法律文本

中華人民共和國義務教育法（2018修正）

Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China (2018 Revision)

（1986年4月12日第六屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議通過 2006年6月29日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十二次會議修訂 根據2015年4月24日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十四次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國義務教育法〉等五部法律的決定》第一次修正 根據2018年12月29日第十三屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第七次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國產品質量法〉等五部法律的決定》第二次修正）

(Adopted at the 4th Session of the 6th National People 's Congress on April 12, 1986; revised at the 22nd Session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress on June 29, 2006; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Revising Five Laws including the Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 14th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on April 24, 2015; and amended for the second time according to the Decision on Revising Five Laws including the Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China passed at the 7th Session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress on December 29, 2018)

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了保障適齡兒童、少年接受義務教育的權利，保證義務教育的實施，提高全民族素質，根據憲法和教育法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution and the Education Law, for the purpose of ensuring the right of school-age children and adolescents to compulsory education, guaranteeing provision of compulsory education and improving the qualities of the entire nation.

第二條   國家實行九年義務教育制度。

Article 2 The State applies a system of nine-year compulsory education.

義務教育是國家統一實施的所有適齡兒童、少年必須接受的教育，是國家必須予以保障的公益性事業。

Compulsory education means education which is uniformly provided by the State and which all the school-age children and adolescents must receive, and constitutes a public welfare undertaking which must be guaranteed by the State.

實施義務教育，不收學費、雜費。

No tuition or miscellaneous fees shall be charged for provision of compulsory education.

國家建立義務教育經費保障機制，保證義務教育制度實施。

The State establishes a mechanism for guaranteeing funds for compulsory education, to ensure implementation of the system of compulsory education.

第三條   義務教育必須貫徹國家的教育方針，實施素質教育，提高教育質量，使適齡兒童、少年在品德、智力、體質等方面全面發展，為培養有理想、有道德、有文化、有紀律的社會主義建設者和接班人奠定基礎。

Article 3 In compulsory education, the State policy on education shall be implemented by providing qualities-oriented education, to improve the quality of instruction, with a view to enabling school-age children and adolescents to achieve all-round development -- morally, intellectually and physically, so as to lay the foundation for bringing up well-educated and self-disciplined builders and successors of socialism imbued with lofty ideals and moral integrity.

第四條   凡具有中華人民共和國國籍的適齡兒童、少年，不分性別、民族、種族、家庭財產狀況、宗教信仰等，依法享有平等接受義務教育的權利，並履行接受義務教育的義務。

Article 4 All school-age children and adolescents of the nationality of the People's Republic of China shall, in accordance with law, enjoy the equal right, and fulfill the obligation, to receive compulsory education, regardless of sex, ethnic status or race, family financial conditions, religious belief, etc.

第五條   各級人民政府及其有關部門應當履行本法規定的各項職責，保障適齡兒童、少年接受義務教育的權利。

Article 5 People's governments at various levels and their departments concerned shall perform the duties provided for in this Law, to ensure the right of school-age children and adolescents to compulsory education.

適齡兒童、少年的父母或者其他法定監護人應當依法保證其按時入學接受並完成義務教育。

The parents of school-age children and adolescents or other statutory guardians shall, in accordance with law, guarantee that they start school at the specified age and receive and complete compulsory education.

依法實施義務教育的學校應當按照規定標準完成教育教學任務，保證教育教學質量。

Schools providing compulsory education according to law shall accomplish the tasks of instruction and teaching in compliance with the prescribed standards and guarantee the quality of instruction and teaching.

社會組織和個人應當為適齡兒童、少年接受義務教育創造良好的環境。

Public organizations and individuals shall create a good environment for school-age children and adolescents to receive compulsory education.

第六條   國務院和縣級以上地方人民政府應當合理配置教育資源，促進義務教育均衡發展，改善薄弱學校的辦學條件，並采取措施，保障農村地區、民族地區實施義務教育，保障家庭經濟困難的和殘疾的適齡兒童、少年接受義務教育。

Article 6 The State Council and the local people's governments at or above the county level shall rationally allocate educational resources, promote balanced development of compulsory education, help the schools started on weak foundations to improve the conditions for school running, and adopt measures to ensure that compulsory education is provided in rural areas and in areas inhabited by ethnic groups and that the school-age children and adolescents who are from families with financial difficulties or who are disabled receive compulsory education.

國家組織和鼓勵經濟發達地區支援經濟欠發達地區實施義務教育。

The State makes arrangements for and encourages the economically developed areas to support the underdeveloped areas in providing compulsory education.

