法律文本

中華人民共和國科學技術普及法

Law of the People’s Republic of China on Popularization of Science and Technology

主席令第七十一號

Presidential Decree No. 71

《中華人民共和國科學技術普及法》已由中華人民共和國第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十八次會議於2002年6月29日通過，現予公布，自公布之日起施行。

The Law of the People's Republic of China on Popularization of Science and Technology, which was adopted at the 28th session of the Standing Committee of the 9th National People's Congress on June 29, 2002, is released hereby and shall take effect as of the date of promulgation.

中華人民共和國主席 江澤民

President of the PRC: Jiang Zemin

2002 年 6 月 29 日

29 June 2002

(2002 年 6 月 29 日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十八次會議通過)

(Adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on June 29, 2002)

目 錄

Contents

  第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

  第二章 組織管理

Chapter 2 Organization and Administration

  第三章 社會責任

Chapter 3 Social Responsibilities

  第四章 保障措施

Chapter 4 Guarantee Measures

  第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

  第六章 附 則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第一章 總 則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了實施科教興國戰略和可持續發展戰略，加強科學技術普及工作，提高公民的科學文化素質，推動經濟發展和社會進步，根據憲法和有關法律，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution and other related laws for the purposes of implementing the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education and the strategy of sustainable development, redoubling the efforts to popularize science and technology, raising the citizens' scientific and cultural level and promoting economic and social progress.

第二條   本法適用於國家和社會普及科學技術知識、倡導科學方法、傳播科學思想、弘揚科學精神的活動。

Article 2 This Law shall apply to activities conducted by the State and the community to popularize scientific and technological knowledge, promote scientific methods, disseminate scientific ideas and carry forward scientific spirit.

開展科學技術普及(以下稱科普)，應當采取公眾易於理解、接受、參與的方式。

For popularization of science and technology (hereinafter referred to as PST), such ways as may make it easy for the general public to understand, accept and participate in shall be adopted.

第三條   國家機關、武裝力量、社會團體、企業事業單位、農村基層組織及其他組織應當開展科普工作。

Article 3 State organs, armed forces, public organizations, enterprises and institutions, rural grassroots organizations and other organizations shall work for PST.

公民有參與科普活動的權利。

Citizens have the right to participate in PST activities.

第四條   科普是公益事業，是社會主義物質文明和精神文明建設的重要內容。發展科普事業是國家的長期任務。

Article 4 PST is a public welfare undertaking and an important component of the socialist material and spiritual civilization. It is the country's long-term task to develop the cause of popular science.

國家扶持少數民族地區、邊遠貧困地區的科普工作。

The State supports efforts for PST made by people in minority ethnic areas and in outlying and poverty-stricken areas.

第五條   國家保護科普組織和科普工作者的合法權益，鼓勵科普組織和科普工作者自主開展科普活動，依法興辦科普事業。

Article 5 The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the PST organizations and workers, encourage them to carry out PST activities independently, and initiate PST undertakings according to law.

第六條   國家支持社會力量興辦科普事業。社會力量興辦科普事業可以按照市場機制運行。

Article 6 The State supports efforts by different sectors of the society to initiate PST undertakings. Such undertakings may be operated under market mechanism.

第七條   科普工作應當堅持群眾性、社會性和經常性，結合實際，因地制宜，采取多種形式。

Article 7 Work for PST shall be characterized by mass participation, socialization and regularity and shall be integrated with practice and carried out in light of local conditions, and take various forms.

第八條   科普工作應當堅持科學精神，反對和抵制偽科學。任何單位和個人不得以科普為名從事有損社會公共利益的活動。

Article 8 In PST, the scientific spirit shall be upheld and pseudo shall be opposed and resisted. No unit or individual may, in the name of PST, engage in activities at the expense of public interests.

第九條   國家支持和促進科普工作對外合作與交流。

Article 9 The State supports and promotes cooperation and exchange with foreign countries in the field of PST.

第二章 組織管理

Chapter 2 Organization and Administration

第十條   各級人民政府領導科普工作，應將科普工作納入國民經濟和社會發展計劃，為開展科普工作創造良好的環境和條件。

Article 10 To exercise leadership over PST, people's governments at various levels shall incorporate it into their plans for national economic and social development, in order to create a good environment and favorable conditions for PST.

