法律文本

中華人民共和國漁業法（2013修正）

Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China (Revision 2013)

（1986年1月20日第六屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十四次會議通過 根據2000年10月31日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十八次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國漁業法〉的決定》第一次修正 根據2004年8月28日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十一次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國漁業法〉的決定》第二次修正 根據2009年8月27日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十次會議《關於修改部分法律的決定》第三次修正 根據2013年12月28日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第六次會議《關於修改〈中華人民共和國海洋環境保護法〉等七部法律的決定》第四次修正）

(Adopted at the 14th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on January 20, 1986; amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision on Revising the Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on October 31, 2000; amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision on Revising the Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 11th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on August 28, 2004; amended for the third time in accordance with the Decision on Amending Certain Laws adopted at the 10th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; and amended for the fourth time in accordance with the Decision on Amending Seven Laws Including the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 6th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on December 28, 2013)

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了加強漁業資源的保護、增殖、開發和合理利用，發展人工養殖，保障漁業生產者的合法權益，促進漁業生產的發展，適應社會主義建設和人民生活的需要，特制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of enhancing the protection, increase, development and rational utilization of fishery resources, developing artificial cultivation, protecting fishery workers' lawful rights and interests and boosting fishery production, so as to meet the needs of socialist construction and the people's needs.

第二條   在中華人民共和國的內水、灘塗、領海、專屬經濟區以及中華人民共和國管轄的一切其他海域從事養殖和捕撈水生動物、水生植物等漁業生產活動，都必須遵守本法。

Article 2 All productive activities of fisheries, such as aquaculture and catching or harvesting of aquatic animals and plants in the inland waters, tidal flats and territorial waters of the People's Republic of China, or in other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, must be conducted in accordance with this Law.

第三條   國家對漁業生產實行以養殖為主，養殖、捕撈、加工並舉，因地制宜，各有側重的方針。

Article 3 In fishery production, the State adopts a policy that calls for simultaneous development of aquaculture, fishing and processing, with special emphasis on aquaculture and with priority given to different pursuits in line with local conditions.

各級人民政府應當把漁業生產納入國民經濟發展計劃，采取措施，加強水域的統一規劃和綜合利用。

People's governments at various levels shall include fishery production in their economic development plans and take measures to enhance the overall planning and comprehensive utilization of water areas.

第四條   國家鼓勵漁業科學技術研究，推廣先進技術，提高漁業科學技術水平。

Article 4 The State encourages research in fishery science and technology and popularization of advanced technology in order to raise the level of the country's fishery science and technology.

第五條   在增殖和保護漁業資源、發展漁業生產、進行漁業科學技術研究等方面成績顯著的單位和個人，由各級人民政府給予精神的或者物質的獎勵。

Article 5 People's governments at various levels shall give moral encouragement or material awards to entities and individuals that make outstanding contributions to the increase and protection of fishery resources, to development of fishery production, to research in fishery science and technology, etc.

第六條   國務院漁業行政主管部門主管全國的漁業工作。縣級以上地方人民政府漁業行政主管部門主管本行政區域內的漁業工作。縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門可以在重要漁業水域、漁港設漁政監督管理機構。

Article 6 The administrative department for fisheries under the State Council is in charge of fisheries affairs throughout the country. Departments of fishery administration under people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of fisheries in their respective areas. These departments may set up fishery supervision agencies in important fishing areas and fishing ports.

縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門及其所屬的漁政監督管理機構可以設漁政檢查人員。漁政檢查人員執行漁業行政主管部門及其所屬的漁政監督管理機構交付的任務。

Departments of fishery administration under people's governments at or above the county level and their fishery superintendency agencies may appoint fishery inspectors. Such inspectors shall carry out the tasks assigned to them by the said departments and authorities.

第七條   國家對漁業的監督管理，實行統一領導、分級管理。

Article 7 State supervision over fisheries shall operate under the principle of unified leadership and decentralized administration.

海洋漁業，除國務院劃定由國務院漁業行政主管部門及其所屬的漁政監督管理機構監督管理的海域和特定漁業資源漁場外，由毗鄰海域的省、自治區、直轄市人民政府漁業行政主管部門監督管理。

With the exception of those sea areas that the State Council puts under the supervision of the administrative department for fisheries under it or of the fisheries authorities subordinate to the department and those fishing grounds endowed with special fishery resources designated as such by the State Council, marine fisheries shall be subject to supervision by the administrative departments for fisheries under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government that are contiguous to the sea areas.