第七條   義務教育實行國務院領導，省、自治區、直轄市人民政府統籌規劃實施，縣級人民政府為主管理的體制。

Article 7 In compulsory education, the system shall be practiced under which the State Council shall provide guidance, the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall make overall plans for its provision and the people's governments at the county level shall play the main role in administration.

縣級以上人民政府教育行政部門具體負責義務教育實施工作；縣級以上人民政府其他有關部門在各自的職責範圍內負責義務教育實施工作。

The administrative departments for education of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible specifically for the provision compulsory education, and the other administrative departments concerned of the said people's governments shall be responsible for the provision of such education within the scope of their respective duties.

第八條   人民政府教育督導機構對義務教育工作執行法律法規情況、教育教學質量以及義務教育均衡發展狀況等進行督導，督導報告向社會公布。

Article 8 The authorities of the people's governments for educational supervision shall oversee the observation of laws and regulations in compulsory education, the quality of instruction and teaching and the balanced development of compulsory education, and announce their reports on supervision.

第九條   任何社會組織或者個人有權對違反本法的行為向有關國家機關提出檢舉或者控告。

Article 9 All public organizations and individuals shall have the right to inform the State organs concerned of violations of this Law or lodge complaints against such violations with the said organs.

發生違反本法的重大事件，妨礙義務教育實施，造成重大社會影響的，負有領導責任的人民政府或者人民政府教育行政部門負責人應當引咎辭職。

Where a major event in violation of this Law occurs, which impedes provision of compulsory education, thus exerting a great impact on the society, the leading person of the people's government concerned or of the administrative department for education of the people's government shall admit his mistake and resign.

第十條   對在義務教育實施工作中做出突出貢獻的社會組織和個人，各級人民政府及其有關部門按照有關規定給予表彰、獎勵。

Article 10 Public organizations and individuals that make outstanding contribution to provision of compulsory education shall be commended and rewarded by the people's governments at different levels and the related departments in accordance with relevant regulations.

第二章 學 生

Chapter Two Students

第十一條   凡年滿六周歲的兒童，其父母或者其他法定監護人應當送其入學接受並完成義務教育；條件不具備的地區的兒童，可以推遲到七周歲。

Article 11 When children have reached the age of six, their parents or other statutory guardians shall send them to school to receive and complete compulsory education. For children in areas where conditions do not exist for children to do so, the beginning of their schooling may be postponed to the age of seven.

適齡兒童、少年因身體狀況需要延緩入學或者休學的，其父母或者其他法定監護人應當提出申請，由當地鄉鎮人民政府或者縣級人民政府教育行政部門批準。

If, on account of physical conditions, school-age children or adolescents need to postpone schooling or be suspended from school, their parents or other statutory guardians shall submit an application to such an effect for approval to the local people's governments of the towns or townships or to the administrative departments for education of the people's governments at the county level.

第十二條   適齡兒童、少年免試入學。地方各級人民政府應當保障適齡兒童、少年在戶籍所在地學校就近入學。

Article 12 School-age children and adolescents shall be exempted from the entrance examinations. The local people's governments at various levels shall ensure that school-age children and adolescents enroll in schools near the places where their residence is registered.

父母或者其他法定監護人在非戶籍所在地工作或者居住的適齡兒童、少年，在其父母或者其他法定監護人工作或者居住地接受義務教育的，當地人民政府應當為其提供平等接受義務教育的條件。具體辦法由省、自治區、直轄市規定。

For school-age children and adolescents whose parents or other statutory guardians work or reside in places other than the places of their registered residence and who have to receive compulsory education in the places where their parents or other statutory guardians work or reside, the local people's governments shall provide equal conditions for them to receive compulsory education. The specific measures shall be formulated by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

縣級人民政府教育行政部門對本行政區域內的軍人子女接受義務教育予以保障。

The administrative department for education of the people's government at the county level shall ensure that the children of servicemen within its administrative area receive compulsory education.

第十三條   縣級人民政府教育行政部門和鄉鎮人民政府組織和督促適齡兒童、少年入學，幫助解決適齡兒童、少年接受義務教育的困難，采取措施防止適齡兒童、少年辍學。

Article 13 The administrative departments for education of the people's governments at or above the county level and the people's governments of towns or townships shall arrange for and urge school-age children and adolescents to enroll in school, help solve their difficulties in receiving compulsory education, and adopt measures to prevent them from dropping out of school.

居民委員會和村民委員會協助政府做好工作，督促適齡兒童、少年入學。

The residents' committees and villagers' committees shall assist the governments in successfully urging school-age children and adolescents to enroll in school.