縣級以上人民政府應當建立科普工作協調制度。

People's governments at or above the county level shall establish a coordination system for PST.

第十一條   國務院科學技術行政部門負責制定全國科普工作規劃，實行政策引導，進行督促檢查，推動科普工作發展。

Article 11 The administrative department for science and technology under the State Council shall be in charge of formulating national plans for PST, provide policy-related guidance and exercise supervision and inspection, in order to advance work in this field.

國務院其他行政部門按照各自的職責範圍，負責有關的科普工作。

Other administrative departments under the State Council shall, within the limits of their functions and duties, be in charge of work related to PST.

縣級以上地方人民政府科學技術行政部門及其他行政部門在同級人民政府領導下按照各自的職責範圍，負責本地區有關的科普工作。

The administrative departments for science and technology of the local people's governments at or above the county level and other administrative departments shall, under the leadership of the people's governments at the same level and within the limits of their respective functions and duties, be in charge of work related to PST in their own regions.

第十二條   科學技術協會是科普工作的主要社會力量。科學技術協會組織開展群眾性、社會性、經常性的科普活動，支持有關社會組織和企業事業單位開展科普活動，協助政府制定科普工作規劃，為政府科普工作決策提供建議。

Article 12 The science and technology associations constitute the main quarters of the society working for PST. The associations shall carry out activities for PST which are characterized by mass participation, socialization and regularity, support related public organizations, enterprises and institutions in their efforts to carry out activities for PST, assist the government in formulating PST plans, and put forward suggestions to the governments when the latter makes policy-decisions on PST.

第三章 社會責任

Chapter 3 Social Responsibilities

第十三條   科普是全社會的共同任務。社會各界都應當組織參加各類科普活動。

Article 13 PST is a common task of the whole society. People from all circles of the society shall get organized to participate in different kinds of PST activities.

第十四條   各類學校及其他教育機構，應當把科普作為素質教育的重要內容，組織學生開展多種形式的科普活動。

Article 14 Various kinds of schools and other institutions of education shall make education in popular science and technology an essential component of quality-oriented education and make arrangements for students to carry out varied forms of activities for PST.

科技館(站)、科技活動中心和其他科普教育基地，應當組織開展青少年校外科普教育活動。

Science and technology halls (stations), science and technology centers and other education bases for PST shall arrange extracurricular activities for education in science and technology among juveniles.

第十五條   科學研究和技術開發機構、高等院校、自然科學和社會科學類社會團體，應當組織和支持科學技術工作者和教師開展科普活動，鼓勵其結合本職工作進行科普宣傳；有條件的，應當向公眾開放實驗室、陳列室和其他場地、設施，舉辦講座和提供諮詢。

Article 15 Institutions of scientific research and technological development, institutions of higher education and public organizations in the fields of natural and social sciences shall get science and technology workers and teachers organized and support them in carrying out activities for PST and shall encourage them to publicize the importance of PST in combination with their own jobs. Where conditions permit, laboratories, exhibition rooms and other places and facilities shall be open to the general public, for holding lectures and providing consultancy there.

科學技術工作者和教師應當發揮自身優勢和專長，積極參與和支持科普活動。

Science and technology workers and teachers shall give full play to their advantages and expertise and take and active part in and support activities for PST.

第十六條   新聞出版、廣播影視、文化等機構和團體應當發揮各自優勢做好科普宣傳工作。

Article 16 Institutions and organizations of the press and publishing, radio, film and television, and culture shall give full play to their own advantages to make a success of PST.

綜合類報紙、期刊應當開設科普專欄、專版；廣播電臺、電視臺應當開設科普欄目或者轉播科普節目；影視生產、發行和放映機構應當加強科普影視作品的制作、發行和放映；書刊出版、發行機構應當扶持科普書刊的出版、發行；綜合性互聯網站應當開設科普網頁；科技館(站)、圖書館、博物館、文化館等文化場所應當發揮科普教育的作用。

In comprehensive newspapers and periodicals there shall be a special column or page for PST; radio and TV broadcasting stations shall have a PST program or relay such programs; film and television program production, distribution and showing institutions shall redouble their efforts in the production, distribution and showing of films and TV programs on PST; Institutions for publishing and distributing books and periodicals shall support the publication and distribution of books and periodicals on PST; comprehensive internet websites shall have PST pages; science and technology halls (stations), libraries, museums, culture centers and other places for cultural activities shall play role of education in popular science and technology.