江河、湖泊等水域的漁業，按照行政區劃由有關縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門監督管理；跨行政區域的，由有關縣級以上地方人民政府協商制定管理辦法，或者由上一級人民政府漁業行政主管部門及其所屬的漁政監督管理機構監督管理。

Fishery in rivers and lakes shall be subject to the superintendence of the departments of fishery administration under the relevant people's governments at or above the county level in conformity with administrative divisions. Fishery administration for water areas that straddle several administrative divisions shall be decided by the relevant people's governments at or above the county level through consultation or placed under the superintendence and management by the departments of fishery administration of people's governments at the next higher level and their subordinate fishery superintendency agencies.

第八條   外國人、外國漁業船舶進入中華人民共和國管轄水域，從事漁業生產或者漁業資源調查活動，必須經國務院有關主管部門批準，並遵守本法和中華人民共和國其他有關法律、法規的規定；同中華人民共和國訂有條 約、協定的，按照條 約、協定辦理。

Article 8 Foreigners and foreign fishing vessels that wish to enter the waters under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China to engage in fishery production or survey of fishery resources shall be subject to approval by the competent department under the State Council and shall observe the provisions of this Law and of other relevant laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China. If the foreigners and vessels belong to countries that have signed relevant treaties or agreements with the People's Republic of China, the matters shall be handled in accordance with the treaties or agreements.

國家漁政漁港監督管理機構對外行使漁政漁港監督管理權。

State fishery administration and fishing port superintendency agencies shall exercise administrative and supervisory authority over external relations pertaining to fisheries and fishing ports.

第九條   漁業行政主管部門和其所屬的漁政監督管理機構及其工作人員不得參與和從事漁業生產經營活動。

Article 9 No administrative department for fisheries, or any fisheries authority subordinate to it, or any staff member of the department or authority may take part in or engage in fishery production or operation.

第二章 養殖業

Chapter 2 Aquaculture

第十條   國家鼓勵全民所有制單位、集體所有制單位和個人充分利用適於養殖的水域、灘塗，發展養殖業。

Article 10 The State encourages entities under ownership by the whole people, entities under collective ownership and individuals to make the best use of suitable water areas and tidal flats to develop aquaculture.

第十一條   國家對水域利用進行統一規劃，確定可以用於養殖業的水域和灘塗。單位和個人使用國家規劃確定用於養殖業的全民所有的水域、灘塗的，使用者應當向縣級以上地方人民政府漁業行政主管部門提出申請，由本級人民政府核發養殖證，許可其使用該水域、灘塗從事養殖生產。核發養殖證的具體辦法由國務院規定。

Article 11 The State makes unified plans for the utilization of water areas, and determines which water areas and tidal flats may be utilized for aquaculture. Any unit or individual that wishes to use the water areas or tidal flats owned by the whole people and designated for aquaculture according to national plans shall apply to the administrative department for fisheries under the local people's government at or above the county level. An aquaculture certificate shall be issued after examination by the people's government concerned, permitting the use of the said water areas or tidal flats for aquaculture production. Specific measures for examining and issuing aquaculture permits shall be formulated by the State Council.

集體所有的或者全民所有由農業集體經濟組織使用的水域、灘塗，可以由個人或者集體承包，從事養殖生產。

Water areas and tidal flats owned by the collective or by the whole people but used by agricultural collective economic organizations may be contracted out to individuals or collectives for aquaculture production.

第十二條   縣級以上地方人民政府在核發養殖證時，應當優先安排當地的漁業生產者。

Article 12 Local people's governments at or above the county level shall give priority to local fishery producers while checking and issuing aquaculture certificates.

第十三條   當事人因使用國家規劃確定用於養殖業的水域、灘塗從事養殖生產發生爭議的，按照有關法律規定的程序處理。在爭議解決以前，任何一方不得破壞養殖生產。

Article 13 In the event a dispute arises between the parties over the use of a water area or tidal flat, determined by State plans to be used for aquaculture, in aquaculture production, it shall be handled according to the procedures provided in relevant laws. Pending settlement of the dispute, neither Party shall disrupt the aquaculture production.