第十四條   禁止用人單位招用應當接受義務教育的適齡兒童、少年。

Article 14 No employing units shall employ school-age children or adolescents who are expected to receive compulsory education.

根據國家有關規定經批準招收適齡兒童、少年進行文藝、體育等專業訓練的社會組織，應當保證所招收的適齡兒童、少年接受義務教育；自行實施義務教育的，應當經縣級人民政府教育行政部門批準。

The public organizations which have obtained approval according to relevant State regulations to recruit school-age children and adolescents for special training in literature and art or sports shall guarantee that the recruited school-age children or adolescents receive compulsory education; where a public organization intends to provide compulsory education itself, the matter shall be subject to approval by the administrative department for education of the people's government at or above the county level.

第三章 學 校

Chapter 3 Schools

第十五條   縣級以上地方人民政府根據本行政區域內居住的適齡兒童、少年的數量和分布狀況等因素，按照國家有關規定，制定、調整學校設置規劃。新建居民區需要設置學校的，應當與居民區的建設同步進行。

Article 15 The local people's government at or above the county level shall, on the basis of such factors as the number of the school-age children and adolescents and the places of their residence within its administrative area and according to relevant State regulations, formulate and adjust the plans for the establishment of schools. Where schools need to be established in new residential areas, schools shall be established simultaneously with the construction of the residential areas.

第十六條   學校建設，應當符合國家規定的辦學標準，適應教育教學需要；應當符合國家規定的選址要求和建設標準，確保學生和教職工安全。

Article 16 Establishment of schools shall be in compliance with the standards for running schools prescribed by the State and meet the need of instruction and teaching, and shall meet the requirements for location and the standard for construction, as are prescribed by the State, in order to ensure safety of the students and the teaching and administrative staff.

第十七條   縣級人民政府根據需要設置寄宿制學校，保障居住分散的適齡兒童、少年入學接受義務教育。

Article 17 People's governments at or above the county level may, in light of need, establish boarding schools to ensure that the school-age children and adolescents who live far from school receive compulsory education.

第十八條   國務院教育行政部門和省、自治區、直轄市人民政府根據需要，在經濟發達地區設置接收少數民族適齡兒童、少年的學校(班)。

Article 18 The administrative department for education under the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in light of need, establish schools (classes) in economically developed areas to enroll school-age children and adolescents of ethnic groups.

第十九條   縣級以上地方人民政府根據需要設置相應的實施特殊教育的學校（班），對視力殘疾、聽力語言殘疾和智力殘疾的適齡兒童、少年實施義務教育。特殊教育學校（班）應當具備適應殘疾兒童、少年學習、康複、生活特點的場所和設施。

Article 19 People's governments at or above the county level shall, in light of need, establish schools (classes) to provide special education that is appropriate for school-age children and adolescents who are blind, deaf-mute or mentally retarded to receive compulsory education. Such schools (classes) shall have places and facilities tailored to the special characteristics of the said children and adolescents for the benefit of their study, rehabilitation and daily life.

普通學校應當接收具有接受普通教育能力的殘疾適齡兒童、少年隨班就讀，並為其學習、康複提供幫助。

Regular schools shall admit to the classes corresponding to the levels of the disabled school-age children and adolescents who are capable of receiving regular education and provide them with aid in study and rehabilitation.

第二十條   縣級以上地方人民政府根據需要，為具有預防未成年人犯罪法規定的嚴重不良行為的適齡少年設置專門的學校實施義務教育。

Article 20 The local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in light of need, establish special schools to provide compulsory education to the school-age adolescents who are prone to such serious juvenile misbehaviors as are specified in the law on prevention of juvenile delinquency.

第二十一條   對未完成義務教育的未成年犯和被采取強制性教育措施的未成年人應當進行義務教育，所需經費由人民政府予以保障。

Article 21 The juvenile delinquents and the minors against whom compulsory educational measures are taken, who have not completed compulsory education, shall be provided with such education, and the funds needed in this respect shall be guaranteed by the people's governments.

第二十二條   縣級以上人民政府及其教育行政部門應當促進學校均衡發展，縮小學校之間辦學條件的差距，不得將學校分為重點學校和非重點學校。學校不得分設重點班和非重點班。

Article 22 People's governments at or above the county level and the administrative departments for education shall promote balanced development among schools by narrowing the differences in the conditions for school running, and they shall not divide the schools into key and non-key schools. The school shall not divide the classes into key and non-key classes.

縣級以上人民政府及其教育行政部門不得以任何名義改變或者變相改變公辦學校的性質。

People's governments at or above the county level and their administrative departments for education shall not change the nature of government-run schools in any name or in a disguised form.

