次會議通過 1990年10月30日中華人民共和國主席令第35號公布 自公布之日起施行）

(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress and promulgated by Order No. 35 of the President of the People's Republic of China on October 30, 1990)

第一條   為確定外國駐中國領館和領館成員的領事特權與豁免，便於外國駐中國領館在領區內代表其國家有效地執行職務，制定本條例。

Article 1 These Regulations are formulated for the purpose of defining the consular privileges and immunities of the foreign consulates in China and their members and facilitating the efficient performance of the functions of such foreign consulates in their consular districts as representatives of the States.

第二條   領事官員應當是具有派遣國國籍的人。如果委派具有中國或者第三國國籍的人或者派遣國在中國永久居留的人為領事官員，必須征得中國主管機關的同意。中國主管機關可以隨時撤銷此項同意。

Article 2 Consular officers shall be of the nationality of the sending State. If a person of Chinese or a third country nationality or a permanent resident of the sending State in China is to be appointed as a consular official, approval must be obtained from the competent Chinese authorities. The Chinese authorities may withdraw this consent at any time.

第三條   領館及其館長有權在領館館舍、館長寓所和館長執行職務所乘用的交通工具上，使用派遣國國旗或者國徽。

Article 3 The consular post and its head shall have the right to use the flag and emblem of the sending State on the premises of the consular post, on the residence of the head of the consular post and on his means of transport when used on official business.

第四條   領館館舍不受侵犯。中國國家工作人員進入領館館舍，須經領館館長或者派遣國使館館長或者他們兩人中一人授權的人員同意。遇有火災或者其他災害須迅速采取保護行動時，可以推定領館館長已經同意。中國有關機關應當采取適當措施保護領館館舍免受侵犯或者損害。

Article 4 The premises of the consular post shall be inviolable. Chinese government functionaries may enter them only with the consent of the head of the consular post or the head of the mission of the sending State or another person authorized by either of them. The consent of the head of the consular post may be assumed in case of fire or other disaster requiring prompt protective action. Relevant Chinese authorities shall take appropriate measures to protect consular premises against intrusion or damage.

第五條   領館館舍和館長寓所免納捐稅，但為其提供特定服務所收的費用不在此限。

Article 5 The premises of the consular post and the residence of its head shall be exempt from dues and taxes other than such as represent payment for specific services rendered.

領館辦理公務所收規費和手續費免納捐稅。

The prescribed fees and service charges levied by a consulate in the course of its official duties shall be exempt from all dues and taxes.

第六條   領館的檔案和文件不受侵犯。

Article 6 The archives and documents of a consulate shall be inviolable.

第七條   領館成員在中國境內有行動和旅行的自由，但中國政府規定禁止或者限制進入的區域除外。

Article 7. Consular members shall enjoy freedom of movement and travel within Chinese territory, except in areas where entry is prohibited or restricted by Chinese government regulations.

第八條   領館為公務目的可以同派遣國政府以及派遣國使館和其他領館自由通訊。通訊可以采用一切適當方法，包括外交信使或者領事信使、外交郵袋或者領事郵袋和明碼、密碼電信在內。

Article 8 The consular post may for official purposes communicate freely with the Government and the diplomatic mission and other consular posts of the sending State. In so doing, it may employ all appropriate means, including diplomatic and consular couriers, diplomatic and consular bags and plain code or cipher messages.

第九條   領館設置和使用無線電收發信機，必須經中國政府同意。領館運進上述設備，按照中國政府的有關規定辦理。

Article 9 The consular post may install and use a wireless transmitter-receiver only with the consent of the Chinese Government. The import of the above-mentioned equipment shall be subject to the relevant procedure prescribed by the Chinese Government.

第十條   領事郵袋不得開拆或者扣留。

Article 10 The consular bag shall not be opened or detained.