第十四條   國家建設征用集體所有的水域、灘塗，按照《中華人民共和國土地管理法》有關征地的規定辦理。

Article 14 If a water area or tidal flat owned by the collective is requisitioned for the State construction, the matter shall be handled in accordance with the provisions regarding the requisition of land in the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China.

第十五條   縣級以上地方人民政府應當采取措施，加強對商品魚生產基地和城市郊區重要養殖水域的保護。

Article 15 People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to protect with doubled efforts the bases for production of commodity fish and key water areas for aquaculture in the suburbs of cities.

第十六條   國家鼓勵和支持水產優良品種的選育、培育和推廣。水產新品種必須經全國水產原種和良種審定委員會審定，由國務院漁業行政主管部門公告後推廣。

Article 16 The State encourages and supports the breeding, cultivation and popularization of good aquatic breeds. The new varieties of aquatic species shall be subject to verification by the National Verification Commission for Pedigree and Fine Varieties of Aquatic Species and shall be popularized after announcement by the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council.

水產苗種的進口、出口由國務院漁業行政主管部門或者省、自治區、直轄市人民政府漁業行政主管部門審批。

The import and export of fry and fingerling of aquatic animals shall be subject to examination and approval by the administrative department under the State Council or such departments under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government.

水產苗種的生產由縣級以上地方人民政府漁業行政主管部門審批。但是，漁業生產者自育、自用水產苗種的除外。

The production of aquatic fingerlings shall be examined and approved by the administrative departments for fisheries of local people's governments at or above the county level. However, those aquatic fry and fingerling cultivated or used by the fishery producers themselves shall be excluded.

第十七條   水產苗種的進口、出口必須實施檢疫，防止病害傳入境內和傳出境外，具體檢疫工作按照有關動植物進出境檢疫法律、行政法規的規定執行。

Article 17 Quarantine shall be executed for the import and export of aquatic fry and fingerling to prevent the spread of diseases in or out of the territory. Specific quarantine work shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions in the laws and administrative regulations on the quarantine of animals and plants that are imported and exported.

引進轉基因水產苗種必須進行安全性評價，具體管理工作按照國務院有關規定執行。

Introduction of transgenic aquatic fry and fingerling shall undergo safety evaluation. Specific administration shall be conducted in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State Council.

第十八條   縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門應當加強對養殖生產的技術指導和病害防治工作。

Article 18 The administrative departments for fisheries under the people's governments at or above the county level shall provide energetic technological guidance for aquaculture production and improve their work for the prevention and treatment of diseases in this regard.

第十九條   從事養殖生產不得使用含有毒有害物質的餌料、飼料。

Article 19 Bait or feed containing poisonous or harmful substances shall not be used in aquaculture production.

第二十條   從事養殖生產應當保護水域生態環境，科學確定養殖密度，合理投餌、施肥、使用藥物，不得造成水域的環境汙染。

Article 20 During aquaculture production, the ecological environment of water areas shall be protected by scientific determination of the aquaculture density and reasonable cast of bait, application of fertilizer and use of medicines. The water areas shall not be polluted.

第三章 捕撈業

Chapter 3 Fishing

第二十一條   國家在財政、信貸和稅收等方面采取措施，鼓勵、扶持遠洋捕撈業的發展，並根據漁業資源的可捕撈量，安排內水和近海捕撈力量。

Article 21 The State takes measures in finance, credit and taxation to encourage and support the development of ocean fishing, and arranges manpower for fishing in inland waters and in coastal waters according to the allowable catch of the fishery resources.

第二十二條   國家根據捕撈量低於漁業資源增長量的原則，確定漁業資源的總可捕撈量，實行捕撈限額制度。國務院漁業行政主管部門負責組織漁業資源的調查和評估，為實行捕撈限額制度提供科學依據。中華人民共和國內海、領海、專屬經濟區和其他管轄海域的捕撈限額總量由國務院漁業行政主管部門確定，報國務院批準後逐級分解下達；國家確定的重要江河、湖泊的捕撈限額總量由有關省、自治區、直轄市人民政府確定或者協商確定，逐級分解下達。捕撈限額總量的分配應當體現公平、公正的原則，分配辦法和分配結果必須向社會公開，並接受監督。