第二十三條   各級人民政府及其有關部門依法維護學校周邊秩序，保護學生、教師、學校的合法權益，為學校提供安全保障。

Article 23 People's governments at or above the county level and their departments concerned shall, in accordance with law, maintain order in the areas surrounding the schools, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the students, teachers and schools and ensure security of the schools.

第二十四條   學校應當建立、健全安全制度和應急機制，對學生進行安全教育，加強管理，及時消除隱患，預防發生事故。

Article 24 Schools shall set up a sound security system and a mechanism in response to emergencies, conduct education among students in the importance of security, tighten administration, eliminate hidden hazards in time and prevent accidents.

縣級以上地方人民政府定期對學校校舍安全進行檢查；對需要維修、改造的，及時予以維修、改造。

People's governments at or above the county level shall regularly inspect school buildings with respect to their safety and have them maintained or renovated in time, where necessary.

學校不得聘用曾經因故意犯罪被依法剝奪政治權利或者其他不適合從事義務教育工作的人擔任工作人員。

Schools shall not employ persons who have been deprived of their political rights for intentional crimes or persons who are not suited to compulsory education.

第二十五條   學校不得違反國家規定收取費用，不得以向學生推銷或者變相推銷商品、服務等方式謀取利益。

Article 25 Schools shall not collect any fees in violation of State regulations, nor shall they seek profits by selling commodities, services, etc. to students or doing so in disguised form.

第二十六條   學校實行校長負責制。校長應當符合國家規定的任職條件。校長由縣級人民政府教育行政部門依法聘任。

Article 26 The system under which the principal assumes full responsibility shall be practiced in schools. Principals shall meet the qualification requirements for the post as prescribed by the State. Principals shall be appointed according to law by the administrative departments for education of the people's governments at the county level.

第二十七條   對違反學校管理制度的學生，學校應當予以批評教育，不得開除。

Article 27 Where a student violates the administrative rules of the school, the school shall criticize him by way of education, but shall not expel him.

第四章 教 師

Chapter 4 Instructor

第二十八條   教師享有法律規定的權利，履行法律規定的義務，應當為人師表，忠誠於人民的教育事業。

Article 28 Teachers shall enjoy the rights, and fulfill the duties, as provided for by law, and they shall play an exemplary role for other persons and be devoted to the educational undertaking of the people.

全社會應當尊重教師。

The entire society shall respect teachers.

第二十九條   教師在教育教學中應當平等對待學生，關注學生的個體差異，因材施教，促進學生的充分發展。

Article 29 Teachers shall treat students equally in instruction and teaching, pay attention to the individual differences of students, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and promote their full development.

教師應當尊重學生的人格，不得歧視學生，不得對學生實施體罰、變相體罰或者其他侮辱人格尊嚴的行為，不得侵犯學生合法權益。

Teachers shall respect the personality of students, and they shall not discriminate against students, punish them physically or in disguised form, or humiliate them or strip them of their dignity, nor shall they infringe on the students' legitimate rights and interests.

第三十條   教師應當取得國家規定的教師資格。

Article 30 Teachers shall obtain the qualifications for teachers as prescribed by the State.

國家建立統一的義務教育教師職務制度。教師職務分為初級職務、中級職務和高級職務。

The State shall establish a unified system for the posts of teachers engaged in compulsory education. The posts of teachers are divided into primary, intermediate and senior posts.

第三十一條   各級人民政府保障教師工資福利和社會保險待遇，改善教師工作和生活條件；完善農村教師工資經費保障機制。

Article 31 People's governments at various levels shall guarantee the salaries, welfare benefits and social insurance premiums of the teachers and improve their working and living conditions, and improve the mechanism for guaranteeing the funds for the salaries of teachers in rural areas.

教師的平均工資水平應當不低於當地公務員的平均工資水平。

The average salary of teachers shall not be lower than that of local public servants.

特殊教育教師享有特殊崗位補助津貼。在民族地區和邊遠貧困地區工作的教師享有艱苦貧困地區補助津貼。

Teachers in special education enjoy special position allowance. Teachers working in areas inhabited by ethnic groups or in outlying or poverty-stricken areas shall enjoy subsidies for working under tough conditions or in poverty-stricken areas.

第三十二條   縣級以上人民政府應當加強教師培養工作，采取措施發展教師教育。

Article 32 People's governments at or above the county level shall put more efforts in the training of teachers and adopt measures for developing education among teachers.