領事郵袋以裝載來往公文、公務文件及公務用品為限，應予加封並附有可資識別的外部標記。如中國有關機關有重大理由認為領事郵袋裝有上述物品以外的物品時，可要求領事官員或者其授權的人員在中國有關機關人員在場的情況下開拆；如領事官員拒絕此項要求，領事郵袋應予退回至原發送地點。

The consular bag shall be limited to official correspondence, official documents and articles for official use and shall be sealed and bear visible external marks. If a relevant Chinese authority has serious grounds for believing that articles other than the above are contained in a consular bag, a consular official or other authorised personnel may be requested to open the bag in the presence of personnel from the said Chinese authority. In the event of a consular official refusing to fulfil such a request, the consular bag shall be returned to its place of origin.

第十一條   領事信使必須是具有派遣國國籍的人，並且不得是在中國永久居留的。領事信使必須持有派遣國主管機關出具的信使證明書。領事信使人身不受侵犯，不受逮捕或者拘留。

Article 11 A consular courier must be of the nationality of the sending State and shall not be a permanent resident of China. The consular courier must have a courier certificate issued by the competent authority of the sending State. Consular couriers shall enjoy personal inviolability and shall not be liable to arrest or detention.

臨時領事信使必須持有派遣國主管機關出具的臨時信使證明書，在其負責攜帶領事郵袋期間享有與領事信使同等的豁免。

An ad hoc consular courier must have a certificate of an ad hoc courier issued by the competent authorities of the sending State, and shall enjoy the same immunities as a consular courier while responsible for carrying consular bags.

商業飛機機長或者商業船舶船長受委托可以轉遞領事郵袋，但機長或者船長必須持有委托國官方證明文件，注明所攜帶的領事郵袋件數。機長或者船長不得視為領事信使。經與中國地方人民政府主管機關商定，領館可以派領館成員與機長或者船長接交領事郵袋。

The consular bag may be entrusted to the captain of a commercial aircraft or commercial ship, but the aircraft captain or the captain must be provided with an official issued by the consignor country indicating the number of packages constituting the bag. The pilot-in-command or the captain of an aircraft shall not be permitted to be regarded as a consular courier. Upon consultation with the competent authorities of the local Chinese people's government, the consular post may send its members to receive the consular bag from or deliver it to the captain of the aircraft or ship.

第十二條   領事官員人身不受侵犯。中國有關機關應當采取適當措施，防止領事官員的人身自由和尊嚴受到侵犯。

Article 12. A consular official shall enjoy personal inviolability. The relevant Chinese authorities shall take appropriate measures to prevent any attack on his personal freedom and dignity.

領事官員不受逮捕或者拘留，但有嚴重犯罪情形，依照法定程序予以逮捕或者拘留的不在此限。

A consular official shall be exempt from arrest or detention, except in the case of a grave crime in which the arrest or detention is undertaken in accordance with legal procedures.

領事官員不受監禁，但為執行已經發生法律效力的判決的不在此限。

A consular official shall be exempt from imprisonment, except in order to execute a judgment already in force.

第十三條   領事官員的寓所不受侵犯。

Article 13 The residence of a consular officer shall be inviolable.

領事官員的文書和信件不受侵犯。

The papers and correspondence of consular officers are inviolable.

領事官員的財產不受侵犯，但本條例第十四條另有規定的除外。

The property of a consular official shall be inviolable, except as provided for in Article 14 of these Regulations.

第十四條   領事官員和領館行政技術人員執行職務的行為享有司法和行政管轄豁免。領事官員執行職務以外的行為的管轄豁免，按照中國與外國簽訂的雙邊條約、協定或者根據對等原則辦理。

Article 14. Consular officials and consular administrative and technical personnel shall enjoy immunity from judicial and administrative jurisdiction when performing their official duties. Immunity from jurisdiction of consular officers in respect of acts performed outside their official capacity shall be determined in accordance with bilateral treaties and agreements signed between China and other countries or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity.