第十七條   醫療衛生、計劃生育、環境保護、國土資源、體育、氣象、地震、文物、旅遊等國家機關、事業單位，應當結合各自的工作開展科普活動。

Article 17 State organs and institutions in charge of medical service and health care, family planning, environmental protection, land resources, sports, meteorology, earthquake, cultural relics, tourism, etc. shall conduct activities for PST in combination with their own functions.

第十八條   工會、共產主義青年團、婦女聯合會等社會團體應當結合各自工作對象的特點組織開展科普活動。

Article 18 Trade unions, communist youth leagues, women's federations and other public organizations shall arrange activities for PST in combination with the characteristics of the different groups of people they work among.

第十九條   企業應當結合技術創新和職工技能培訓開展科普活動，有條件的可以設立向公眾開放的科普場館和設施。

Article 19 Enterprises shall conduct activities for PST in combination with technical up-dating and training in workers' skills and may have, where conditions permit, halls and facilities open to the general public for PST.

第二十條   國家加強農村的科普工作。農村基層組織應當根據當地經濟與社會發展的需要，圍繞科學生產、文明生活，發揮鄉鎮科普組織、農村學校的作用，開展科普工作。

Article 20 The State strengthens work for PST in rural areas. Rural grassroots organizations shall, in light of the local need for economic and social development and centering on scientific production and a cultured life, play the role of town or township PST organizations or rural schools in the efforts for PST.

各類農村經濟組織、農業技術推廣機構和農村專業技術協會，應當結合推廣先進適用技術向農民普及科學技術知識。

The various forms of rural economic organizations, institutions for the spread of agricultural technology and professional technology associations in rural areas shall, while spreading the use of advanced and applicable technologies, disseminate scientific and technological knowledge among the farmers.

第二十一條   城鎮基層組織及社區應當利用所在地的科技、教育、文化、衛生、旅遊等資源，結合居民的生活、學習、健康娛樂等需要開展科普活動。

Article 21 Urban grassroots organizations and communities shall, by making use of the local resources in science and technology, education, culture, public health, tourism, etc., conduct activities for PST in combination with the needs of the residents in their daily lives, study, health care, recreation, etc.

第二十二條   公園、商場、機場、車站、碼頭等各類公共場所的經營管理單位，應當在所轄範圍內加強科普宣傳。

Article 22 Units in charge of the operation and management of parks, department stores, airports, railway stations, ports and other public places shall, within the limits of their jurisdiction, increase publicity of the need for PST.

第四章 保障措施

Chapter 4 Guarantee Measures

第二十三條   各級人民政府應當將科普經費列入同級財政預算，逐步提高科普投入水平，保障科普工作順利開展。

Article 23 People's governments at various levels shall incorporate the expense for PST into their budget at the same level and gradually increase the input in PST, in order to guarantee that work in this field will go smoothly.

各級人民政府有關部門應當安排一定的經費用於科普工作。

Relevant departments of people's governments at various levels shall allocate a certain amount of funds for PST.

第二十四條   省、自治區、直轄市人民政府和其他有條件的地方人民政府，應當將科普場館、設施建設納入城鄉建設規劃和基本建設計劃；對現有科普場館、設施應當加強利用、維修和改造。

Article 24 People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and centrally-administered municipalities and other local people's governments where conditions permit shall incorporate the construction of halls and facilities for PST into their plans for urban and rural construction and plannings for capital construction; they shall make better use of, maintain or refurbish the existing halls and facilities for PST.

以政府財政投資建設的科普場館，應當配備必要的專職人員，常年向公眾開放，對青少年實行優惠，並不得擅自改作他用；經費困難的，同級財政應當予以補貼，使其正常運行。

The halls for PST built with government investment shall be manned with the necessary full-time staff and be open to the general public all the year round, teen -agers shall enjoy preferences, and the halls may not be used for other purposes. Where they are short of funds, the government at the same level shall provide them with subsidies to enable them to operate normally.