縣級人民政府教育行政部門應當均衡配置本行政區域內學校師資力量，組織校長、教師的培訓和流動，加強對薄弱學校的建設。

The administrative departments for education of the people's governments at the county level shall distribute the resources of teachers within their own administrative areas in a balanced manner, arrange training for principals and teachers and arrange for their transfer from school to school, and enhance the development of schools started on weak foundations.

第三十三條   國務院和地方各級人民政府鼓勵和支持城市學校教師和高等學校畢業生到農村地區、民族地區從事義務教育工作。

Article 33 The State Council and the local people's governments at various levels shall encourage and support teachers in urban schools and graduates of schools of higher education to go to rural areas and areas inhabited by ethnic groups to engage in compulsory education.

國家鼓勵高等學校畢業生以志願者的方式到農村地區、民族地區缺乏教師的學校任教。縣級人民政府教育行政部門依法認定其教師資格，其任教時間計入工齡。

The State encourages graduates of institutions of higher education to teach as volunteers in schools in rural areas and in areas inhabited by ethnic groups where teachers are lacking. The administrative departments for education of the people's governments at the county level shall vouch for their qualifications as teachers according to law, and the length of time of their teaching shall be counted in their length of service.

第五章 教育教學

Chapter 5 Education and Teaching

第三十四條   教育教學工作應當符合教育規律和學生身心發展特點，面向全體學生，教書育人，將德育、智育、體育、美育等有機統一在教育教學活動中，注重培養學生獨立思考能力、創新能力和實踐能力，促進學生全面發展。

Article 34 Instruction and teaching shall be carried out in conformity with the pattern of education and the characteristics of students' physical and mental development, be oriented to the need of all students and designed to impart knowledge to them by organically integrating moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education in instruction and teaching, with special attention paid to developing their ability of independent thinking, creativity and practice, in order to enable them to develop in an all-round way.

第三十五條   國務院教育行政部門根據適齡兒童、少年身心發展的狀況和實際情況，確定教學制度、教育教學內容和課程設置，改革考試制度，並改進高級中等學校招生辦法，推進實施素質教育。

Article 35 The administrative department for education under the State Council shall, on the basis of the physical and mental development of school-age children and adolescents and the actual conditions, determine the teaching system, the contents of instruction and teaching and curriculums, reform the examination system and improve the method of student enrollment by senior secondary schools, in order to promote qualities-oriented education.

學校和教師按照確定的教育教學內容和課程設置開展教育教學活動，保證達到國家規定的基本質量要求。

Schools and teachers shall conduct instruction and teaching in accordance with the determined contents of instruction and teaching and curriculums and ensure that the requirements specified by the State in respect of the essential qualities are met.

國家鼓勵學校和教師采用啟發式教育等教育教學方法，提高教育教學質量。

The State encourages schools and teachers to adopt such methods of education and teaching as heuristic education in order to improve the quality of education and teaching.

第三十六條   學校應當把德育放在首位，寓德育於教育教學之中，開展與學生年齡相適應的社會實踐活動，形成學校、家庭、社會相互配合的思想道德教育體系，促進學生養成良好的思想品德和行為習慣。

Article 36 Schools shall put moral education in the first place and embodying moral education in instruction and teaching, carry out social practices that are suited to the ages of the students, thus to form a system for ideological and moral education in which the school, family and society cooperate with each other and help students cultivate good ideology and moral character and a good habit of conduct.

第三十七條   學校應當保證學生的課外活動時間，組織開展文化娛樂等課外活動。社會公共文化體育設施應當為學校開展課外活動提供便利。

Article 37 Schools shall guarantee the students time for extracurricular activities and organize extracurricular cultural and recreation activities, etc. Public cultural and sports facilities shall be made convenient for schools to carry out extracurricular activities.

第三十八條   教科書根據國家教育方針和課程標準編寫，內容力求精簡，精選必備的基礎知識、基本技能，經濟實用，保證質量。

Article 38 Textbooks shall be compiled in compliance with the educational policy and curricular standards of the State, and their contents shall be simplified by selecting the essential, basic knowledge and skills, the textbooks shall be affordable and of practical use, and their quality shall be guaranteed.

國家機關工作人員和教科書審查人員，不得參與或者變相參與教科書的編寫工作。

Staff members of government departments and the persons responsible for examining textbooks shall not participate in compiling textbooks or do so in disguised form.

第三十九條   國家實行教科書審定制度。教科書的審定辦法由國務院教育行政部門規定。

Article 39 The State practices an examination and approval system for textbooks. The measures for examination and approval of textbooks shall be formulated by the administrative department for education under the State Council.

未經審定的教科書，不得出版、選用。

Textbooks which have not been examined and for which no approval has been obtained shall not be published or used.