領事官員和領館行政技術人員享有的司法管轄豁免不適用於下列各項民事訴訟：

Immunity from judicial jurisdiction enjoyed by consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post shall not apply in the following civil actions:

（一）涉及未明示以派遣國代表身份所訂的契約的訴訟；

1. an action relating to a contract not concluded expressly as an agent of the sending State;

（二）涉及在中國境內的私有不動產的訴訟，但以派遣國代表身份所擁有的為領館使用的不動產不在此限；

(II) an action relating to private immovable property situated in the territory of China, except where the immovable property is owned in its capacity as an agent of the sending State for the purposes of the consulate;

（三）以私人身份進行的遺產繼承的訴訟；

(III) an action for succession in a private capacity;

（四）因車輛、船舶或者航空器在中國境內造成的事故涉及損害賠償的訴訟。

(IV) an action for damages arising from an accident in China caused by a vehicle, vessel or aircraft.

第十五條   領館成員可以被要求在司法或者行政程序中到場作證，但沒有義務就其執行職務涉及事項作證。領館成員有權拒絕以鑒定人身份就派遣國的法律提出證詞。

Article 15. A consular member may be required to be present to give evidence in judicial or administrative procedures, but shall not be obliged to give evidence on matters relating to his performance of official duties. Members of the consular post have the right to refuse to testify as expert in the law of the sending State.

領事官員拒絕作證，不得對其采取強制措施或者給予處罰。

If consular officers refuse to give testimony, no coercive measure or penalty may be applied to them.

領館行政技術人員和領館服務人員除執行職務所涉及事項外，不得拒絕作證。

Members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post and members of the service staff shall not decline to give testimony except in cases concerning matters connected with the exercise of their functions.

第十六條   本條例規定的有關人員所享有的管轄豁免可以由派遣國政府明確表示放棄。

Article 16 The immunity from jurisdiction enjoyed by the persons concerned specified in these Regulations may be waived through explicit expression by the Government of the sending State.

依照本條例規定享有管轄豁免的人員如果主動提起訴訟，對與本訴直接有關的反訴，不得援用管轄豁免。

The initiation of proceedings by a person enjoying immunity from jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of these Regulations shall preclude him from invoking immunity from jurisdiction in respect of any counter-claim directly connected with the claim.

放棄民事管轄豁免或者行政管轄豁免，不包括對判決的執行也放棄豁免。放棄對判決執行的豁免須由派遣國政府另作明確表示。

Waiver of immunity from civil or administrative jurisdiction does not imply waiver of immunity in respect of the execution of a judgment. Waivers of immunity from the execution of a judgment must be separately and explicitly indicated by the Government of the sending State.

第十七條   領事官員和領館行政技術人員免納捐稅，但下列各項除外：

Article 17 Consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post shall be exempt from all dues and taxes, except:

（一）通常計入商品價格或者服務價格內的捐稅；

1. dues and taxes of a kind which are normally incorporated in the price of goods or services;

（二）對在中國境內私有不動產所征的捐稅，但用作領館館舍的不在此限；

2. dues or taxes on private immovable property situated in the territory of China, except that used as the premises of a consulate;

（三）有關遺產的各種捐稅，但領事官員亡故，其在中國境內的動產的有關遺產的各種捐稅免納；

(III) estate, succession or inheritance duties, except that movable property left in China by a deceased consular official shall be exempt therefrom;

（四）對來源於中國境內的私人收入所征的捐稅；

4. dues and taxes on private income having its source in China;

（五）為其提拱特定服務所收的費用。

(V) fees charged for providing specific services.

領館服務人員在領館服務所得工資，免納捐稅。

Members of the service staff of the consular post shall be exempt from dues and taxes on the wages which they receive for their service in the consular post.

第十八條   領館成員免除一切個人和公共勞務以及軍事義務。

Article 18. Consular members shall be exempt from all personal and public labour service, as well as military, obligations.

領事官員和領館行政技術人員免除中國法律、法規關於外國人登記和居留許可所規定的義務。

Consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post shall be exempt from all obligations under the laws and regulations of China in regard to the registration of aliens and residence permits.