尚無條件建立科普場館的地方，可以利用現有的科技、教育、文化等設施開展科普活動，並設立科普畫廊、櫥窗等。

Where conditions are lacking for building halls for PST activities, the existing facilities for science and technology, education, culture, etc. may be used for such activities and galleries and show windows for PST may be set up.

第二十五條   國家支持科普工作，依法對科普事業實行稅收優惠。

Article 25 The State supports work for PST and, in accordance with law, applies preferential taxation policies for undertakings in this field.

科普組織開展科普活動、興辦科普事業，可以依法獲得資助和捐贈。

For conducting PST activities and initiating PST undertakings, PST organizations may, in accordance with law, obtain subsidies and donation.

第二十六條   國家鼓勵境內外的社會組織和個人設立科普基金，用於資助科普事業。

Article 26 The State encourages public organizations and individuals at home and abroad to establish PST funds in support of support PST undertakings.

第二十七條   國家鼓勵境內外的社會組織和個人捐贈財產資助科普事業；對捐贈財產用於科普事業或者投資建設科普場館、設施的，依法給予優惠。

Article 27 The State encourages public organizations and individuals at home and abroad to donate property in support of PST undertakings. Where such property is used for PST undertakings or is invested in the construction of PST halls or facilities, preferences shall be given in accordance with law.

第二十八條   科普經費和社會組織、個人資助科普事業的財產，必須用於科普事業，任何單位或者個人不得克扣、截留、挪用。

Article 28 Funds earmarked for PST and property donated by public organizations and individuals for PST undertakings shall be used for such undertakings, and no unit or individual may pocket, withhold or misappropriate them.

第二十九條   各級人民政府、科學技術協會和有關單位都應當支持科普工作者開展科普工作，對在科普工作中做出重要貢獻的組織和個人，予以表彰和獎勵。

Article 29 People's governments and science and technology associations at various levels and related units shall support PST workers in their work and shall commend and award the organizations and individuals that have made important contributions to PST.

第五章 法律責任

Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities

第三十條   以科普為名進行有損社會公共利益的活動，擾亂社會秩序或者騙取財物，由有關主管部門給予批評教育，並予以制止；違反治安管理規定的，由公安機關依法給予治安管理處罰；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 30 Whoever, in the name of PST, engages in activities at the expense of public interests, disturbs social order or obtains money or things of value by cheating shall be criticized and educated by a competent department and be stopped; if he violates provisions on security administration, the public security organ shall impose a security administration punishment on him according to law; if a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第三十一條   違反本法規定，克扣、截留、挪用科普財政經費或者貪汙、挪用捐贈款物的，由有關主管部門責令限期歸還；對負有責任的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 31 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of this Law, pockets, withholds or misappropriates government funds earmarked for PST, or embezzles or misappropriates money or articles donated shall be ordered by a competent department to return them within a time limit; the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, he and the persons shall be investigated for criminal responsibility.

第三十二條   擅自將政府財政投資建設的科普場館改為他用的，由有關主管部門責令限期改正；情節嚴重的，對負有責任的主管人員和其他直接責任人員依法給予行政處分。

Article 32 Whoever, without authorization, puts to other uses the PST halls constructed with government investment shall be ordered by a competent department to set it right within a time limit. If the circumstances are serious, the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.

擾亂科普場館秩序或者毀損科普場館、設施的，依法責令其停止侵害、恢複原狀或者賠償損失；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Whoever disturbs order in PST halls or damages PST halls or facilities shall ordered to desist from the wrongdoing, put the halls or facilities back to their former state or compensate for the damages. If a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第三十三條   國家工作人員在科普工作中濫用職權、玩忽職守、徇私舞弊的，依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 33 Any state functionary who abuses his power in PST, neglects his duties or engages in malpractices for personal gain shall be given an administrative sanction in accordance with law. If a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第六章 附 則

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

第三十四條   本法自公布之日起施行。

Article 34 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.