Article 22 Following the principle of keeping the allowable catch lower than the increase of the fishery resources, the State determines the total allowable catch of the fishery resources and implements a fishing quota system. The administrative department for fisheries under the State Council is responsible for organizing the investigation and evaluation of fishery resources to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of the fishing quota system. The total allowable catch in the inland waters, territorial seas, exclusive economic zones of the People's Republic of China and other waters under its jurisdiction shall be determined by the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council and allocated by the authorities of higher levels to those at lower levels after approval by the State Council. The total quotas for fishing in key rivers and lakes designated as such by the State shall be determined by the people's governments of relevant provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, or through consultation among them, before it is allocated by the authorities at higher levels to those at lower levels. The distribution of the total amount of the fishing quota shall embody the principles of fairness and justness. The distribution methods and distribution results shall be open to the society and shall be subject to supervision.

國務院漁業行政主管部門和省、自治區、直轄市人民政府漁業行政主管部門應當加強對捕撈限額制度實施情況的監督檢查，對超過上級下達的捕撈限額指標的，應當在其次年捕撈限額指標中予以核減。

The administrative department for fisheries under the State Council and such departments under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall strengthen their supervision over and inspection of the implementation of the quota system for fishing. For those who exceed the quotas allocated by the authorities at the next higher level, their quotas for the following year shall be reduced accordingly.

第二十三條   國家對捕撈業實行捕撈許可證制度。

Article 23 The State implements a fishing license system for the fishery.

到中華人民共和國與有關國家締結的協定確定的共同管理的漁區或者公海從事捕撈作業的捕撈許可證，由國務院漁業行政主管部門批準發放。海洋大型拖網、圍網作業的捕撈許可證，由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府漁業行政主管部門批準發放。其他作業的捕撈許可證，由縣級以上地方人民政府漁業行政主管部門批準發放；但是，批準發放海洋作業的捕撈許可證不得超過國家下達的船網工具控制指標，具體辦法由省、自治區、直轄市人民政府規定。

Fishing licenses for fishing in the jointly managed fishery zones defined in the agreements concluded between the People's Republic of China and the countries concerned or on the high seas shall be granted upon approval by the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council. Fishing licenses for marine fishing with large trawls and purse seines shall be granted upon approval by the administrative department for fisheries under the people's government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. However, the sizes for vessels and fishing gear specified in the fishing licenses issued for marine fishing may not exceed the control sizes for vessels and fishing gear fixed by the State. Specific measures in this respect shall be formulated by the people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.

捕撈許可證不得買賣、出租和以其他形式轉讓，不得塗改、偽造、變造。

Fishing licenses may not be traded in, leased or transferred by other means, or altered, forged or adulterated.

到他國管轄海域從事捕撈作業的，應當經國務院漁業行政主管部門批準，並遵守中華人民共和國締結的或者參加的有關條 約、協定和有關國家的法律。

Fishing operations on sea areas under the jurisdiction of other countries shall be approved by the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council, and the relevant persons engaging in the said operations shall abide by relevant treaties and agreements concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China and the laws of relevant countries.

第二十四條   具備下列條 件的，方可發給捕撈許可證：

Article 24 A fishing license can only be issued when the following requirements are met:

（一）有漁業船舶檢驗證書；

1. the applicant has a fishing vessel inspection certificate;

（二）有漁業船舶登記證書；

2. the applicant has a fishing vessel registration certificate; and

（三）符合國務院漁業行政主管部門規定的其他條 件。

(III) meeting other conditions prescribed by the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council.

縣級以上地方人民政府漁業行政主管部門批準發放的捕撈許可證，應當與上級人民政府漁業行政主管部門下達的捕撈限額指標相適應。

Fishing licenses issued upon approval by the administrative departments for fisheries of local people's government at or above the county level shall commensurate with the fishing quotas allocated by the administrative departments for fisheries of the people's governments at the higher level.

第二十五條   從事捕撈作業的單位和個人，必須按照捕撈許可證關於作業類型、場所、時限、漁具數量和捕撈限額的規定進行作業，並遵守國家有關保護漁業資源的規定，大中型漁船應當填寫漁撈日志。

Article 25 An entity or individual engaged in fishing shall operate in accordance with the provisions of the fishing license on the type of operation, location, time limit, quantity of fishing gear and fishing quota. The entity or individual shall also abide by relevant provisions of the State on the protection of fishery resources. Large-scale fishing vessels shall keep fishing logs.