第四十條   教科書價格由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府價格行政部門會同同級出版主管部門按照微利原則確定。

Article 40 The prices for textbooks shall be fixed under the principle of minimum profits by the administrative departments for pricing under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, together with the administrative departments for publication at the same level.

第四十一條   國家鼓勵教科書循環使用。

Article 41 The State encourages cyclical use of textbooks.

第六章 經費保障

Chapter 6 Guarantee of Funds

第四十二條   國家將義務教育全面納入財政保障範圍，義務教育經費由國務院和地方各級人民政府依照本法規定予以保障。

Article 42 The State places compulsory education completely within the scope of financial guarantee, and the funds for compulsory education shall be guaranteed by the State Council and the local people's governments at various levels according to the provisions of this Law.

國務院和地方各級人民政府將義務教育經費納入財政預算，按照教職工編制標準、工資標準和學校建設標準、學生人均公用經費標準等，及時足額撥付義務教育經費，確保學校的正常運轉和校舍安全，確保教職工工資按照規定發放。

The State Council and the local people's governments at various levels shall incorporate the funds for compulsory education into their budgets and allot such funds in full and in a timely manner in conformity with the standards for the size of the teaching staff and their salaries and the standards for the development of schools and for the average amount of funds per student for public use, in order to ensure the normal running of schools, the safety of the school buildings and the payment of the salaries of the teaching staff according to regulations.

國務院和地方各級人民政府用於實施義務教育財政撥款的增長比例應當高於財政經常性收入的增長比例，保證按照在校學生人數平均的義務教育費用逐步增長，保證教職工工資和學生人均公用經費逐步增長。

The percentage of increase in government funds allotted for compulsory education by the State Council and the local people's governments at various levels shall be higher than the percentage of increase in regular government revenues, in order to ensure the gradual increase in the average amount of funds for compulsory education per student in school, in the salaries of the teaching staff and in the average amount of funds per student for public use.

第四十三條   學校的學生人均公用經費基本標準由國務院財政部門會同教育行政部門制定，並根據經濟和社會發展狀況適時調整。制定、調整學生人均公用經費基本標準，應當滿足教育教學基本需要。

Article 43 The basic standard for the average amount of funds per school student for public use shall be formulated by the administrative department for finance under the State Council together with the administrative department for education and be adjusted in time on the basis of economic and social development. When the standard for the average amount of funds per student for public use is formulated or adjusted, attention shall be paid to meeting the basic need of instruction and teaching.

省、自治區、直轄市人民政府可以根據本行政區域的實際情況，制定不低於國家標準的學校學生人均公用經費標準。

The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in light of the realities within their own administrative areas, formulate the standard for the average amount of funds per school student for public use which shall not be lower than the standard formulated by the State.

特殊教育學校（班）學生人均公用經費標準應當高於普通學校學生人均公用經費標準。

The standard for the average amount of funds per student for public use of schools (classes) providing special education shall be higher than that for students of regular schools.

第四十四條   義務教育經費投入實行國務院和地方各級人民政府根據職責共同負擔，省、自治區、直轄市人民政府負責統籌落實的體制。農村義務教育所需經費，由各級人民政府根據國務院的規定分項目、按比例分擔。

Article 44 Input of funds for compulsory education shall be provided jointly by the State Council and the local people's governments at various levels on the basis of their respective duties, and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for establishing a system for overall planning for bringing such provision into effect. The funds needed for compulsory education in rural areas shall be shared by the people's governments at various levels on the basis of the items and proportions as prescribed by the State Council.

各級人民政府對家庭經濟困難的適齡兒童、少年免費提供教科書並補助寄宿生生活費。

People's governments at various levels shall gratuitously provide textbooks for the school-age children and adolescents whose families are in financial difficulties, and subsidize resident students in living expenses.

義務教育經費保障的具體辦法由國務院規定。

The specific measures for guaranteeing funds for compulsory education shall be formulated by the State Council.

第四十五條   地方各級人民政府在財政預算中將義務教育經費單列。

Article 45 The local people's governments at various levels shall separately list the funds for compulsory education in their financial budgets.

縣級人民政府編制預算，除向農村地區學校和薄弱學校傾斜外，應當均衡安排義務教育經費。

When drawing up their budgets, people's governments at the county level shall arrange the funds for compulsory education in a balanced manner, apart from giving preferential consideration to schools in rural areas and schools started on weak foundations.