第十九條   領館運進的公務用品，領事官員運進的自用物品和領館行政技術人員到任後半年內運進的自用物品包括安家物品，按照中國政府的有關規定免納關稅和其他捐稅，但保管、運輸及類似服務費用除外。

Article 19 Imported articles for the official use of the consular post, those for the personal use of consular officers, and those for the personal use of members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post, including articles intended for their establishment, imported within six months of the time of installation shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the Chinese Government, be exempt from customs duties and all other related dues and taxes with the exception of charges for storage, transportation and similar services.

領事官員和領館行政技術人員運進的前款所述自用物品，不得超過直接需要的數量。

Imported articles for the personal use of consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post referred to in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed the quantities necessary for their direct utilization.

領事官員的私人行李免受查驗，但中國有關機關有重大理由認為其中裝有不屬於本條第一款規定的自用物品或者中國法律和政府規定禁止運進、運出或者管制的物品，可以查驗。查驗時，須有領事官員或者授權的人員到場。

The personal baggage of a consular official shall be exempt from inspection, unless a relevant Chinese authority has serious grounds for believing that it contains articles not covered by the exemptions specified in the first paragraph of this Article or items the import or export of which is prohibited or controlled by Chinese laws and government regulations, in which case an inspection may be undertaken. Such inspection must be conducted in the presence of the consular officer or an authorised representative.

第二十條   領館和領館成員攜帶自用的槍支、子彈入出境，必須經中國政府批準，並且按照中國政府的有關規定辦理。

Article 20 The consular post and its members may carry firearms and bullets into or out of China for their personal use, subject to the approval of the Chinese government and to its relevant regulations.

第二十一條   與領事官員、領館行政技術人員、領館服務人員共同生活的配偶及未成年子女，分別享有領事官員、領館行政技術人員、領館服務人員根據本條例第七條、第十七條、第十八條、第十九條的規定所享有的特權與豁免，但身為中國公民或者在中國永久居留的外國人除外。

Article 21 The spouse and underage children of consular officers, of members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post or of members of the service staff of the consular post forming part of their respective households, except those who are nationals of China or aliens permanently residing in China, shall respectively enjoy the privileges and immunities accorded to the consular officers, the members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post or the members of the service staff of the consular post in accordance with the provisions of Articles 7, 17, 18 and 19 of these Regulations.

第二十二條   領事官員如果是中國公民或者在中國永久居留的外國人，僅就其執行職務的行為，享有本條例規定的特權與豁免。

Article 22. A consular official who is a Chinese citizen or a foreigner with permanent residence status in China shall enjoy the privileges and immunities stipulated in these Regulations only in respect of acts performed in the course of official duties.

領館行政技術人員或者領館服務人員如果是中國公民或者在中國永久居留的外國人，除沒有義務就其執行職務所涉及事項作證外，不享有本條例規定的特權與豁免。

Members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post and members of the service staff of the consular post who are nationals of China or aliens permanently residing in China shall not enjoy the privileges and immunities provided for in these Regulations except that they shall have no obligation to give evidence concerning matters connected with the exercise of their functions.

私人服務人員不享有本條例規定的特權與豁免。

Private attendants shall not enjoy the privileges and immunities stipulated in these Regulations.

第二十三條   下列人員在中國過境或者逗留期間享有所必需的豁免和不受侵犯：

Article 23 The following persons shall enjoy necessary immunity and inviolability during their transit through or sojourn in China:

（一）途經中國的外國駐第三國的領事官員和與其共同生活的配偶及未成年子女；

1. a consular official stationed in a third State who passes through China together with his spouse and underage children forming part of his household;

（二）持有中國外交簽證或者持有與中國互免簽證國家外交護照的外國領事官員。

(II) A foreign consular official who has a diplomatic visa from China or who holds a diplomatic passport of a country with which China has an agreement on the mutual exemption of visas.