第二十六條   制造、更新改造、購置、進口的從事捕撈作業的船舶必須經漁業船舶檢驗部門檢驗合格後，方可下水作業。具體管理辦法由國務院規定。

Article 26 All fishing vessels that are built, rebuilt, purchased or imported must be examined and inspected by fishing vessel inspection departments before they are launched for operation. The specific administrative measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

第二十七條   漁港建設應當遵守國家的統一規劃，實行誰投資誰受益的原則。縣級以上地方人民政府應當對位於本行政區域內的漁港加強監督管理，維護漁港的正常秩序。

Article 27 The construction of fishing harbors shall comply with the State's united plans, and the principle that whoever invests benefits shall be implemented. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall exercise strict supervision over the fishing ports situated within their administrative areas and maintain normal order in the ports.

第四章 漁業資源的增殖和保護

Chapter 4 Enhancement and Protection of Fishery Resources

第二十八條   縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門應當對其管理的漁業水域統一規劃，采取措施，增殖漁業資源。縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門可以向受益的單位和個人征收漁業資源增殖保護費，專門用於增殖和保護漁業資源。漁業資源增殖保護費的征收辦法由國務院漁業行政主管部門會同財政部門制定，報國務院批準後施行。

Article 28 Departments of fishery administration under the people's governments at and above the county level shall work out overall plans and take measures to increase fishery resources in the fishery waters under their jurisdiction. These departments may collect fees from the units and individuals profited by the use of such waters and devote the money thus collected to the increase and protection of fishery resources. The procedures for collecting such fees shall be formulated by the department of fishery administration and the department of finance under the State Council, and must be approved by the State Council before going into effect.

第二十九條   國家保護水產種質資源及其生存環境，並在具有較高經濟價值和遺傳育種價值的水產種質資源的主要生長繁育區域建立水產種質資源保護區。未經國務院漁業行政主管部門批準，任何單位或者個人不得在水產種質資源保護區內從事捕撈活動。

Article 29 The State protects aquatic germ plasm resources and their living environment, and establishes preservation areas for aquatic germ plasm resources in the main regions where aquatic germ plasm resources of high economic value and heredity and breeding value grow and breed. No entity or individual may engage in fishing in the protection zones without the approval of the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council.

第三十條   禁止使用炸魚、毒魚、電魚等破壞漁業資源的方法進行捕撈。禁止制造、銷售、使用禁用的漁具。禁止在禁漁區、禁漁期進行捕撈。禁止使用小於最小網目尺寸的網具進行捕撈。捕撈的漁獲物中幼魚不得超過規定的比例。在禁漁區或者禁漁期內禁止銷售非法捕撈的漁獲物。

Article 30 The use of explosives, poisons, electricity and any other means in fishing that impairs the fishery resources is prohibited. It is forbidden to manufacture, sell or use banned fishing gear. Fishing in restricted fishing areas and during closed seasons is prohibited. Fishing with nets smaller than the minimum mesh size is prohibited. The proportion of juvenile fish among a catch may not exceed the specified level. It is banned to sell illegally fished fishing gains in the prohibited fishing areas or within the prohibited fishing periods.

重點保護的漁業資源品種及其可捕撈標準，禁漁區和禁漁期，禁止使用或者限制使用的漁具和捕撈方法，最小網目尺寸以及其他保護漁業資源的措施，由國務院漁業行政主管部門或者省、自治區、直轄市人民政府漁業行政主管部門規定。

The varieties of fishery resources under special protection, as well as their fishable standards, the banned fishing areas and the banned fishing periods, banned fishing gear and fishing methods, the smallest size of mesh, and other measures to protect fishery resources shall be provided by the department in charge of fishery administration of the State Council or of the provincial, autonomous regional, municipal people's governments.

第三十一條   禁止捕撈有重要經濟價值的水生動物苗種。因養殖或者其他特殊需要，捕撈有重要經濟價值的苗種或者禁捕的懷卵親體的，必須經國務院漁業行政主管部門或者省、自治區、直轄市人民政府漁業行政主管部門批準，在指定的區域和時間內，按照限額捕撈。

Article 31 Catching fry of aquatic animals of important economic value shall be prohibited. Catching fry and fingerling of important economic value or spawning aquatic animals banned to be caught for artificial breeding or for other special purposes shall be subject to approval by the administrative department for fisheries under the State Council or such departments under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government, and it shall be conducted in the designated areas and times and strictly in accordance with the quotas assigned.