第四十六條   國務院和省、自治區、直轄市人民政府規範財政轉移支付制度，加大一般性轉移支付規模和規範義務教育專項轉移支付，支持和引導地方各級人民政府增加對義務教育的投入。地方各級人民政府確保將上級人民政府的義務教育轉移支付資金按照規定用於義務教育。

Article 46 The State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall standardize the financial system for transfer payment, increase the amount of such transfer of a general nature and standardize the transfer payment specially for compulsory education, in order to support and guide the local people's governments at various levels in increasing their input in compulsory education. The local people's governments at various levels shall make sure that the funds provided through transfer payment by the people's governments at the higher levels for compulsory education be used for compulsory education according to regulations.

第四十七條   國務院和縣級以上地方人民政府根據實際需要，設立專項資金，扶持農村地區、民族地區實施義務教育。

Article 47 The State Council and the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in light of actual need, set up special funds to assist the rural areas and the areas inhabited by ethnic groups in providing compulsory education.

第四十八條   國家鼓勵社會組織和個人向義務教育捐贈，鼓勵按照國家有關基金會管理的規定設立義務教育基金。

Article 48 The State encourages public organizations and individuals to make donations to compulsory education, and encourages the establishment of foundations for compulsory education in accordance with the State regulations governing the administration of foundations.

第四十九條   義務教育經費嚴格按照預算規定用於義務教育；任何組織和個人不得侵占、挪用義務教育經費，不得向學校非法收取或者攤派費用。

Article 49 The funds for compulsory education shall strictly be used in a way as specified in the budget. No organizations or individuals may take illegal possession of or misappropriate such funds, or illegally collect fees from schools or apportion fees among them.

第五十條   縣級以上人民政府建立健全義務教育經費的審計監督和統計公告制度。

Article 50 People's governments at or above the county level shall establish a sound system of supervision through auditing and of announcement of statistics in respect of the funds for compulsory education.

第七章 法律責任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

第五十一條   國務院有關部門和地方各級人民政府違反本法第六章的規定，未履行對義務教育經費保障職責的，由國務院或者上級地方人民政府責令限期改正；情節嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分。

Article 51 Where the related department of the State Council or a local people's government, in violation of the provisions in Chapter VI of this Law, fails to perform the duty of guaranteeing the funds for compulsory education, it shall be ordered by the State Council or the people's government at a higher level to make rectification within a time limit; and if the circumstances are serious, the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.

第五十二條   縣級以上地方人民政府有下列情形之一的，由上級人民政府責令限期改正；情節嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分：

Article 52 A local people's government at or above the county level shall, under one of the following circumstances, be ordered by the people's government at a higher level to make rectification within a time limit; and if the circumstances are serious, the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions according to law:

(一)未按照國家有關規定制定、調整學校的設置規劃的；

1. failing to formulate or adjust the plans for the establishment of schools according to relevant State regulations;

(二)學校建設不符合國家規定的辦學標準、選址要求和建設標準的；

2. failing to establish schools in compliance with the standards for running schools, the requirements for location and the standard for construction as prescribed by the State;

(三)未定期對學校校舍安全進行檢查，並及時維修、改造的；

3. Failing to regularly inspect school buildings with respect to their safety and to have them maintained or renovated in time; or

（四）未依照本法規定均衡安排義務教育經費的。

(IV) failing to arrange the funds for compulsory education in a balanced manner according to law.

第五十三條   縣級以上人民政府或者其教育行政部門有下列情形之一的，由上級人民政府或者其教育行政部門責令限期改正、通報批評；情節嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分：

Article 53 A people's government at or above the county level or its administrative department for education shall, under one of the following circumstances, be ordered to make rectification within a time limit and be criticized in a circular by the people's government at a higher level or its administrative department for education; and if the circumstances are serious, the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions according to law:

（一)將學校分為重點學校和非重點學校的；

1. dividing schools into key and non-key schools; or

（二）改變或者變相改變公辦學校性質的。

(II) changing, or changing in disguised form, the nature of government-run schools.

縣級人民政府教育行政部門或者鄉鎮人民政府未采取措施組織適齡兒童、少年入學或者防止辍學的，依照前款規定追究法律責任。

Where the administrative department for education of the people's government at the county level or the people's government of a town or township fails to adopt measures to arrange for school-age children and adolescents to enroll in school or to prevent them from dropping out of school, they shall be pursued for legal responsibility according to the provisions in the preceding paragraph.

第五十四條   有下列情形之一的，由上級人民政府或者上級人民政府教育行政部門、財政部門、價格行政部門和審計機關根據職責分工責令限期改正；情節嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予處分：

Article 54 Under one of the following circumstances, the organization or individual shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit by the people's government at a higher level or its administrative department for education, finance or pricing or the auditing authority on the basis of the division of duties; and if the circumstances are serious, the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be punished according to law:

(一)侵占、挪用義務教育經費的；

1. taking illegal possession of or misappropriating the funds for compulsory education; or

(二)向學校非法收取或者攤派費用的。

2. illegally collecting fees from schools or apportioning fees among them.