第二十四條   享有領事特權與豁免的人員：

Article 24 Persons enjoying consular privileges and immunities under these Regulations shall:

（一）應當尊重中國的法律、法規；

1. respect Chinese laws and regulations;

（二）不得幹涉中國的內政；

2. not interfere in the internal affairs of China;

（三）不得將領館館舍和領館成員的寓所充作與執行領事職務不相符合的用途。

(III) not use the premises of the consular post and the residence of members of the consular post for purposes incompatible with the exercise of consular functions.

第二十五條   領事官員不得在中國境內為私人利益從事任何職務範圍以外的職業或者商業活動。

Article 25 Consular officers shall not practise for personal profit any professional or commercial activity outside their official functions on Chinese territory.

第二十六條   如果外國給予中國駐該國領館、領館成員以及途經或者臨時去該國的中國駐第三國領事官員的領事特權與豁免，不同於中國給予該國駐中國領館、領館成員以及途經或者臨時來中國的該國駐第三國領事官員領事特權與豁免，中國政府根據對等原則，可以給予該國駐中國領館、領館成員以及途經或者臨時來中國的該國駐第三國領事官員以相應的領事特權與豁免。

Article 26. If the consular privileges and immunities accorded by a foreign State to a Chinese consulate and its members in that State or Chinese consular officials stationed in a third State who pass through or visit that State temporarily differ from those which China accords the consulate of that State and its members stationed in China or consular officials of that State stationed in a third State who pass through or visit China, the Chinese Government may accord corresponding consular privileges and immunities to the consulate of that State and its members stationed in China or consular officials of that State stationed in a third State who pass through or visit China.

第二十七條   中國締結或者參加的國際條約對領事特權與豁免另有規定的，按照國際條約的規定辦理，但中國聲明保留的條款除外。

Article 27 Where the international treaties to which China is a contracting or acceding party provide otherwise in respect of consular privileges and immunities, such provisions shall prevail, with the exception of those on which China has expressed reservations.

中國與外國簽訂的雙邊條約或者協定對領事特權與豁免另有規定的，按照條約或者協定的規定執行。

In the event of a bilateral treaty or agreement concluded between China and a foreign country stipulating other provisions on consular privileges and immunities, such provisions shall prevail.

第二十八條   本條例中下列用語的含義是：

Article 28 For the purpose of these Regulations, the following terms shall have the meanings ascribed thereto below:

（一）“領館”是指總領事館、領事館、副領事館或者領事代理處；

1. "consular post" means any consulate -general, consulate, vice-consulate or consular agency;

（二）“領區”是指為領館執行領事職務而設定的區域；

(II) "consular district" means the area assigned to a consular post for the exercise of consular functions;

（三）“領館館長”是指派遣國委派領導領館的總領事、領事、副領事或者領事代理人；

(III) "head of consular post" means the consul-general, consul, vice-consul or consular agent appointed by the sending State for the purpose of directing the consular post;

（四）“領事官員”是指總領事、副總領事、領事、副領事、領事隨員或者領事代理人；

(IV) "consular official" means the consul-general, vice-consul-general, consul, vice-consul and consular attache or consular agent;

（五）“領館行政技術人員”是指從事領館行政或者技術工作的人員；

(V) "members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post" mean the members of the staff of the consular post engaged in the administrative or technical work;

（六）“領館服務人員”是指從事領館服務工作的人員；

(VI) "members of the service staff" mean the members of the staff of the consular post engaged in the service of the consular post;

（七）“領館成員”是指領事官員、領館行政技術人員和領館服務人員；

(VII) "members of the consular post" mean consular officers, members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post and members of the service staff of the consular post;

（八）“私人服務人員”是指領館成員私人雇用的服務人員；

(VIII) "private attendant" means an attendant in the private employment of a member of the consular post;

（九）“領館館舍”是指專供領館使用的建築物或者部分建築物及其附屬的土地。

(IX) "consular premises" mean the buildings or parts of buildings and the land ancillary thereto used exclusively for the purposes of the consular post;

第二十九條   本條例自公布之日起施行。

Article 29 These Regulations shall be effective as of the date of promulgation.