在水生動物苗種重點產區引水用水時，應當采取措施，保護苗種。

Measures shall be adopted to protect fry of aquatic animals when channeling or using water from water areas that specialize in producing such fry.

第三十二條   在魚、蝦、蟹洄遊通道建閘、築壩，對漁業資源有嚴重影響的，建設單位應當建造過魚設施或者采取其他補救措施。

Article 32 When building sluices and dams which will have serious effects on fishery resources on the migration routes of fish, shrimp and crabs, the construction units must build fish passages or adopt other remedial measures.

第三十三條   用於漁業並兼有調蓄、灌溉等功能的水體，有關主管部門應當確定漁業生產所需的最低水位線。

Article 33 For water bodies that are used for fisheries and also serve the purposes of water storage and regulation and irrigation, the departments concerned shall fix the lowest water level required for fishery.

第三十四條   禁止圍湖造田。沿海灘塗未經縣級以上人民政府批準，不得圍墾；重要的苗種基地和養殖場所不得圍墾。

Article 34 It shall be forbidden to reclaim land from lakes. Without approval from a people's government at or above the county level, it shall not be allowed to enclose tidal flats for cultivation and no one shall be allowed to reclaim land from water areas that are used as major seedling producing centers and aquatic breeding grounds.

第三十五條   進行水下爆破、勘探、施工作業，對漁業資源有嚴重影響的，作業單位應當事先同有關縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門協商，采取措施，防止或者減少對漁業資源的損害；造成漁業資源損失的，由有關縣級以上人民政府責令賠償。

Article 35 To conduct underwater explosions, exploration and construction that may have serious effects on fishery resources, the construction units shall consult in advance with the department of fishery administration under the relevant people's government at or above the county level and take measures to prevent or minimize the damage to fishery resources. In case any damages to fishery resources occur therefrom, the relevant people's government at or above the county level shall order the responsible party to pay compensation.

第三十六條   各級人民政府應當采取措施，保護和改善漁業水域的生態環境，防治汙染。

Article 36 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to protect and improve the ecological environment of fishery water areas, and to prevent and treat pollution.

漁業水域生態環境的監督管理和漁業汙染事故的調查處理，依照《中華人民共和國海洋環境保護法》和《中華人民共和國水汙染防治法》的有關規定執行。

Supervision and administration over the ecological environment of fishery water areas as well as the investigation and treatment of fishery pollution accidents shall be subject to relevant provisions in the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution.

第三十七條   國家對白鰭豚等珍貴、瀕危水生野生動物實行重點保護，防止其滅絕。禁止捕殺、傷害國家重點保護的水生野生動物。因科學研究、馴養繁殖、展覽或者其他特殊情況，需要捕撈國家重點保護的水生野生動物的，依照《中華人民共和國野生動物保護法》的規定執行。

Article 37 The State maintains special protection of the rare and endangered aquatic wild animals such as white-flag dolphin to prevent them from extinction. Killing and injuring of key aquatic wildlife under State protection shall be prohibited. Where it is necessary to catch such animals for scientific research, domestication and breeding, exhibition or for other special purposes, the matter shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife.

第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第三十八條   使用炸魚、毒魚、電魚等破壞漁業資源方法進行捕撈的，違反關於禁漁區、禁漁期的規定進行捕撈的，或者使用禁用的漁具、捕撈方法和小於最小網目尺寸的網具進行捕撈或者漁獲物中幼魚超過規定比例的，沒收漁獲物和違法所得，處五萬元以下的罰款；情節嚴重的，沒收漁具，吊銷捕撈許可證；情節特別嚴重的，可以沒收漁船；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 38 Where a person uses explosives, poisons, electricity or other means in fishing, which impairs the fishery resources, engages in fishing in violation of the provisions on banned fishing areas and banned fishing periods, uses banned fishing gear and methods and nets with mesh smaller than the minimum size, or catches juvenile fish the proportion of which exceeds the specified level, his catch and illegal gains therefrom shall be confiscated and he shall be fined not more than 50,000 yuan. If the circumstances are serious, his fishing gear shall be confiscated and his fishing license revoked. If the circumstances are especially serious, his fishing vessel may be confiscated. If a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

在禁漁區或者禁漁期內銷售非法捕撈的漁獲物的，縣級以上地方人民政府漁業行政主管部門應當及時進行調查處理。

The administrative departments for fisheries of local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in a timely manner, investigate and dispose of the acts of selling illegally harvested catch in the banned fishing areas or within the banned fishing periods.