第五十五條   學校或者教師在義務教育工作中違反教育法、教師法規定的，依照教育法、教師法的有關規定處罰。

Article 55 A school or teacher that, in the work of compulsory education, violates the provisions in the Education Law or Teachers Law shall be punished according to the provisions in either of the said laws.

第五十六條   學校違反國家規定收取費用的，由縣級人民政府教育行政部門責令退還所收費用；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予處分。

Article 56 A school that collects fees in violation of State regulations shall be ordered by the administrative department for education of the people's government at the county level to return such fees; and the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be punished according to law.

學校以向學生推銷或者變相推銷商品、服務等方式謀取利益的，由縣級人民政府教育行政部門給予通報批評；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予處分。

A school that seeks profits by selling commodities, services, etc. to students or doing so in disguised form shall be criticized in a circular by the administrative department for education of the people's government at the county level; the illegal gains, if any, shall be confiscated; and the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be punished according to law.

國家機關工作人員和教科書審查人員參與或者變相參與教科書編寫的，由縣級以上人民政府或者其教育行政部門根據職責權限責令限期改正，依法給予行政處分；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得。

A staff member of a State organ or a person responsible for examining textbooks who participates in compiling textbooks or does so in disguised form shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit by the people's government at or above the county level or its administrative department for education on the basis of their respective duties and limits of power, and be given administrative sanctions according to law; and the illegal gains, if any, shall be confiscated.

第五十七條   學校有下列情形之一的，由縣級人民政府教育行政部門責令限期改正；情節嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予處分：

Article 57 Under one of the following circumstances, a school shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit by the administrative department for education of the people's government at the county level; and if the circumstances are serious, the person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be punished according to law:

（一）拒絕接收具有接受普通教育能力的殘疾適齡兒童、少年隨班就讀的；

1. refusing to admit to the classes corresponding to the levels of the disabled school-age children and adolescents who are capable of receiving regular education;

（二）分設重點班和非重點班的；

(II) dividing classes into key and non-key ones;

（三）違反本法規定開除學生的；

3. expelling students in violation of the provisions in this Law; or

（四）選用未經審定的教科書的。

(IV) using textbooks which have not been examined and for which no approval has been obtained.

第五十八條   適齡兒童、少年的父母或者其他法定監護人無正當理由未依照本法規定送適齡兒童、少年入學接受義務教育的，由當地鄉鎮人民政府或者縣級人民政府教育行政部門給予批評教育，責令限期改正。

Article 58 The parents or other statutory guardians of school-age children or adolescents who, without justifiable reasons, fail to send them to schools to receive compulsory education according to the provisions of this Law shall be criticized by the local people's government of the town or township or the administrative department for education of the people's government at the county level and be ordered by the said government or department to make rectification within a time limit.

第五十九條   有下列情形之一的，依照有關法律、行政法規的規定予以處罰：

Article 59 Under one of the following circumstances, an organization or individual shall be punished according to the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations:

(一)脅迫或者誘騙應當接受義務教育的適齡兒童、少年失學、辍學的；

1. coercing or cajoling school-age children or adolescents who should receive compulsory education into forfeiting schooling or dropping out of school;

(二)非法招用應當接受義務教育的適齡兒童、少年的；

2. illegally employing school-age children or adolescents who should receive compulsory education; or

(三)出版未經依法審定的教科書的。

(III) publishing textbooks which have not been examined and approved in accordance with the law.

第六十條   違反本法規定，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 60 Where a violation of the provisions of this Law constitutes a criminal offence, criminal liability shall be imposed according to the law.

第八章 附 則

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第六十一條   對接受義務教育的適齡兒童、少年不收雜費的實施步驟，由國務院規定。

Article 61 The measures for implementing the provisions that school-age children and adolescents who receive compulsory education are exempted from miscellaneous fees shall be formulated by the State Council.

第六十二條   社會組織或者個人依法舉辦的民辦學校實施義務教育的，依照民辦教育促進法有關規定執行；民辦教育促進法未作規定的，適用本法。

Article 62 For schools that are run by public organizations or individuals according to law to provide compulsory education, the relevant provisions in the Law on Promotion of Privately-run Schools shall be observed; for matters with regard to which no provisions are contained in the said law, this Law shall prevail.

第六十三條   本法自2006年9月1日起施行。

Article 63. This Law shall be effective 1 September 2006.