制造、銷售禁用的漁具的，沒收非法制造、銷售的漁具和違法所得，並處一萬元以下的罰款。

If banned fishing gear is produced or sold, the illegally produced or sold fishing gear and the illegal proceeds therefrom shall be confiscated, and a fine of not more than CNY10,000 shall be imposed.

第三十九條   偷捕、搶奪他人養殖的水產品的，或者破壞他人養殖水體、養殖設施的，責令改正，可以處二萬元以下的罰款；造成他人損失的，依法承擔賠償責任；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 39 Anyone who steals or loots the aquatic products bred by others, or destroys the breeding waters or breeding facilities of others shall be ordered to make corrections, and shall face a fine of not more than CNY20,000; if such acts cause any damages to others, he/she shall bear the compensation liability in accordance with the law; if a crime is constituted, he/she shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the law.

第四十條   使用全民所有的水域、灘塗從事養殖生產，無正當理由使水域、灘塗荒蕪滿一年的，由發放養殖證的機關責令限期開發利用；逾期未開發利用的，吊銷養殖證，可以並處一萬元以下的罰款。

Article 40 Anyone who uses for aquaculture the waters or tidal flats owned by the whole people, lets the waters or tidal flats lie wasted for a year without justifiable reasons shall be ordered by the authority that issues the aquaculture certificate to develop and utilize the waters and tidal flats within a time limit. If he fails to do so at the expiration of the time limit, his aquaculture certificate shall be revoked and he may also be fined not more than 10,000 yuan.

未依法取得養殖證擅自在全民所有的水域從事養殖生產的，責令改正，補辦養殖證或者限期拆除養殖設施。

Anyone who is engaged in aquaculture production in a water area owned by the whole people without permission before obtaining the aquaculture certificate in accordance with the law shall be ordered to make corrections, and he/she shall re-apply for the aquaculture certificate, or he/she shall dismantle the aquaculture facilities within a time limit.

未依法取得養殖證或者超越養殖證許可範圍在全民所有的水域從事養殖生產，妨礙航運、行洪的，責令限期拆除養殖設施，可以並處一萬元以下的罰款。

Anyone who is engaged in aquaculture production in a water area owned by the whole people before obtaining the aquaculture certificate in accordance with the law or beyond the scope specified in the aquaculture certificate, thus hindering water carriage or flood drainage, shall be ordered to demolish the aquaculture facilities within a time limit, and may also be fined not more than 10,000 yuan.

第四十一條   未依法取得捕撈許可證擅自進行捕撈的，沒收漁獲物和違法所得，並處十萬元以下的罰款；情節嚴重的，並可以沒收漁具和漁船。

Article 41 Where a person conducts fishing without a fishing license obtained legally, his catch and illegal gains therefrom shall be confiscated and he shall be fined not more than 100,000 yuan. If the circumstances are serious, his fishing gear and fishing vessel may also be confiscated.

第四十二條   違反捕撈許可證關於作業類型、場所、時限和漁具數量的規定進行捕撈的，沒收漁獲物和違法所得，可以並處五萬元以下的罰款；情節嚴重的，並可以沒收漁具，吊銷捕撈許可證。

Article 42 If anyone conducts fishing in violation of the provisions in the fishing license regarding the type of operation, location, time limit, and quantity of fishing gear, the catch and illegal proceeds therefrom shall be confiscated, and a fine of not more than CNY50,000 may also be imposed; if the case is serious, the fishing gear may also be confiscated and the fishing license revoked.

第四十三條   塗改、買賣、出租或者以其他形式轉讓捕撈許可證的，沒收違法所得，吊銷捕撈許可證，可以並處一萬元以下的罰款；偽造、變造、買賣捕撈許可證，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 43 If anyone alters, trades in, leases or otherwise transfers the fishing license, the illegal proceeds therefrom shall be confiscated and the fishing license revoked, and a fine of not more than 10,000 yuan may also be imposed; if the act of forging, mutilating or trading in the fishing license constitutes a crime, he/she shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with the law.

第四十四條   非法生產、進口、出口水產苗種的，沒收苗種和違法所得，並處五萬元以下的罰款。

Article 44 If aquatic fry and fingerling are illegally produced, imported or exported, the fry and fingerling and illegal proceeds therefrom shall be confiscated and a fine of not more than CNY50,000 shall be imposed.

經營未經審定的水產苗種的，責令立即停止經營，沒收違法所得，可以並處五萬元以下的罰款。

Where a person trades in fry and fingerling of aquatic animals without verification and approval, he shall be ordered to discontinue the trade immediately his illegal gains therefrom shall be confiscated and he may also be fined not more than 50,000 yuan.

第四十五條   未經批準在水產種質資源保護區內從事捕撈活動的，責令立即停止捕撈，沒收漁獲物和漁具，可以並處一萬元以下的罰款。

Article 45 If anyone is engaged in fishing activities in a preservation area for germ plasm resources of aquatic products without approval, he/she shall be ordered to stop fishing immediately, the catch and fishing gear shall be confiscated, and a fine of not more than CNY10,000 may also be imposed.

第四十六條   外國人、外國漁船違反本法規定，擅自進入中華人民共和國管轄水域從事漁業生產和漁業資源調查活動的，責令其離開或者將其驅逐，可以沒收漁獲物、漁具，並處五十萬元以下的罰款；情節嚴重的，可以沒收漁船；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 46 Where a foreigner or a foreign fishing vessel, in violation of the provisions of this Law, enters the water areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China without permission to engage in fishery production or activities for investigation of fishery resources, he or it shall be ordered to leave or be banished, and the catch and fishing gear may be confiscated and a fine of not more than 500,000 yuan may also be imposed; if the case is serious, the fishing vessel may be confiscated; if such act constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the law.

第四十七條   造成漁業水域生態環境破壞或者漁業汙染事故的，依照《中華人民共和國海洋環境保護法》和《中華人民共和國水汙染防治法》的規定追究法律責任。

Article 47 If anyone destroys the ecological environment of fishery water areas, or causes a fishery pollution accident, he/she shall be prosecuted for legal liability in accordance with the provisions in the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution.

第四十八條   本法規定的行政處罰，由縣級以上人民政府漁業行政主管部門或者其所屬的漁政監督管理機構決定。但是，本法已對處罰機關作出規定的除外。

Article 48 The administrative sanctions stipulated in this Law shall be decided by departments of fishery administration under the people's governments at or above the county level or their subordinate fishery superintendency agencies. However, exception shall be made if this Law has already stipulated the penalty imposing organ.

在海上執法時，對違反禁漁區、禁漁期的規定或者使用禁用的漁具、捕撈方法進行捕撈，以及未取得捕撈許可證進行捕撈的，事實清楚、證據充分，但是當場不能按照法定程序作出和執行行政處罰決定的，可以先暫時扣押捕撈許可證、漁具或者漁船，回港後依法作出和執行行政處罰決定。

If, in the enforcement of law on the seas, there are clear facts and sufficient evidence for the acts of fishing by violating the provisions on banned fishing areas or banned fishing periods, or by using banned fishing gear or fishing methods and the acts of fishing without obtaining the fishing license, and if the administrative penalty decision cannot be made or enforced on the spot in accordance with legal procedures, the fishing license, fishing gear or fishing vessel may be temporarily detained, and the administrative penalty decision shall be made and enforced in the harbor later in accordance with the law.

第四十九條   漁業行政主管部門和其所屬的漁政監督管理機構及其工作人員違反本法規定核發許可證、分配捕撈限額或者從事漁業生產經營活動的，或者有其他玩忽職守不履行法定義務、濫用職權、徇私舞弊的行為的，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 49 Where the administrative department for fisheries, or the fisheries authority subordinate to it, or a staff member of the department or authority, in violation of the provisions of this Law, issues licenses upon approval, allocates fishing quotas or engages in fishery production or operation, or commits other acts, such as neglecting its or his duty by failing to perform its or his legal obligations, abusing its or his power, or engaging in malpractices for personal gain, it or he shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with law.

第六章 附則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第五十條   本法自1986年7月1日起施行。

Article 50 This Law shall go into effect on July 1, 1986.